Shin TCP 443 yana taimakawa da gaske? Sai dai idan uwar garken tana saurara a can
Fayil ɗin TCP zaɓi ne na madadi, ba ɓoyewar kamanni ba. Tabbatar uwar garken tana saurara a wannan tashar, sannan a auna kuɗin TCP biyu da rashin isa.
TCP 443 zaɓi ne na madadi da wani sharadi, ba ɓoyewar kamanni da ke ɓuya da rami a kan kowane tacewa ba. Yana taimakawa lokacin da mai gudanarwa ya riga ya wallafa mai saurarar TCP a wannan tashar kuma hanya tana jure wa haɗin da zai kasance a buɗe na sa'o'i. Yakan kasa, yawanci a matsayin ƙarewar lokaci, idan ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan biyu ya ɓace, kuma ƙarewar lokaci ba kasafai yake faɗin wanne ba. Don yanke shawarar canzawa ana buƙatar tambayoyi uku, kuma ɗaya ne kawai daga cikinsu ya shafi lambar tasha.
Lambar tasha ba alkawarin jigilar sadarwa ba ce
Tasha tana ambaton wuri na ƙarshe; TCP yana mai da shi jerin baytai mai tsari; OpenVPN ne ke yanke shawarar abin da ke tafiya cikin wannan jerin. Uwar garken yanar gizo a kan wannan lamba tana amfani da tsarin aikace-aikace daban, don haka raba tasha 443 yana sa su biyun su yi kamar ɗaya ga tacewa kuma ba fiye da haka ba. Lambar alama ce da tacewa ke karantawa, ba siffa ce da ke canza abin da fakitin ke ɗauka ba. Ɗaukar su biyun a matsayin ɗaya saboda suna raba tasha shine kuskuren da ke bayan yawancin rikicewar nan.
Na'urorin tsakiya ba kasafai suke yanke shawara mai sauƙi ta yarda-ko-hana game da tasha ba. Da yawa suna duba baytai na farko, wasu suna ɗaure manufa, wasu kuma suna sake saita haɗin da ya daɗe a buɗe. Shi ya sa fayil ɗaya zai iya aiki daga wata cibiya kuma ya ƙare da lokaci daga wata, kuma shi ya sa ya kamata a gwada madadin a matsayin zaɓi da ake goyon baya maimakon amincewa da shi a matsayin alkawari. Lokacin da tacewa ta duba zirga-zirga, lambar tasha ita ce kawai abin farko da take kallo.
Tabbatar da mai saurara kafin ka taɓa fayil ɗin
Dole uwar garken ta kasance an saita ta don TCP a tashar, kuma fayil ɗin abokin ciniki dole ya nemi wannan jigilar. Sake rubuta fayil ɗin UDP don neman TCP ba ya ƙirƙirar mai saurara, kuma ƙarewar lokacin da ke biyo baya ba za a iya bambanta shi da katangar wuta da ke watsar da tashar ba. Zazzage nasu fayil ɗin TCP na mai gudanarwa idan akwai, domin wasu sabis suna wallafa wuri daban da kuma saitunan asali daban ga kowace jigilar. Gyara da hannu yana da kyau ga gwaji da aka sarrafa kuma hanya ce mara kyau ta hasashen tsarin da mai bayarwa ya nufa.
Ɓangarorin biyu na wannan daidaito suna bayyana a cikin tsarin, kuma zaɓuɓɓukan haɗi na aikin OpenVPN sun rubuta duka sifofin biyu. Ƙaramin nau'i biyu yana kama da haka:
# server: accept TCP on this port
proto tcp-server
port 443
# client: request the same transport
proto tcp
remote vpn.example.com 443Sharuɗɗa uku ne ke yanke shawara ko madadin zai biya
Sharadi na farko shi ne mai gudanarwa ya bayar da jigilar kwata-kwata; in babu shi, babu wani abin da ke da muhimmanci. Na biyu shi ne hanya ta riƙe zaman dogon lokaci a raye, domin wasu cibiyoyi suna sake saita haɗin da ya kasance a buɗe maimakon toshe tashar gaba ɗaya. Na uku shi ne ko madadin keɓewa ne da gangan ko kuma magani na wucin gadi da ke ɓoye lahani da ba ka gyara ba.
Kowane sharadi yana da arha dubawa. Kasawa a kowane ɗaya daga cikinsu yana kama da ɗaya daga wajen abokin ciniki:
| Condition | How to check it | What a failure decides |
|---|---|---|
| The server offers TCP | The operator's profile list, or a listening-socket check on the server | No client-side edit can help |
| The path keeps long sessions | A test connection left open for an hour | Reconnects will look like server faults |
| The fallback is deliberate | A change record naming the UDP fault | The underlying fault stays invisible |
Kafin ka kwatanta jigila, kammala duk wata shiga a tashar kama. Cibiyar da ba ta yarda da na'urarka ba tana toshe duka jigilolin biyu, sannan kwatancen yana auna tashar kama maimakon rami. Shiga, tabbatar da bincike na yau da kullum yana aiki, sannan ka fara gwajin.
Kuɗin da kuke yarda da shi: TCP cikin TCP
TCP yana sake aika ɓatattun sassa kuma yana kiyaye tsarinsu. Lokacin da aikace-aikacen da shi ma ke amfani da TCP yana gudana cikin ramin TCP, matakan murmurewa biyu suna amsa irin wannan asarar, kuma wannan hulɗar ce ke sa ramin ya ji jinkiri a kan hanya mai asara. Alamar ita ce jinkiri da jijjiga maimakon kasawa mai tsabta, wanda ke sauƙaƙa zargin ƙarshen nesa. Auna daga wajen abokin ciniki a ƙarƙashin duka jigilolin biyu kafin ka yanke hukunci.
UDP yana guje wa wannan nishigewa, kuma shine babban dalilin da masu gudanarwa suka fi son shi kuma suke bayar da TCP kawai a matsayin madadi. Haɗin TCP mai tsayin daka har yanzu ya fi amfani fiye da haɗin UDP da ba a isa ba, don haka kwatancen yana tsakanin kuɗi biyu na gaske ba tsakanin zaɓi mai kyau da mara kyau ba. Rike na'urar da hanyar shiga a tsaye yayin da kuke kwatantawa, in ba haka ba sakamakon zai bayyana madaidaicin da ba daidai ba.
Wasu fasalolin abokin ciniki an rubuta su ne kawai don jigila ɗaya, don haka fayil ɗin madadi na iya barin ɗabi'ar da ka dogara da ita a hankali. Karanta bukatar jigilar zaɓin kafin ka ɗauki fayil ɗin TCP a matsayin musanya kai tsaye.
Lahani da wata jigila ba ta taɓa
Takardar shaidar da ta ƙare har yanzu tana buƙatar duba agogo ko sabuntawa, kuma asusun da aka ƙi har yanzu yana buƙatar sahihan bayanan shiga. Ka riƙe dubawar asalin uwar garke da mai gudanarwa ya bayar, domin sanannen lambar tasha ba ta tabbatar da kowa ba. Tashar da ke amsawa tana faɗin kawai cewa wani abu yana saurara.
Idan ramin ya tashi kuma wuraren da za a kai har yanzu suna kasawa, sauran matsalar ita ce turawa ko warware suna bayan haɗin, ba jigila ba. Bi wannan hanya maimakon juya cikin tashoshi, domin haka rana ɗaya take ɓacewa. Fayil ɗin yana gaya maka wace jigila za ka gwada; ba ya taɓa gaya maka dalilin da hanya UDP ta kasa.