Izindlela eziqinile noma iphrothokholi yomzila ku-VPN yesayithi-kuya-sayithi?
Ukushintsha kwamaphrimu, ukuziphatha ekushintsheni kanye namandla okusebenza kuyanquma. Linganisa izindleko zokugcina inketho ngayinye ilungile, bese uhlola indlela yokwehluleka.
Zombili izinketho zithwala amaphakethe phakathi kwezindawo, ngakho isinqumo asikhulumi ngokuthi iyiphi iphrothokholi entsha kakhulu, futhi ubukhulu bomhubhe abukusombululi. Izimo ezintathu ziyasombulula: mangaki amaphrimu ashintshayo nokuthi kukangaki, ingabe umklamo udinga ukushintshwa okuzenzakalelayo phakathi kwezindlela, nokuthi iqembu lingakwazi ukuphatha obungakanani bomshini wesigaba sokulawula ngehora lesithathu ebusuku. Phendula lokhu ngobuqotho futhi ukukhetha ngokuvamile kuzenzela kona. Ingxenye esele yalo mbhalo yindleko yempendulo ngayinye.
Izimo ezintathu ziyanquma
Isimo sokuqala ukushintsha. Amasubneti ambalwa azinzile anobunikazi obucacile angagcinwa ngesandla iminyaka, futhi umzila ngamunye uhlala uwumugqa umuntu angawufunda futhi awuhlole. Amashumi amaphrimu ahamba njengoba amaphrojekthi engena futhi ephuma ayenye inkinga, ngoba ukuhamba ngakunye kufanele kufinyelele idivayisi ngayinye esakhumbula indlela endala.
Okwesibili ukuziphatha lapho kwehluleka. Lapho indlela yokulondoloza kufanele isebenze ngaphandle kokuthi umuntu abone, okuthile kufanele kubone ukwehluleka bese kuhoxisa umzila. Ukuhamba komzila okuqinile kungakwenza lokho kuphela ngokulandelela noma ngokufaka okunemibandela, futhi kuphela ezehulekweni obuzicabangile ngaphambili.
Okwesithathu isifiso sesigaba sesibili sokulawula. Iphrothokholi yomzila ingeza amaseshini, ukuqinisekisa, izihlungi kanye nenqubomgomo yokukhetha, futhi ngakunye kwalokhu kudinga ukuqapha kanye nenqubo yoshintsho. Leyo yindleko yokusebenza ehlala njalo, hhayi umsebenzi wokuhlela kanye kuphela.
| Condition | Points to static | Points to dynamic |
|---|---|---|
| Prefix churn | Rare, few, stable | Frequent, many, moving |
| Failover | Manual or tracked | Automatic withdrawal |
| Operations | No routing staff | Protocol monitoring exists |
Ithebula elingezansi kwesigaba sesithathu iyinguqulo emfushane, futhi izigaba ezintathu ezilandelayo zichaza ukuthi kungani umugqa ngamunye ukhona lapho ukhona. Funda imigqa ngokuqhathanisa nenani lakho lezindawo ngaphambi kokukhetha, ngoba isinqumo esinganaki indleko yokusebenza siyingxenye yesinqumo kuphela.
Ukuhamba komzila okuqinile kubiza malini ngempela
Umzila oqinile kufanele ulungile ezinhlangothini zombili zombhebe. Ukwengeza isubneti kusho ukuhlela igethiwe ekude, igethiwe yendawo kanye nendlela yokubuya ngokuvamile, futhi ukukhohlwa okukodwa kwalokhu kudala ukwehluleka kohlangothi olulodwa okubonakala njengephutha lohlelo. Iqembu lohlelo libona ukuphelelwa yisikhathi ngenkathi iqembu lenethiwekhi libona umzila okhona futhi obonakala uphilile. Alikho iqembu eliniphutha, futhi yingakho lokhu kwehluleka kuthathe isikhathi eside ukutholakala.
Umugqa oqinile nawo uhlala ufakiwe ngemva kokunyamalala kwendlela engaphansi kwawo. Ngaphandle uma ipulatifomu inikeza ukulandelela, umzila uqhubeka ukhomba igxathu elilandelayo elingasadlulisi, futhi ithrafikhi iyanyamalala esikhundleni sokushintsha. Lokho kuthula yindleko oyemukelayo lapho ukhetha inketho elula.
Bhala indlela yokulandelela eceleni komzila ngamunye, qopha ukuthi imiphi imihlolo ewuhlanganisayo, futhi gcina uhlu kanye nokuhlelwa kombhebe. Uma kungenjalo ukuphazamiseka okulandelayo kuzotholwa umsebenzisi hhayi inethiwekhi, futhi lokho kuhlala kuwukuthola okubiza kakhulu.
Ukuhamba komzila okuguqukayo kubiza malini ngempela
Iphrothokholi imemezela amaphrimu amasha, ihoxisa lawo angafinyeleleki futhi iveza ukuthanda phakathi kwezindlela. Lokho kuwusizo ngempela lapho izindawo eziningi noma imihube eyengeziwe bekuzodinga ukuhlelwa okuhlangene kukho konke ukushintsha. Yingakho futhi iphrothokholi ingakumangaza ngesikhathi esibi kunazo zonke. Ngakunye kwalezo zenzo ukushintsha kwesimo okungenziwanga nguwe mathupha.
Kudala izimo ezimbili ezingavumelani. Umhubhe ungaba phezulu ngenkathi iseshini yomzila iphansi, futhi iseshini ingaba phezulu ngenkathi izimemezelo zayo zishiya isubneti edingwa uhlelo. Kokubili kubonakala kuyinethiwekhi esebenza ingxenye, futhi akukho okubonakalayo ekhasini lesimo somhubhe.
Ngakho izihlungi nenqubomgomo ziba yingxenye yomklamo hhayi umcabango wangemva. Iphrothokholi ememezela konke izogcina imemezele okuthile okungalungile, futhi iphrimu engalungile ihamba ngokushesha kunomuntu ongayilungisa. Bhala izihlungi ngaphambi kokuthi iseshini yokuqala inikwe amandla ukuze isimemezelo sokuqala sibe ngamabomu kakade.
Lawula okungashiwo yiseshini yomzila
Nquma uhlu lwamaphrimu avunyelwe nge-peer ngayinye futhi ulusebenzise ekungeneni, ngoba isihlungi sokuphuma asikwazi ukuvimbela i-peer ekukuthumelela umzila ozenzakalelayo. Imizila ozenzakalelayo kanye nokuhlanganisa amayunithi amaphutha abiza lapha: zingashintsha buthule izindlela ezingahlobene ngomugqa owodwa ofundiwe obonakala usemthethweni. Zilahle ngokucacile ngaphandle uma umklamo uwufuna ngempela.
Bhala indawo engumnikazi eceleni kwenethiwekhi ngayinye ngaphambi kokuthi iseshini yokuqala inyuke, ngoba lokho kumephu kuwumthombo wohlu lwezihlungi hhayi umhlobiso wemibhalo. Ngaphandle kwayo, ohlela isihlungi kufanele aqagele ukuthi iyiphi indawo okufanele imemezele iphrimu.
Ukusatshalaliswa kabusha phakathi kwama-phrothokholi amabili yindawo lapho amaluphu eqala khona, futhi lapho iphrimu efanayo ifika kabili ngezimpawu ezingaqhathaniseki ngokuhlanzekile. Gcina ukusatshalaliswa kabusha ngaphandle komklamo kuze kube yilapho isidingo esithile siphoqa, futhi uma kufanele sibe khona, maka futhi uhlunge imizila emngceleni.
Izixhumi zomhubhe ezisekelwe emizileni zenza ukuhamba komzila okuguqukayo kube lula ukuvezwa, ngoba umhubhe uba isixhumi esinemizila esikhundleni senqubomgomo ehambisana nezikhethi. Lokho akususi umbuzo wendawo ye-peer: izikhethi ze-IPsec kusafanele zivume ithrafikhi ohlose ukuyihambisa emzileni.
Hlola indlela yokwehluleka, hhayi indlela yenjabulo
Noma yini oyikhethayo, yehlisa uxhaxha olulodwa oluphezulu bese uqinisekisa ukuthi ithrafikhi iyahamba, noma iyehluleka ngendlela oyibhalile. Umklamo ohlolwe kuphela lapho zombili izindlela ziphilile awuhlolwanga nhlobo. Linganisa isikhathi sokuthola ngenkathi usukhona, ngoba inombolo oyilinganisile iyona inombolo abasebenzisi abazoyithola.
Bese uqinisekisa indlela yokubuya ngokuzimela, ngoba ukuhamba komzila okungalingani ku-VPN kuvamile futhi akubonakali kuze kube yilapho idivayisi egcina isimo ilahla izimpendulo. Ukugeleza okusebenza ohlangothini olulodwa kufakazela ingxenye yendlela kuphela.
Ukulandelana komsebenzi: bala amaphrimu, nquma ukuthi ukwehluleka kufanele kutholakale kanjani, hlola ukuthi ubani ongaphatha iphrothokholi, lawula okumemezelwayo, bese uhlola ukuphazamiseka okukodwa kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube sekupheleni. Isinyathelo ngasinye sikhiqiza iqiniso elidingwa isinyathelo esilandelayo.