Umzila we-VPN oboshelwe kunkomba yesixhumanisi uyaphuka lapho uxhumana kabusha

Umzila wasebenza amasonto amaningi wabe usuqala ukuthumela ithrafikhi kungekho ndawo, kuyilapho indawo ekuyiwa kuyo ingashintshile futhi kungabhalwanga lutho. Okwashintshayo yinombolo: umzila owakhiwe mayelana nenkomba ethile yesixhumanisi ukhomba isikhongozeli esingasekho ngemva kokuxhuma kabusha, futhi isiqalo esandulelayo sendawo esiyiwa kuyo siqhubeka sikhomba ingqalasizinda eshintshiwe. Ukwengeza ukuqina kuleyo mshini akusizi, ngoba inkinga ayikaze ibe ukuthi umzila uyasinda yini ekugayeni kabusha. Isisombululo siwukubophela inhloso kuxhumano, olona ngokuklama lusinda ekushintsheni kwesikhongozeli.

Hlola ukuthi umzila ukhomba kuphi ngempela

Qala ngokufunda umbhalo womzila kanye nezingongozeli zihlangene. Umzila onegxuma elilandelayo kusixhumanisi se-VPN nenkomba engahambisani nanoma yisiphi isikhongozeli samanje uwuphawu lwale nkinga; isiqalo esandulelayo esifanayo kunomunye unkombandlela kungaba insalela noma umzila oyifunayo ngempela. Funda izinhlu zombili ngaphambi kokushintsha noma eyodwa, ngoba ukuqhathanisa okuthakazelisayo kuphakathi kwenombolo esemzileni kanye nezinombolo ezikhona manje. Uma inkomba yomzila ivela ohlwini lwezingongozeli, inkomba akuyona inkinga yakho futhi ukusesha kudlulela ezilinganisweni, kunqubomgomo noma ekupheleni okude. Uma ingaveli, akukho okunye okumele kuxilongwe: umzila uboshelwe engqalasizindeni engasekho.

Get-NetRoute -DestinationPrefix '10.77.0.0/16' | Select-Object DestinationPrefix, NextHop, InterfaceIndex, Store
Get-NetAdapter | Where-Object InterfaceDescription -like '*VPN*' | Select-Object Name, InterfaceIndex, InterfaceDescription
Get-VpnConnection -Name 'Lab VPN' | Select-Object Name, ServerAddress, SplitTunneling

Ikholomu ethi Store yehlukanisa umbhalo ohlala ukhona phakathi kokugaya kabusha nombhalo onyamalalayo nesikhongozeli, futhi lowo mehluko unquma ukuthi inkinga iyobuya yini kusasa. Umbhalo esitorejini esihlala njalo okhomba enkombeni enyamalalile yisimo esibi kakhulu, ngoba usinda ekugayeni kabusha kodwa awuhambisani nakancane nanoma yini.

Bophela isiqalo esandulelayo kuphrofayela, hhayi kusikhongozeli

I-VPN yemvelo ye-Windows ingathwala uhlu lwayo lwemizila, ngakho uxhumano lusebenzisa kabusha isikhongozeli esifanele njalo lapho lukhuphuka. Khona-ke umzila ulandela iphrofayela esikhundleni senombolo oyibone kanye, futhi asikho iskripthi okumele siqagele inkomba ngemva kwakho konke ukushaya. Ukwengeza isiqalo esandulelayo nakho kuyahlehliswa ngomyalo wokususa ohambisanayo, okugcina ushintsho lufundeka. Isiqalo esandulelayo sigcinwa kanye noxhumano hhayi kuskripthi sokuqala, ngakho iphrofayela ekhushulwe komunye umsebenzisi ithwala inhloso nayo.

Add-VpnConnectionRoute -ConnectionName 'Lab VPN' -DestinationPrefix '10.77.0.0/16' -PassThru

Incwadi yokusebenza ye-Add-VpnConnectionRoute ibhala ubudlelwano noxhumano, futhi ububanzi bencwadi yocingo bubalulekile: iphrofayela yomsebenzisi ngamunye kanye nephrofayela yabo bonke abasebenzisi kuyizinto ezihlukene. Le ndlela ingeyeklayenti le-VPN le-Windows ngokwalo, ngakho isikhongozeli somhlinzeki esilawulwa yisevisi yaso singathatha imizila yaso emthonjeni wenqubomgomo ohluke ngokuphelele.

Hlanza imizila emidala ngaphambi kokwengeza emisha

Imizila emibili enesiqalo esandulelayo esifanayo nabanikazi abehlukene mibi kunomzila oyedwa ongafanele, ngoba owinayo uncike ezilinganisweni ezingabhalwanga muntu. Hlola okukhona kakade ngesiqalo esandulelayo, kuhlanganise nemibhalo esitorejini esihlala njalo, futhi susa kuphela okungeyakho emzameni ohlulekile. Insalela yomklamo wangaphambili ivamile kule ndawo, ngoba umzila ohlulekayo ngokuvamile wathatha indawo yento eyayisebenza. Bhala ukuthi imiphi imibhalo ingeyakuphi ukuxhumana ngaphambi kokususa noma yini, futhi gcina uhlu kurekhodi loshintsho.

Get-NetRoute -AddressFamily IPv4 | Where-Object DestinationPrefix -like '10.77.*'
Remove-NetRoute -DestinationPrefix '10.77.0.0/16' -NextHop '0.0.0.0' -Confirm:$false

Qhathanisa isiqalo esandulelayo, igxuma elilandelayo, isitoreji kanye nomnikazi ndawonye esikhundleni sokususa konke okubukeka kufana. Olunye uxhumano lungase luncike ngokusemthethweni engxenyeni yalowo mkhathi, futhi ukususa okubanzi kuguqula ukulungisa okuhle kube yisigameko sosekelo.

Xhuma kabusha ngokulandelana okuhlukile

Phinda ukhiqize isimo esikhundleni sokuthemba ukuthi umzamo wokuqala wawumele. Nqamula, xhuma kabusha, futhi qinisekisa indlela ekhethiwe eya kumthombo okude ofanayo ngenkathi umhubhe ukhuphukile; uma kune-VPN eziningi ezihilelekile, zikhuphule ngokulandelana okuhlukile futhi ubheke ukuthi indlela ekhethiwe iyashintsha yini. Ukulandelana kungukuguquguqukayo okweqiwa yiningi labantu, futhi yikho okuveza umzila oboshelwe kuxhumano olungafanele.

rasdial 'Lab VPN' /disconnect
rasdial 'Lab VPN'
Find-NetRoute -RemoteIPAddress 10.77.5.20 | Select-Object -First 1

Umphumela owufunayo awuwona ukuthi isikhongozeli sigcine inombolo yaso kanye. Umphumela ukuthi umzila uvele nanoma iyiphi inombolo etholwa uxhumano, njalo, futhi unyamalale lapho uxhumano luvalwa. Ukuxhuma kabusha kabili kuyindlela eshibhile yokuhlukanisa leyo miphumela.

Yazi ukuthi umzila awukwazi ukwenzani

Umzila ovela kuphrofayela unikeza indlela futhi akukho okunye. Awuvuli udonga lomlilo olukude, awudali umzila wokubuya ekupheleni okude, futhi awuxazululi iziza ezimbili ezisebenzisa ibanga elifanayo lamakheli; ngakunye kwalokho kuwukulungiselelwa okuhlukile okunomnikazi ohlukile. Ngakho ukuqinisekisa indlela kuwukuqala kokuhlolwa kokwamukelwa hhayi konke ukuhlolwa.

Gcina uhlu lweziqalo ezingaphambili kanye nephrofayela futhi bhala ukuthi lwengezwe ngaphansi kwabubaphi ububanzi, ukuze umuntu olandelayo afunde umklamo ohlosiwe esikhundleni sokuwuqagela etafuleni lemizila. Imizila ekhona kuphela emqondweni womuntu iyona eyakhiwa kabusha ngendlela engafanele ngemva kokuxhuma kabusha okulandelayo. Ukuphawula komugqa owodwa kumanothi okuthunyelwa kushibhile kunantambama yonke yokuthola kabusha.