Amarekhodi, ukugcinwa noma ukulogi kwesikhathi esizayo: isiphi isicelo?
Isicelo samarekhodi asevele ekhona, umyalo wokugcinwa kanye nomyalo wokuqoqwa kwesikhathi esizayo kuyimisebenzi emithathu ehlukene. Funda kuqala ukuthi idokhumenti ivumela yiphi.
Isihloko sithi umhlinzeki we-VPN uyalelwe ukuthi anikeze amarekhodi, futhi uxhaxha lwemibono uphetha ngokuthi manje wonke ama-VPN kufanele aloge. Idokhumenti engemva kwesihloko ingase ibe icele amarekhodi ayekhona kakade, noma icele umhlinzeki ukuthi agcine lokho anakho ngesikhathi kutholakala enye inqubo, noma igunyaze ukuqoqwa kwezimpawu ezithile esikhathini esizayo. Lezi yimisebenzi emithathu ehlukene enemikhawulo emithathu ehlukene. Funda ukuthi idokhumenti yenza yiphi ngaphambi kokuphetha.
Imisebenzi emithathu ebizwa ngesamane
Igama elisesihlokweni ngokuvamile liyiphutha lesigaba hhayi amanga. Isicelo samarekhodi akhona, umyalo wokugcinwa kanye nemvume yokuqoqwa kwesikhathi esizayo kufika njengamaphepha omthetho, futhi akakwazi ukushintshana. Ngamunye ubiza isenzo esihlukile, isikhathi esihlukile kanye neqembu elihlukile labamukeli. Ukufunda ukuthi yikuphi okusebenzayo kuthatha umzuzu futhi kuvimbela iziphetho eziningi ezingalungile.
| Operation | What it asks for | What it does not do |
|---|---|---|
| Records request | Information already held by the provider | Create data that was never collected |
| Preservation | Keep existing records while process continues | Disclose them to the requester |
| Prospective collection | Capture specified attributes going forward | Read the contents of communications |
Leli thebula liyinsiza yokufunda, hhayi ukuhlukaniswa komthetho, futhi ithuluzi elithile yilona elibalulekile. Ukuhlukaniswa kwensizakalo, igunya layo kanye nolwazi olushiwo kudokhumenti konke kushintsha ukuhlaziya, yingakho umbuzo owusizo uhlala uthi "umuphi umsebenzi, esikhathini esini, yiziphi izigaba".
Lokho osekuvele kukhona kuwumbuzo ohlukile
Njengesibonelo sase-United States, 18 USC 2703 inikeza izindlela ezihlukene zokuxhumana kanye namarekhodi amakhasimende, futhi isigatshana (c)(2) sikhomba ulwazi oluthile lwababhalisile olungatholakala ngenqubo ethile. Akusho ukuthi lonke uhlobo lolwazi lutholakala ngethuluzi elifanayo.
Lowo mehluko yiwona umgomo wobumfihlo ongakwazi ukuwuphendula endaweni yakho. Isitatimende mayelana nokugcinwa komlando wokuphequlula singase singasho lutho mayelana nerekhodi le-akhawunti, irekhodi lokukhokha noma ithikithi lokusekelwa, ngoba lezi yizigaba ezihlukene ezinokugcinwa okuhlukile.
Ngakho funda umgomo njengohlu lwezigaba hhayi njengesithembiso esisodwa. Buza ukuthi yimaphi amarekhodi akhona, isikhathi esingakanani futhi ngaphansi kokulawulwa kukabani, futhi thatha "asigcini noma yimaphi amalogi" njengesimangalo mayelana nesigaba esisodwa kuze kube umhlinzeki usho okunye. Bese ubuza ukuthi isiphi isigaba isicelo esisibiza ngempela. Ukungafani phakathi kwalezi zimpendulo ezimbili yindawo lapho izimpikiswano eziningi zomphakathi mayelana nokuloga kwe-VPN zihamba khona kabi.
Ukugcinwa akukona ukudalula
Ukugcinwa kucela umhlinzeki ukuthi agcine ubufakazi asevele enabo kuze kutholakale enye inqubo. Akubuniki lobo bufakazi kunoma ubani, futhi akudali ukugeleza okusha kwamarekhodi. Lowo mehluko ulahleka kalula esifinyezweni esithi umhlinzeki "uyalelwe ukugcina idatha".
Kumuntu ofunda izindaba, lokho kusho ukuthi umyalo wokugcinwa awubona ubufakazi bokuthi umhlinzeki ushintshe izindlela zakhe zokuqoqa. Kumqhubi othola owodwa, kusho ukuthi isibopho sikhuluma ngokungabhubhisi okuthile, okuyisenzo esincane kakhulu kunokwakha ipayipi.
Kokubili ukufunda kukhombisa umthetho ofanayo wokusebenza: qandisa isimo esihlobene futhi uyeke ukusishintsha kuze kube umuntu ofanele usebuyekezile isicelo. Ukususa ngokushesha nokuqoqa ngokushesha kuyizindlela ezimbili zokwenza isimo sibe sibi kakhulu. Inothi elibhaliwe mayelana nalokho obekukhona ngesikhathi isicelo sifika libaluleke ukudlula noma yikuphi ukwakhiwa kabusha kwakamuva.
Ukuqoqwa kwesikhathi esizayo kunegunya lako
Ukuqoqwa kwesikhathi esizayo kuyindlela ehlukile futhi. E-United States, imiyalo ye-pen register ne-trap and trace ngaphansi kwe-18 USC 3123 ikhuluma ngemvume, izimpawu ezithile zokuxhumana, usizo, izikhathi kanye nokungadaluli, kuyilapho izincazelo esigabeni 3127 zikhipha okuqukethwe kokuxhumana kulezo zigaba.
Lokho kukhipha yingxenye abantu abayilahlekayo lapho bephetha ngokuthi umyalo uvumela ukufunda imilayezo. Isigaba sikhuluma ngezimpawu, hhayi okuqukethwe, futhi umthetho uqondile mayelana nalokho okukuhlanganisayo. Ukuthi isicelo esithile siwela yini kulo mkhawulo umbuzo wommeli hhayi wokuthunyelwe kwebhulogi.
Kulandela futhi ukuthi umgomo ojwayelekile wokungabi namalogi womhlinzeki awusona isihlangu somthetho. Umgomo uchaza okuthi kuqoqwa ngokuzenzakalela; isibopho sichaza okuthi kufanele kwenziwe ngaphansi kwethuluzi elivumelekile. Zombili lezi zitatimende zingaba yiqiniso ngesikhathi esisodwa futhi zingashayisana ekusebenzeni.
Yini okufanele yenziwe lapho isicelo sifika
Dlulisela idokhumenti ngokushesha kumhloli onomthwalo wemfanelo futhi uyigcine njengoba yamukelwa, kuhlangene nezihloko nezithasiselo. Bhala phansi izikhathi zokugcina, imibandela yokugcina imfihlo kanye nezigaba ezishiwo, ngoba lezi zinto ezintathu zinquma konke okulandelayo.
Ungakhi ushintsho lokuqoqa noma lokususa kusuka esifinyezweni se-inthanethi. Ungazisi umsebenzisi othintekile ngaphambi kokuhlola ukuthi ukungadaluli kuyasebenza, futhi ungacabangi ukuthi kuyasebenza ngaphandle kokufunda ithuluzi.
Uma ukhetha umhlinzeki esikhundleni sokuqhuba owodwa, funda umgomo wedatha eceleni kombiko wakhe wokubonakala futhi uphawule izikhala. Ukungabi khona kwezicelo ezishicilelwe akubona ubufakazi bokuthi izimfuno azinakwenzeka ngobuchwepheshe, futhi umgomo oshicilelwe awubona ubufakazi bokuthi asikho esinye isigaba.