OSPF DR ne-BDR: ukhetho lungolwesixhumanisi
I-rawutha ingaba yeyokukhethwa ku-LAN yayo futhi ibe ejwayelekile kumhubhe. Funda indima ngesigaba ngasinye, bese uhlola ukuthi umhubhe ungaletha yini okudingwa imodeli.
Izindima ze-OSPF zibophezela ezixhumanisini, hhayi ku-chassis. Idivayisi efanayo ingaba i-rawutha ekhethiwe esigabeni sayo se-LAN futhi ingabi nalutho olukhethekile kumhubhe, futhi lawa maqiniso amabili awaphikisani. Ukufunda indima kusixhumanisi esingalungile yisizathu esivame kakhulu sokuthi i-hub ibonakale ingalungisiwe kahle ngenkathi isebenza ngendlela ebekuhlelwe ngayo.
Ukuqhathanisa okubalulekile kunguphakathi kwezindima esigabeni esisodwa nezindima ngaphesheya kwe-rawutha, naphakathi kwalokho okwenziwa isipele nalokho okungakwenzi.
Ukhetho olulodwa ngesigaba ngasinye
RFC 2328 ikhetha i-rawutha ekhethiwe kanye ne-rawutha ekhethiwe yesipele kwinethiwekhi ngayinye ye-broadcast noma ye-NBMA, hhayi ye-rawutha futhi hhayi yesifunda. Isixhumanisi ngasinye esibamba iqhaza kunethiwekhi enjalo senza ukhetho lwaso ngokukhulu ukubaluleka kwaso kanye neqoqo lomaseduze laso. I-chassis enezixhumanisi ezintathu ezinjalo ingaba nezindima ezintathu ezihlukene ngesikhathi esisodwa, yingakho ukuthi i-hub iyi-DR akuphelele kuze kushiwo isigaba. Funda indima ekukhishweni komaseduze kwaleso sixhumanisi uqobo.
Izixhumanisi ezimbili esifundeni esisodwa zisengukhetho olubili. Ubulungu besifunda abuzihlanganisi.
Yini eyenziwa isipele ngenkathi silindile
I-rawutha ekhethiwe yesipele iseduze ngokuphelele namarawutha esigabeni sayo futhi igcina isisekelo sayo sedatha sivumelanisiwe ukuze ikwazi ukuthatha indawo ngaphandle kokwakheka kobudlelwane obusha bomakhelwane. Engakwenzi ngenkathi isebenza njengesipele ukukhiqiza i-network-LSA yaleyo nethiwekhi, ngoba leyo ingeyo-rawutha ekhethiwe. Indima yayo yokukhukhula incane kunaleyo ye-rawutha ekhethiwe ezinyathelweni ezithile, futhi lokho akufani nokuthula noma ukungenzi lutho. Ukuthatha isipele njenge-rawutha engenzi lutho kuze kube senyuselweni kukhiqiza izincazelo eziqiniseka kakhulu futhi ezingalungile kakhulu.
Umbuzo owusizo awukho ekutheni isipele sigwema ini, kodwa ukuthi isigaba singaletha amaphakethe e-OSPF adingwa imodeli. Uma umhlanganyeli engakwazi ukuwashintshana nabanye, umphumela wokhetho uwuphawu lokufinyeleleka, hhayi imbangela.
Imodedi iphi umhubhe oyisebenzisayo ngempela
Amanethiwekhi e-broadcast ne-NBMA ayakhetha; amanethiwekhi e-point-to-point ne-point-to-multipoint awakhethi, ngoba awukho isigaba esabiwe okungakhethwa kuso. Ku-hub-and-spoke overlay imodeli esebenzayo incike endleleni isixhumanisi somhubhe esilungiswe ngayo, ngakho-ke siwufunde ngaphambi kokuhumusha noma yimuphi umsebenzi. Umhubhe osebenza njengesigaba se-broadcast nomhubhe osebenza njengeqoqo lezixhumanisi ze-point-to-point kuletha ukuziphatha komaseduze okuhluke ngokuphelele.
Uma umklamo ufuna i-hub ibe nendima ekhethiwe, imodeli nokufinyeleleka kufanele kusekele lokho ndawonye. I-hub engakwazi ukushintshana ngamaphakethe adingekayo nawo wonke umhlanganyeli ngeke ibe i-rawutha ekhethiwe ewusizo ngenxa nje yokuthi ukubaluleka kwayo kuphezulu. Hlola izimo zomaseduze kanye nokulethwa okuyisisekelo kuqala, bese unquma ukuthi indima inephutha noma yinto nje engalindelekile.
Ukufaneleka kungokwesixhumanisi ngasinye, futhi ukuthatha ngamandla akuzenzakaleli
Ukubaluleka kubekwa kwisixhumanisi ngasinye, futhi ukubaluleka okuyiziro kususa leso sixhumanisi kukho kokubili ukhetho. Phakathi kwabahlanganyeli abafanelekile owinile unqunywa ukubaluleka bese kuba yi-ID ye-rawutha, kodwa i-rawutha entsha efikile ngokubaluleka okuphezulu ayisusi i-rawutha ekhethiwe ekhona. Lokho kungabi nokuthatha ngamandla kuyenziwe ngamabomu, futhi kuyamangaza labo abalindele ukuthi ukubaluleka okuphezulu kunqoba ngokushesha. Uma i-rawutha ethile kufanele ibe nendima, hlela ukulandelana kwezigameko esikhundleni sokucabanga ukuthi ushintsho lokucushwa luzosebenza lodwa.
Ukukhipha yonke i-spoke ngaphandle kokunikeza omunye umhlanganyeli ofanelekile kusho futhi ukuthi kungenzeka kungabi naso isipele nhlobo.
Qhathanisa lezi zincazelo ezimbili ngobuqotho: indima efundwe esigabeni esingalungile, noma isigaba okungekho muntu ongafinyelela komunye kuso. Eyokuqala ingumbuzo womklamo futhi eyesibili ingumbuzo wokulethwa, futhi eyodwa kuphela yazo elungiswa ngokuhlela ukubaluleka.