Kusuka ku-VXLAN kuya ku-MPLS IP VPN: i-VNI akulona ilebula le-MPLS

Kokubili ubuchwepheshe kubeka isikhombi phambi kwepakethe, ngakho isiphetho sibonakala sicacile: hlela i-VNI kulebula le-MPLS bese uvumela amanethiwekhi amabili ukuba ahlangane. Lokho kuhlela akukho njengomsebenzi osekelwayo, ngoba izikhombi zisho izinto ezihlukile futhi zikhiqizwa amazinga okulawula ahlukile. I-VNI ikhomba ingxenye ye-VXLAN ngaphakathi kwe-overlay; ilebula le-MPLS likhomba ukuphathwa kokudluliswa endleleni eshintshwa ngamalebula. Ukuxhumanisa izizinda yisinqumo sokuhlela, hhayi ukuhumusha izinombolo.

Inganekwane: kokubili kusebenzisa amalebula, ngakho hlela wona

Ukufana kwaphezulu kungokoqobo futhi kuyadukisa. I-VXLAN ithwala i-VNI engamabhithi angu-24 ekhanda layo, futhi i-MPLS ithwala inqwaba yamalebula, ngakho kubonakala sengathi inani elilodwa lingabhalwa kabusha kwelinye kudivayisi yomngcele.

Okubhidliza umqondo yikho konke okuzungezile inani. I-VNI ixazululwa ileveli lokulawula le-EVPN kanye neziphetho zamathumbu zangaphansi. Ilebula linikezwa ileveli lokudluliswa le-MPLS endleleni. Alukho uhlangothi olunenqubo echaziwe yokwamukela isikhombi sohlangothi olunye njengasalo.

Uhlangothi ngalunye ludlulisela ini ngempela

Ohlangothini lwe-fabric, idivayisi yomngcele iqeda ithumbu le-VXLAN, ihlela i-VNI ku-VRF yomqashi futhi ihlela ipakethe njenge-IP evamile. Ohlangothini lomhlinzeki, i-PE yamukela umzila wekhasimende ku-VRF, ibeka inqwaba yamalebula e-MPLS futhi iwudlulisela nge-IP VPN.

Lokho kudluliswa yimodeli eqondwa kahle ku-RFC 4364: unqenqema lwekhastoma lushintshana ngemizila ye-IP nonqenqema lomhlinzeki, futhi isizinda ngasinye siphethe ukufakwa kwaso. I-VNI isingasekho lapho ipakethe lifika ku-PE, futhi yikho kanye okwenza imodeli isebenze.

Kungani amazinga okulawula engahlangani

I-EVPN Type 5 ithwala imizila yesiqalo se-IP namagxathu alandelayo e-overlay, kuyilapho izimemezelo ze-VPN-IPv4 zingezinye izinhlobo zamakheli. Izinhloso zomzila ezibonakala zifana kuzo zombili izinhlangothi azihumushi uhlobo olulodwa kolunye futhi azixazululi amagxathu alandelayo ngaphesheya komngcele.

Isango elihlangene lingenza imisebenzi yomibili kuphela lapho ipulatifomu isebenzisa ukufakwa okudingekayo kanye nokusebenzisana phakathi kwezinhlobo zemizila. Leli khono kufanele kuqinisekiswe ngehadiwe noshicilelo oluqondile, hhayi ukuqagela egameni lomndeni womkhiqizo.

Ezinye izinto ezimbili ezicatshangelwayo ziyehluleka kulo mngcele. I-MPLS IP VPN inikeza ukufinyeleleka okuhleliwe, hhayi ingxenye ye-Ethernet, ngakho ukwelula ukusakaza kudinga isevisi yezinga 2 esekelwayo esikhundleni salokho. Futhi kokubili ukufakwa kusebenzisa amabhayithi, ngakho i-MTU esebenzayo incane kunalokho okusikiselwa yinoma yiliphi ileveli elingaphansi.

Khetha ukudluliswa okuhleliwe noma isango elihlangene

Khetha ukudluliswa okuhleliwe lapho umqashi edinga ukufinyeleleka kwe-IP futhi umhlinzeki esenikeza isevisi ebheke ku-CE. Kugcina ubunikazi bucacile: i-fabric iphethe i-VXLAN ne-EVPN, umhlinzeki uphethe i-MPLS ne-VPN, futhi umngcele uphethe ukuhlelwa kwe-VRF ku-interface. Hlela ubukhulu bokuxhumana, amakheli nokushintshwa lapho kuhluleka nomhlinzeki esikhundleni sokucabanga ukuthi isixhumanisi esisodwa sanele.

Khetha isango elihlangene kuphela lapho ipulatifomu oyisebenzisayo isekela izindima zombili futhi ungakwazi ukuhlola ukusebenzisana. Ukonga kumadivayisi kungokoqobo, kodwa nengcuphe yokusebenza iyiqiniso yokuthi idivayisi eyodwa ibe yindawo kuphela lapho amazinga amabili okulawula kufanele avumelane khona.

Okufanele kurekhodwe kumqashi ngamunye

Gcina irekhodi elikhethekile kumqashi elinokuxhumana, iziqalo ezamukelwe nezithunyelwe ngaphandle, indlela yokuxazulula igxathu elilandelayo kanye nokuziphatha okulindelekile ngemva kokuhluleka komngcele noma kwesixhumanisi somhlinzeki. Faka isabelomali se-MTU emingceleni yomibili yokufakwa kanye nendlela yokubuya, ngoba indlela eya phambili esebenzayo ibonisa okuncane kakhulu iyodwa.

Leyo rekhodi yiyo exhumanisa izizinda ezimbili zokuphatha ngaphandle kokuzenzisa ukuthi izinto ezicatshangelwayo zazo zokuhlela nokufakwa ziyafana. Lapho othile kamuva ebuza ukuthi i-VNI ingaba yilebula nje yini, idokhumenti iphendula ngomklamo, hhayi ngengxabano.