Kungani i-L2VPN yakho iziba i-RSVP-TE LSP oyisungule manje

Onjiniyela ababili bangaphuma efasiteleni lokunakekela elifanayo benesiqiniseko sokuthi indlela entsha iyasebenza, futhi bobabili babe nephutha ngezizathu ezihlukene. Omunye wakha i-LSP futhi wacabanga ukuthi isevisi izoyilandela. Omunye washiya isevisi futhi wacabanga ukuthi akukho okushintshile. I-pseudowire isebenzisa kuphela ukuthutha okuxazululeka kukho ikheli lepeer yayo ngaleso sikhathi, ngakho umbuzo wangempela ukuthi lokho kuxazulula kukhiqiza ini manje, futhi zombili izakhiwo ziphendula ngendlela ehlukile.

Ilebula elilodwa liqamba isevisi, elinye lihambisa iphakethe

Ilebula le-pseudowire, elisayinwa yi-LDP eqondisiwe njengoba kuchaziwe ku-RFC 4447, litshela umkhawulo womhlinzeki owamukelayo ukuthi yisiphi isekethe lokuxhuma okufanele lamukele ifreyimu. Alisho lutho mayelana nokuthi ifreyimu yafika kanjani lapho. Ilebula elingaphansi liwukuthutha, futhi leso sitaki sakhiwe yilokho okwamemezela ukufinyeleleka kwe-loopback yepeer, kungaba i-LDP, i-RSVP-TE noma indlela ehlelwe ngezigaba. Ngoba izingqimba ezimbili zisayinwa amaphrothokholi ahlukene, okukodwa kungase kube nempilo kuyilapho okunye sekuphelelwe yisikhathi. Lokho kwehlukana kuwumthombo wonke wokudideka.

Kufanele kushiwo ngqo: i-pseudowire ayikhethi i-LSP. Inikela ifreyimu kukuthutha, futhi ukuthutha kunquma ngokwetheli lomkhombandlela elinikeziwe.

Yingakho ne-ping ehlanzekile kuyo yonke i-LSP entsha ifakazela okuncane kangaka. I-LSP ingase ibe inesimo sokusebenza, ibe nelebula futhi ithwele ezinye izinsizakalo kuyilapho i-pseudowire yakho isaxazululwa ngelinye igxathu elilandelayo. Kuze kube ufunda ukubopha, lawo maqiniso amabili awahlobene.

Inketho A: bophela i-pseudowire ekuthutheni okukhethiwe

Ukubophela kusho ukwenza ukuxazulula kokuthutha kwesevisi kube okuqinisekile. Kuye ngeplathifomu, lokho kuthatha isimo senqubomgomo yokukhetha ithumela, iphoyinti lokugcina lokuthutha elicacile kusevisi, noma inqubomgomo yendlela ebhala kabusha igxathu elilandelayo letheli lepeer. Zontathu zenza into efanayo ngaphansi: ziphoqa ukuxazululwa komkhombandlela owodwa ku-LSP ethile. Yikho okwenza umphumela ukwazi ukucwaningwa kamuva.

Izindleko ububanzi. Inqubomgomo ehambisana netheli lepeer ithinta yonke insevisi ekhomba kuleyo peer, hhayi kuphela i-pseudowire obekuyo engqondweni yakho.

Indlela yokulinda ifanele isinqumo ngaphambi kwefasitele loshintsho, hhayi phakathi kwalo. Uma i-LSP eboshiwe iwa, uyayeka isevisi ihamba ngomunye umkhondo ogunyaziwe noma uyayeka ima. Inqubomgomo ebuyela ngokuthula emkhondweni owephula umkhawulo wokubambezeleka noma wokwehlukana isiphendule ukuphazamiseka okuhlanzekile kwaba into okunzima kakhulu ukuyichazela noma ubani.

Inketho B: vumela i-IGP ikhethe futhi ubuke okwenzekayo

Ukushiya isevisi njengoba injalo kuwumklamo osemthethweni, futhi ngokuvamile ungcono. I-pseudowire ilandela ukuxazulula okufanayo njenganoma yikuphi okunye ukuthutha okuya ku-loopback yepeer, ngakho ifa ukuhlangana kwe-IGP, ukucindezelwa kwezigaba zokuqala kanye nokweqile okunikezwa umongo kakade. Izinqubomgomo ezimbalwa zisho izindawo ezimbalwa lapho ukufanisa okuphelelwe yisikhathi kungacasha khona. Ukushintshana ukuthi awusakulawuli ukuthi isevisi ithatha iphi indlela, kuphela ukuthi ikhona indlela ethile.

Izindlela eziningi ezibiza okulinganayo zicijisa lokho kushintshana ngaphezu kwalokho okubonakala ekuqaleni. I-hashing yenzelwa umkhondo ngamunye, ngakho izingxoxo ezimbili ngaphakathi kwe-pseudowire eyodwa zingaphuma ngamalebula angaphandle ahlukene.

Funda ukudluliswa okufakiwe ngaphambi kokuthemba noma yikuphi

Qala ngotheli lwepeer hhayi ngesevisi. Ku-Junos, show route 203.0.113.1 detail iphrinta igxathu elilandelayo elikhethiwe kanye nokusebenza kwelebula, futhi show route table mpls.0 ihlanganisa ilebula elingenayo nalokho kusebenza. Ku-IOS XR, show mpls l2transport vc 100 detail inikeza isimo se-pseudowire kanye nesitaki esibekiwe.

Qinisekisa i-LSP okusetshenziswa ngukuthutha ngempela, hhayi leyo ebalulwa yidokhumenti yakho yomklamo. Ku-IOS XR, traceroute mpls ipv4 203.0.113.1/32 ihamba indlela eshintshwe ngamalebula futhi ibala amalebula kanye nezingxenye eziphumayo kuyo yonke, okuyinto eseduze kakhulu nokuzibonela ngokwakho indlela. Bese uphinda umsebenzi usuka emkhawulweni womhlinzeki okude, ngoba isiqondiso sokubuya sixazululwa ngokuzimela futhi ukungalingani kuvamile ngemva kokusetshenziswa kwengxenye kwenqubomgomo. Indlela elungile kwelinye icele futhi engalungile kwelinye imbi kunehluleka ngokulinganayo, ngoba uhhafu wezivivinyo zakho uzophumelela.

Gcina ubufakazi kanye nerekhodi lesevisi: itheli lepeer, igxathu elilandelayo, ilebula langaphandle kanye nosuku owahlola ngalo. Izinqubomgomo zomkhondo ziguga kabi, futhi akekho okhumbulayo ukuthi iyiphi eyayisebenza emakotshini amabili edlule.

Khetha ngendlela yokwehluleka, hhayi ngokuthanda

Ukubophela kufanele izinsizakalo ezinomkhawulo i-IGP engakwazi ukuwuchaza, kanye namaqembu angakwazi ukunakekela inqubomgomo kukho konke ukushintsha. Ukuyeka ku-IGP kufanele izinsizakalo okufanele zidlule kunoma yikuphi ukwehluleka okukodwa ngaphandle komuntu ongaphakathi komjikelezo.

Umbuzo onqumayo ukuthi indlela engalungile ikubiza malini. Uma isevisi ku-LSP engalungile isebenza kabi kancane nje, vumela i-IGP inqume futhi usebenzise umzamo ekuqapheni. Uma indlela engalungile yephula isivumelwano, okutholwe ukucwaninga noma imfuneko yokwehlukana, yibophele futhi ubhale indlela yokulinda. Bese uhlola indlela yokulinda, ngoba ukulinda okungahloliwe kuwukucabanga hhayi uhlelo. Noma kunjalo, funda kabusha ukubopha okufakiwe ngemva kwanoma yiluphi ushintsho kumongo, futhi thatha i-pseudowire ephakamile njengobufakazi balutho ngaphandle kokuthi ukusayina kuyasebenza.