Kungani ukuphuma kwe-VPN okwabiwe kubangela izexwayiso zokungena okungezona ezakho
Ukuvinjwa kokungena ngokuvamile kuyisikolo sengcuphe, hhayi isinqumo ngentanja yakho. Ukuphuma okwabiwe kushintsha ukuthi ngubani futhi ofakiwe kuleso sikolo nokuthi kubabiza malini.
Vula isayithi ojwayele ngokusebenzisa i-VPN bese uthola inselelo eyengeziwe, futhi incazelo ekhangayo ukuthi umhubhe utholakele. Kukhona okutholakele, kodwa kwakungeyena wena. Isayithi lilinganise isethi yezimpawu, enye yazo ikheli lomthombo, futhi lelo kheli labelwana nabantu ongabazi okungenzeka ukuthi babesakha ukungena okwehlulekile umzuzu owandulela. Ukufunda lesi sinqumo njengesinqumo ngokuxhumana kwakho kuwukungezwa kahle kokuthi isikolo senzelwe ini.
Ikheli lomthombo linganquma ini futhi lingakwazi ukunquma ini
Ikheli le-IP lichaza indlela enqamula inethiwekhi ngesikhathi esithile. Alibonisi umuntu, idivayisi noma ngisho i-akhawunti eyodwa, futhi nge-NAT yezinga lomhlinzeki noma ichibi le-VPN elimatasa lingamela izikhathi eziyizinkulungwane ezingahlobene ngesikhathi esisodwa. Isayithi esithatha ikheli njengobuwena empeleni lisithatha njengedumela, okuyisitatimende sezibalo hhayi iqiniso.
Abantu ababili bangabelana ngokuphuma okukodwa futhi bakhiphe ubufakazi obuphikisanayo: omunye ungena ngempumelelo ngesici sesibili, omunye uzama amagama ayimfihlo angamashumi amane. Ikheli lifana, ngakho akukho mthetho osekelwe ekhelini kuphela ongabahlukanisa, futhi noma yikuphi ukusabela okubangelwayo kusebenza kubo bobabili.
Lokhu akusona isizathu sokushaya indiva amakheli. Kuyisizathu sokukhumbula ukuthi uphawu lukala ini, ngoba iningi lokuziphatha okumangazayo mayelana nokungena kwe-VPN livela ekusebenziseni ukulawula ezingeni elingalungile, hhayi ekuboneni okungalungile.
Kungani ukuvimba ukuphuma kujezisa abantu ongabazi
Ukuvimba ezingeni lekheli kushibhile ukukusebenzisa futhi kuyabiza ukuqondisa. Umjikelezo womphumela yikho konke ukuxhumana ngemuva kwalelo kheli, futhi yingakho ukuziphatha kwamakheli abiwe ne-NAT kunomlando wako emibhalweni yokusebenza: umqondo ofanayo uvela emsebenzini we-IETF mayelana namakheli omthombo abiwe kanye nemiphumela eseceleni yokuhlunga okusekelwe ekhelini.
| Signal | What it provides evidence about | What it cannot settle |
|---|---|---|
| Source address and its reputation | The network path, and how that path behaved recently for others | Which account or person is behind the request |
| Authenticator result | Whether the account claim was proved at the required strength | Whether the account's owner initiated it |
| Request timing and volume | Whether the pattern looks automated or burst-like | Whether the intent was malicious or a shared client |
| Application event history | What this account has done while signed in | Anything about requests that never authenticated |
Cabanga ngokwehluleka okubili okubangelwa ukuvimba. Ikhasimende elisemthethweni ngemuva kokuthi ukuphuma okufanayo liyavinjelwa ukuthola isevisi futhi livula ithikithi lokusekelwa elibiza ngaphezu kokuhlukumeza uqobo. Umhlaseli wangempela udlulela kokunye ukuphuma echibini lezinkulungwane futhi uyaqhubeka, ngaphandle kokuchitha lutho ngaphandle kokuxhuma kabusha.
Ukulingana yisinyathelo esingekho. Ukungena okwehlulekile okuphindaphindiwe, igagasi lezicelo ezizenzakalelayo kanye nokwephulwa kwemvume okuqinisekisiwe kuyizigameko ezintathu ezihlukene, futhi eyesibili kuphela ebonakala iyinkinga yesimo sekheli. Ukusebenzisa ukuvinjelwa kwenethiwekhi kwesayithi lonke kukho kukhonke kumathathu yindlela ukulawula kokuphepha okuba umugqa wokusekelwa ngayo.
Beka isinqumo lapho ubufakazi bukhona
Ukulawula ezingeni le-akhawunti kulandela i-akhawunti kumakheli, okuhambisana nento oyikhathazayo ngempela. Ukulinganisela ijubane, izikhathi zokulinda ngemuva kokwehluleka okuphindaphindiwe kanye nokuqinisekisa okunyukayo kwezenzo ezibucayi konke kusebenza ku-akhawunti noma esenzweni, hhayi endleleni yenethiwekhi. Lokho kuhambisana kangcono nento oyivikelayo ngempela. Futhi kususa isisusa somhlaseli sokufuna ikheli elisha lokuphuma.
Imihlahlandlela ye-NIST yokuqinisekisa ithatha lezi njengezokufaka zokuhlolwa kwengcuphe futhi ibala ikheli, indawo yezwe kanye nesikhathi sesicelo phakathi kwezimpawu, okuyisimo esifanele ukubolekwa: uphawu lwazisa isinqumo, aluthathi indawo yesiqinisekisi. Funda lolo hlu njengezokufaka, hhayi njengemenyu yezinto okufanele zivinjelwe. Isiqinisekisi sisahlinzeka ngobufakazi, futhi ezinye izimpawu zinquma kuphela ukuthi kufakwe malini ukungqubuzana kuzo.
Imikhawulo emibili yokuklama ivimbela indlela yezinga le-akhawunti ukuba ibe ukuphazamiseka kwayo. Imikhawulo yejubane idinga indlela yokubuyekezwa ephephile ukuze umsebenzisi akwazi ukubika ukuhlukaniswa okungalungile ngaphandle kokushicilela ubufakazi, futhi izinselelo ezinyukayo akufanele ziphendulwe ngephasiwedi noma ngekhodi esetshenziswa kanye enikezwe oxhumana naye wokusekelwa ongaqinisekisiwe.
Umgomo onobulungiswa ubonakala kanjani ngaphandle
Bhala ukuthi yisiphi isinqumo ukulawula ngakunye okusekelayo, bese uhlola ukuthi izinga lokulawula liyafana. Ukulawula kwekheli kuphendula imibuzo mayelana nethrafikhi evela kunethiwekhi; ukulawula kwe-akhawunti kuphendula imibuzo mayelana ne-akhawunti; izehlakalo zohlelo lokusebenza ziphendula imibuzo mayelana nokuziphatha ngemuva kokuqinisekisa. Umgomo obala kokuthathu uyahlolwa, futhi lowo obala kuphela ithrafikhi ye-VPN awuholwa.
Bese kala umphumela hhayi inani lemithetho. Imizamo engagunyaziwe kufanele yehle, abasebenzisi abasemthethweni kufanele bagcine indlela esekelwayo, futhi inani lokuxhumana nokusekelwa ngekhulu lokungena akufanele likhuphuke. Ukuvimba okuthuthukisa inombolo yokuqala kuyilapho konakalisa ezinye ezimbili kususile inkinga, akukayixazululi.
Ukwamukela ukuxhumana kwe-VPN nokuphoqelela ukulawula kokuhlukumeza kuyimigomo ehambisanayo. Inguqulo esebenzayo ithatha ikheli lomthombo njengokufaka okukodwa phakathi kweziningi, isebenzisa ukulawula okuncane okuhambisana nobufakazi, futhi ishiya indlela eqotho kumuntu ohlukaniswe ngokungalungile. Inguqulo ehlulekayo ithatha ikheli njengomsolwa futhi ikubiza lokho ngomgomo.