Kungani igama le-adaptha ye-VPN lingafihla enye iphrothokholi
Ilebula eliseduze kwe-adaptha lichaza isofthiwe eyayidala, hhayi amaphakethe asekuxhumekeni. Hlola iklayenti, iphrofayela kanye nozakwenu ngaphambi kokukhetha isisombululo.
Ilebula eliseduze kwe-adaptha ye-VPN lichaza isofthiwe eyadala isixhumanisi, futhi lokho kuyisendlalelo esisodwa ngaphezu kwamaphakethe adlula ngempela kwinethiwekhi. I-plugin ingaveza i-adaptha egama layo likhombisa ukuhlukaniswa kwayo kwe-plugin uqobo hhayi ukufakwa kumaphakethe kwinethiwekhi. Ukufunda iklayenti, iphrofayela kanye nozakwenu kuphendula lokho igama elingakwazi ukukuphendula. Ukuxhumana okubili okubukeka kufana kumenyu yezilungiselelo kungaziphatha ngendlela ehluke kakhulu ekurekhodweni.
Igama livela kumhlinzeki, hhayi kwinethiwekhi
I-Windows ichaza uhlu olufushane lwezinhlobo zokuxhumana kumaklayenti ayo e-VPN afakiwe, futhi imikhiqizo yezinye izinhlangano ifaka isitaki sayo eceleni kwazo. I-adaptha evela ohlwini lwenethiwekhi idalwa yidrayiva ephethe ukuxhumana, ngakho igama layo liwubufakazi mayelana nedrayiva, hhayi isiqinisekiso mayelana nephrothokholi yangaphandle. Yingakho futhi ukukhipha iklayenti elilodwa kungashiya igama le-adaptha.
Imibhalo ye-Microsoft mayelana nezinhlobo zokuxhumana ze-VPN icacile ukuthi uhlobo luchaza ukulungiselelwa kweklayenti kulokho kuxhumana. Uma i-plugin ihilelekile, uhlobo olubonisiwe lulandela lokho i-plugin ekubhalisayo, futhi ukufakwa kwangempela kungaba okunye ngokuphelele.
Ukusendlalela okufanayo kubonakala nasezinye izindawo. I-adaptha ebonakalayo kumsingathi we-Linux, idivayisi ye-TAP noma isandiso sesevisi ye-VPN yeselula konke kuyizixhumanisi ezidalwe isofthiwe, futhi igama lesixhumanisi likhethwa yileyosofthiwe esikhundleni sokuxoxisana neseva.
Amachweba namakheli angakutshela ini futhi angakutsheli ini
Isendlalelo ngasinye sishiya ubufakazi obuhlukile. Zifunde ngokwehlukana futhi ilebula liyeka ukuba yisinqumo:
| Evidence | What it establishes | Where it misleads |
|---|---|---|
| Adapter name | Which driver bound the interface | Plugins choose their own labels |
| Profile file | Which client consumes the configuration | Abstraction layers hide the transport |
| Outer port | Which port the peer accepts | 443 carries several protocols plus HTTPS |
| Tunnel address | The inner interface's network | Says nothing about encapsulation |
I-TCP 443 iyisibonelo esicacile kakhulu. Ingathwala i-SSTP, umhubhe we-OpenVPN TCP, isikhathi se-SoftEther SSL-VPN noma ithrafikhi yewebhu evamile, futhi inombolo yechweba iyodwa ayikwazi ukuhlukanisa lezo. Ngakho umthetho we-firewall ovumela u-443 awuwona ubufakazi bokuthi iyiphi iklayenti esetshenziswayo. Ukurekhoda kusixhumanisi sangaphandle kuyakuxazulula, futhi kukuxazulula ngemizuzwana.
Funda ifomethi yephrofayela kanye nozakwenu
Ifayela lokulungiselela liwumkhondo oqinile kune-adaptha. Iphrofayela ye-OpenVPN iqukethe iziqondiso ezifana ne-remote, i-proto ne-ca; ukulungiselelwa kwe-WireGuard kuqukethe isigaba se-[Interface] esinokhiye oyimfihlo kanye nezigaba ze-[Peer] ezinama-IP avunyelwe; umbhalo wencwadi yocingo ye-Windows ugcina uhlobo lokuxhumana ngefomethi yayo. Isintaksi ngayinye ingeyokwenziwa okukodwa.
Bese ubheka imibhalo namalogi ozakwenu. Iseva iyazi ukuthi iyiphi isiphathi sephrothokholi esamukele isikhathi, futhi ilogi yayo isho isigaba esiqediwe. Lobobufakazi budlula noma yiliphi ilebula ledeskithophu, ngoba buqoshwa lapho amaphakethe ayehunyushwa khona ngempela.
Khetha incwadi yokuhola ngephrothokholi, hhayi ngelebula
Isiqondiso se-OpenVPN singese-OpenVPN, okhiye bama-IP avunyelwe be-WireGuard bangabe-WireGuard, futhi iphrofayela ye-SSTP ayisiyo kokubili. Ukunamathisela inketho yeklayenti elilodwa kwelinye ngenxa yokuthi igama le-adaptha lalizwakala lihambisana yindlela okonakala ngayo ukulungiselelwa okusebenzayo.
Lapho iphrothokholi isikhoniwe, khetha indlela yokuxazulula inkinga ehambisanayo: ilogi yeklayenti uqobo, ilogi yeseva eqondene nephrothokholi, nokurekhoda okubonisa ukushintshana kwangaphandle. Kusukela lapho ukwehluleka kunegama hhayi ilebula.