Ukwehluleka kokuthola umhlaseli akufakazi ukuthi wayengaziwa
Icala elingenamoni egameni likhombisa ukuthi ubufakazi babungasungula ini, hhayi ukuthi ukungaziwa kwasebenza. Hlukanisa isiqondiso, ukwamukelwa kwaso kanye nokwehluleka kokuthola umhlaseli.
Icala eliphela lingenaye umoni ogama lakhe lishiwo livame ukuchazwa njengokungaziwa, futhi lelo gama lenza umsebenzi omningi othule. Liguqula isitatimende mayelana nobufakazi sibe isitatimende mayelana nomhlaba. Lezi zinto ezimbili azifani, futhi ezigamekweni ezindala umehluko uvame ukuba yikho kuphela irekhodi elisele elingakusekela. Isigameko esingatholwanga umhlaseli sikutshela ukuthi yini eyayingase isungulwe, hhayi ukuthi yini eyayikwazi ukwenzeka.
Izivivinyo ezinhlanu zihlukanisa lezi zinto ezimbili.
Isivivinyo 1: hlukanisa isiqondiso nokwamukelwa kwaso
I-RFC 1281, eyashicilelwa ngoNovemba 1991, yancoma ukugcinwa nokuhlolwa kwamarekhodi ahlobene nokuphepha, ukusekelwa kokulandelelwa kokuxhumana, nokuqokwa kothintana naye wezokuphepha ukuze kubhekwane nezigameko. Yaphinde yacela abasebenzi ukuba bashicilele ukuthi baqoqa ini nokuthi ubani angakusebenzisa. Lokho kuyirekhodi elinosuku lokuthi yini eyanconywa, okuyisimangalo esihlukile kunalokho okwenziwa yinoma yiluphi uxhoxho oluthile.
Isincomo ubufakazi bokuthi ukukhathazeka kwakukhona. Akubona ubufakazi bokuqaliswa, futhi nakanjani akubona ubufakazi bokuthi uphenyo oluthile lwaphumelela.
Isivivinyo 2: shono ukuthi iyiphi ikhonkco ekutholeni umhlaseli eyaphuka
Ukuthola umhlaseli kuwuchungechunge, futhi ikhonkco ngalinye lehluleka ngendlela yalo: ukubonwa kuxhoxho, i-akhawunti ehlobene nakho, ukulawulwa kwaleyo akhawunti ngaleso sikhathi, kanye nobufakazi obuxhumanisa lokho kulawula nomuntu. Ikheli eliphakathi akusona indawo. Igama lomsebenzisi akubona ubufakazi bokuthi ubani wabhala kukhibhodi. Isikhathi sokungena esirekhodiwe akubona ubufakazi bokuthi umnikazi we-akhawunti wayekhona.
Bhala ukuthi iyiphi ikhonkco engekho ngaphambi kokubhala isiphetho.
| Evidence | What it actually establishes |
|---|---|
| Source address in a log | An address at that moment, not a person |
| Account name | A credential was used, not who held it |
| Session window | When activity happened, not intent |
| Cross-network correlation | A path, not an identity |
Isivivinyo 3: faka usuku kubufakazi obukushoyo
Imibiko emidala icuthe isikhathi kabi. Amarekhodi angakaze agcinwe, lawo aphela isikhathi ngaphansi kwenqubomgomo yokugcina, lawo ayekhona kodwa angakaze axhumaniswe phakathi kwezinhlangano, kanye nophenyo olungaqhubekanga nje konke kushiya umkhondo ofanayo kusifinyezo sesimanje: lutho. Eyokuqala kuphela eyisitatimende mayelana nekhono lobuchwepheshe.
Khetha imibhalo yokuqala enosuku kunezifinyezo ezikhunjulwayo, futhi ucaphuna umusho oxhomeke kuwo.
Isivivinyo 4: melana nokulingeka kokuguqula umlando ube uhlu lwamacebo
Umbuzo womlando ukuthi yini eyayibonakala nokuthi yini eyayingsungulwa kukho. Uhlu lwezinsizakalo eziveziwe kanye nemininingwane yokungena ezenzakalelayo uphendula omunye umbuzo, futhi uwuhlobo olungalungile lwempendulo kumfundi ozama ukuqonda ukuthola umhlaseli. Futhi akudingekile, ngoba impikiswano ima ngaphandle kwemininingwane yokusebenza.
Uma isibonelo sidinga iresiphi ukuze sithakazelise, isibonelo senza umsebenzi ongalungile.
Isivivinyo 5: shono okutholakele okuncane ongakuvikela
Okutholakele okuvikelayo kufundwa kanje: irekhodi elisele likhombisa ukuthi isiqondiso sasikhona, ukuthi abanye abasebenzi babeqoqa amalogi okuqinisekisa, nokuthi lelo cala elithile alizange likhiphe ubufakazi obanele bokuhlonza umuntu. Lokhu kuncane kunokuthi akekho owayebhekile, futhi kusiza kakhulu ngoba kungahlolwa. Phawula nokuthi yini eyayizoshintsha umphumela, ngoba ukuntuleka kokuxhumana kuwukwehluleka okuhlukile ekuntulekeni kwedatha. Bese uma.
Izimangalo ezibanzi mayelana neshumi leminyaka lonke zidinga amarekhodi avela kulelo shumi leminyaka, hhayi indaba ekholakalayo yokuthi izinto zazinjani.