Ithuneli le-RSVP-TE liyasebenza, kodwa i-L3VPN yeklayenti ayinayo indlela
Ezokuthutha kanye nensizakalo yizinqumo ezihlukene. Funda isitaki samalebula, hlola ngokwehlukana ukuxazululwa kwesinyathelo esilandelayo nokuxhumeka kwe-VRF, bese uhlola ukugeleza kwaklayenti okukodwa kwangempela.
Amaqembu amabili angaba neqiniso ngasikhathi sinye lapho iklayenti libika ukuthi i-VPN iphansi futhi iqembu lezokuthutha libika ukuthi ithuneli lilungile. I-LSP enobunjiniyela bokuhamba kanye ne-MPLS L3VPN ziphendula imibuzo ehlukene: elinye lihambisa amaphakethe anamalebula enqamula umnyombo, elinye linquma ukuthi iphakethe lingaphansi kwesiphi isimo sokuhlela. Lapho zihlangana khona, ingxoxo izungeza ngoba uhlangothi ngalunye lukala into ehlukene futhi izilinganiso zombili zivumelekile.
Ukuthutha kusebenza kanti insizakalo imile kuyisimo esivamile
I-LSP ingase isungulwe, ithwale ukuhamba futhi ibonakale kuzo zonke izinhlelo zokuqapha, kuyilapho insizakalo yeklayenti ihlala ingasetshenziswa. Akukho okungqubuzanayo kule nhlanganisela, ngoba ithuneli alinawo umbono wokuthi ingabe ikhona iphrephiksi ekude, ingabe umgomo wokungenisa uyayamukela, noma ingabe isekethe elixhunyiwe lidlulisa amafreyimu.
Uphawu oluvezwa ngokuvamile ukudideka alulingani: ama-ping avela ku-loopback ye-PE ayaphumelela kuyilapho isibambi esiku-LAN yeklayenti singatholi lutho, noma okuphambene nalokho. Bhala phansi ukuthi yimaphi amakheli asebenzile ngaphambi kokwakha umbono. Lapho usubona ukuthi uhlola izinto ezimbili ezihlukene, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukufunda isitaki samalebula esikhundleni sokuphikisana ngokuthi iyiphi igrafu elungile. Amakheli amabili, abanikazi ababili, futhi ngokuvamile abantu ababili abehlukene lapho ngamunye ekholelwa ukuthi omunye uphule okuthile.
Funda isitaki njengezibopho ezimbili
Ilebula elingezansi lingelensizakalo kanti ilebula eliphezulu lingelendlela. I-RFC 4364 ichaza ukulandelana ngendlela elula: kuqala kubekwa ilebula yomzila we-VPN, bese leyo phakethe elinelebula ihanjiswa ngethuneli ibheke esinyathelweni esilandelayo se-BGP, lapho ithuneli lobunjiniyela bokuhamba licindezela ilebula yalo phezulu.
| Object | Decision it encodes | Who owns it |
|---|---|---|
| Attachment and VRF | Which customer context receives the arriving packet | Edge configuration |
| VPN route and service label | Which remote forwarding context handles the destination | BGP VPN signalling |
| Transport LSP and tunnel label | How the core carries the packet to the BGP next hop | RSVP-TE or another tunnel mechanism |
Ku-PE ekude, ilebula lensizakalo likhetha ukwelashwa, okungase kube ukusesha kwe-VRF noma isinqumo sokuxhumeka. Leyo lebula ayikwazi ukushintshwa ngelebula eliwela umnyombo kuphela, futhi zombili azishintshisani ngisho lapho zombili zivela esitakini esisodwa ku-interface eyodwa.
Yini efakazwa yimpumelelo ye-RSVP futhi yini engafakazwa
I-RSVP-TE isungula ama-LSP anomzila ocacile, anokugcinwa kwemithombo noma ngaphandle kwako, okuyisiqinisekiso esicacile nesilusizo mayelana nendlela iphakethe elihamba ngayo enqamula umnyombo. Lokhu akusona isitatimende ngemizila yeklayenti, futhi igama lethuneli elilungisiwe aliyona neze indlela.
Ukuba khona kwe-RSVP nakho akunikezi isethembiso sokusebenza kusuka ekugcineni kuya ekugcineni. Ukugcinwa komthamo wokudlulisa kwi-LSP eyodwa akusho lutho ngesekethe elixhunyiwe, umugqa wokufinyelela weklayenti uqobo noma ukuziphatha komugqa onqenye ekugcineni okukude. Ukukuthatha njengesiqinisekiso kuveza izimpendulo eziqinile emibuzweni engazange ibuzwe muntu. Uma isidingo ngempela siyisibopho somthamo wokudlulisa, kufanele sihlanganiswe izingxenye eziyiphumezayo ngempela, futhi i-LSP iyingxenye yesigamu nje salolo chungechunge.
Hlola ngokulandelana, bese uma
Sebenza kusuka kwezokuthutha ukuya ngaphandle futhi ume esinyathelweni sokuqala esihlulekayo, ngoba isinyathelo ngasinye esilandelayo sicabanga ukuthi esedlule simile. Qala uqinisekise ukuthi i-LSP isunguliwe nokuthi ingeno yokudlulisela yephrephiksi yensizakalo ikhomba kuyo ngempela. Bese uqinisekisa ukuthi umzila we-VPN ukhona kuthebula elifanele, ukuthi ukubopha kwayo ilebula kukhona nokuthi umgomo wokungenisa uyayamukele. Bese uqinisekisa ukuxhumeka: i-interface, ukufakwa kanye nalapho kusebenza khona, isihlonzi se-VLAN esingesalesi sivumelwano.
show mpls lsp
show mpls forwarding-table 10.60.0.0 24
show bgp vpnv4 unicast vrf CUSTOMER 10.60.0.0/24
show ip vrf detail CUSTOMERIsintaksi semiyalo iyahluka ngezinga ngalinye, ngakho thatha leyo migqa emine njengemibuzo emine hhayi njenge-skripti. Okubalulekile ukuthi ngayinye ibuza into ehlukene, futhi yikho okwenza ukwehluleka kukhombe kumnikazi othile.
Landela isicelo esisodwa esivunyelwe futhi gcina ubufakazi obuhle
Qeda ngesicelo seqiniso esisodwa sekhayenti, esivunywa umgomo, kanye nempendulo yaso. Ukugeleza okukodwa okusebenzayo kusuka ekugcineni kuya ekugcineni kuxazulula okungaphezu kwekhasi lokufunda izibali, futhi kuhlola inhlanganisela hhayi ingxenye ngayinye ngokwehlukana.
Lapho isigaba esisemva sihluleka, gcina umbono ophumelelayo we-LSP esikhundleni sokwakha kabusha ezokuthutha. Ukwakha kabusha ithuneli elisebenzayo akukwazi ukulungisa iphrephiksi ekude engekho, ukuxhumeka kwe-VRF okungalungile noma umthetho wokufinyelela indawo okuyiwa kuyo, futhi kubhubhisa ubufakazi obakutshela ekuqaleni ukuthi ezokuthutha ziphilile.