I-VPNv4 phakathi kwama-AS: okudingwa isivumelwano sokudluliswa kwelebula
Ilebula le-VPNv4 phakathi kwama-AS lisho izinto ezihlukene kumamodeli ahlukene. Khomba imodeli, landela umzila owodwa, futhi uhlole zombili iziphetho ngaphambi kokuthemba isibonisi.
Ukufunda ilebula le-VPNv4 kumshini womngcele we-AS akukutshelanga okuningi kuze kube yilapho wazi ukuthi lolu dlelano lusebenzisa iliphi imodeli ye-AS. Ilebula akusilo isici somzila ngokwawo; libhala isivumelwano mayelana nokufakwa kanye nokulethwa phakathi kwamamishini amabili. Khomba imodeli ngaphambi kokufunda isibonisi. Uma kungenjalo, uhlola iphutha esivumelwaneni okungekho muntu okubhalile.
Imodeli esetshenziswa umngcele
Isakhiwo se-VRF-kuya-VRF sihlanganisa ama-VRF ahambisanayo ngokuxhumana okuhleliwe. Uhlangothi ngalunye lubona olunye njengomakhelwane wasekhona kwekilayenti futhi bashintshana ngemizila evamile ye-IPv4, ngakho-ke akukho okudinga i-MPLS kulowo mngcele.
Isakhiwo sesibili sishintshana ngemizila ye-VPNv4 enelebula phakathi kwamamishini womngcele ngokwawo. Lokho kusebenza kuphela uma kukhona indlela yokushintsha ilebula ehambisanayo kulo lonke uxhumano kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwephuzu lomzila kanye nemodeli yokwethemba evunywa yizinhlangothi zombili. Uma enye yalezi zingxenye ingekho, imodeli ayisetshenziswa, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukucushwa kusho ini.
Isakhiwo sesithathu sisabalalisa ukufinyeleleka kwe-PE enelebula ngenkathi imizila ye-VPN ihamba phakathi kweziphetho noma ama-reflector omzila phakathi kwama-AS. Ngakunye kwalokhu kuthathu kushiya umsebenzi ohlukile emngceleni, futhi ukuhlanganisa indiza yokulawula yokunye nokucatshangelwa kwesixhumi kwenye kuwukwehluleka kwakudala. Lokho kungafani kuvame ukuvela njengelebula elibonakala lilungile kolunye uhlangothi bese linyamalala kolunye.
Funda iprefikhi eyodwa kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube sekugcineni
Thatha iprefikhi yekilayenti eyodwa egunyaziwe bese uyihamba yonke. Bheka lokho okwamenyezelwa, lokho okwafika, isinyathelo esilandelayo, ilebula kanye nenqubomgomo yokungenisa eyayamukele. Bese ubheka ukuthi umshini uxazulula kanjani ukudluliswa okuya kuleso sinyathelo esilandelayo, ngoba yilapho ilebula liphenduka iphakethe. Uma ushiya ingxenye eyodwa, uchaza indiza yokulawula okungenzeka ingahambi thrafikhi. Ukufundwa kokubili kunencazelo kuphela uma kuhlangene.
Le nombolo ingeyendawo. Inencazelo maqondana nomshini owabela yona kanye nomzila oletha amaphakethe lapho, yingakho inani elifanayo lingavela kabili futhi lisho izinto ezimbili ezihlukene. Liqhathanise nalokho uhlangothi olwamukelayo oluthi lwakuthola.
Ilebula lingeyendawo, kanjalo nesithembiso
Amandla ahlolwa kuzo zombili iziphetho zoxhumano, hhayi kwesinye. Umyalo kusixhumi sakho awenzi lutho kusixhumi somhlinzeki ongumakhelwane, futhi umzila owamukelwa yi-BGP awubopheli umakhelwane ngokwawo ukuthi adlulise iphakethe elinelebula.
I-RFC 4364 ikhawulela ukuxhumana kwe-VPNv4 enelebula ezakhiweni ezithembekile futhi ixwayisa ngokwamukela amalebula angakaze amenyezelwe kulelo hlobo lokuxhumana. Lokho kuyisitatimende sokuphepha njengoba kuyisitatimende seprotocol. Gcina ubudlelwano bomzila we-inthanethi yomphakathi buqhelelene nokushintshana ngemizila ye-VPN yangasese. Uma uxhumano luyi-IP nje, ungakulindeli ukuthi noma yiliphi ilebula lizodlula kulo. Futhi lapho isixhumanisi sinelebula, qinisekisa ukuthi ilebula langaphandle lokuthutha lishintshwa ngendlela efanele kuso sonke isinyathelo.
Ilebula elibonakala lilungile kolunye uhlangothi bese linyamalala kolunye ngokuvamile ilokho kungafani, hhayi iphutha lomzila.
Okufanele kubhalwe phansi ekwamukelweni
Ukwamukela kuwukuhlolwa kwephakethe, hhayi ukubuyekezwa kwethebula. Landela iphakethe lekilayenti lingene kwi-VRF ekude bese ulandela impendulo yalo libuyela emuva, bese ubhala phansi ukuthi lolu dlelano lusebenzisa yiphi imodeli. Engeza abaphethe ukudlelana kuzo zombili izinhlangothi kanye nokuthi umngcele uthwala i-IP nje noma ithrafikhi enelebula.
Leyo nothi yiyo evumela umqhubi olandelayo ukuthi afunde leso sibonisi selebula ngendlela efanele. Ngaphandle kwayo imodeli icatshangelwa kusukela kukucushwa, futhi izicatshangelwa eziqageliwe ziyindlela okugqama ngayo iphutha elifanayo.isigaba se-RFC 4364 phakathi kwama-AS yilapho kunqunywa khona ukuthi kwakuhloswe yiphi imodeli.