Isivakashi se-Hyper-V silahlekelwa i-DNS lapho i-VPN yomsingathi ixhuma

Isivakashi sasilungile namhlanje ekuseni. Bese umsingathi eqalisa i-Cisco AnyConnect futhi i-VM yalahlekelwa i-DNS, ukuthembela kwesizinda kanye nefolda eyabiwe, ngaphandle kokuthi kushintshe okuthile ngaphakathi kwayo. Umhubhe womsingathi kanye nenethiwekhi yesivakashi kuyimigwaqo ehlukene, futhi ukuxhuma okukodwa akuhambisi okunye. Sebenza ngaphakathi kwesivakashi ukuya ngaphandle, futhi bhala lokho okubonayo ngaphambi kokushintsha noma yini.

Lokho isivakashi esakwazi ukukubona

Rekhoda ikheli, isango elimisiwe kanye nesixazululi ku-VM, kanye ngaphambi kokuthi umsingathi axhume futhi kanye ngemuva kwalokho. Isivakashi esigcine ikheli futhi salahlekelwa kuphela ukuxazululwa kwamagama sinekhompiyutha yesixazululi. Isivakashi esingakaze sibe nomzila sinekhompiyutha yomzila, futhi kokubili kudinga umsebenzi ohlukene. Kusukela kumsingathi awukwazi ukuhlukanisa, ngakho-ke ukufunda kufanele kuvele ngaphakathi.

Lokho kufundwa okuthathu, okuthathwe kabili, iyisisekelo sakho. Konke okulandela kulinganiswa nakho.

Isivakashi sisebenzisa iphi indlela yokuphuma

I-Hyper-V iphendula lokhu ngemiyalo emibili: Get-VMSwitch ibala amaswishi, futhi Get-VMNetworkAdapter -VMName TestVM ikhombisa lowo isivakashi esixhunywe kuwo. I-Default Switch iyinethiwekhi ye-NAT ephethwe yi-Windows; iswishi yangaphandle inikela ithrafikhi ku-adaptha ebonakalayo; iswishi yangaphakathi ayithwali lutho kuze kube umuntu engeza i-NAT noma umhambisi. I-VirtualBox yethula imibono emithathu efanayo njenge-NAT, NAT Network kanye ne-bridged.

Imodi inquma ukuthi umhubhe womsingathi ungaba nokubaluleka noma cha. Isivakashi se-NAT sihunyushwa yi-WinNAT bese sidluliselwa isitaki somsingathi, ngakho-ke silandela ithebula lomzila womsingathi; ngeklayenti yomhubhe ogcwele ithrafikhi yayo iyithrafikhi engena ku-adaptha ye-VPN, futhi iyalahlwa lapho iklayenti ivimba isubneti yasendaweni. Isivakashi esiboshwe ngeswishi yangaphandle asifinyeleli ukuhlela umzila komsingathi: amafreyimu aso aphuma ngqo ku-NIC ebonakalayo, ngakho-ke sidlula umhubhe kanye nenqubomgomo ye-LAN yasendaweni yeklayenti.

Yabelana ngomhubhe womsingathi ne-Hyper-V

Uma isivakashi sidinga umhubhe futhi singakwazi ukusebenzisa iklayenti yaso, i-Windows ingabelana ngoxhumano lwe-VPN. Vula izici ze-adaptha ye-VPN, iya kokwabiwe, futhi vumela abanye abasebenzisi benethiwekhi ukuthi baxhumane ngayo. Khomba uxhumano lwenethiwekhi yasekhaya ku-adaptha ye-Hyper-V, vEthernet (Default Switch), bese uhlola isicelo esisha ngaphakathi kwesivakashi.

Thatha leli lungiselelo njengesixazululo selabhu, ngoba liziphatha kanjalo. Kufanele lisetshenziswe futhi ngemuva kokunqamuka, ukuxhuma kabusha noma ukuqalisa kabusha umsingathi. Kwamanye amakhi e-Windows 11 i-adaptha ayikho ngokuphelele ohlwini lwephoyi, futhi lapho le ndlela ivaliwe.

Ukufaka kabusha isici se-Hyper-V kusindise izivakashi ezimbalwa eziqinile. Gcina lokho kwasekugcineni, futhi qala ngokubhala isimo sesivakashi.

Ukudlulisela amachweba lapho isubneti ihlungiwe

I-VPN yomsingathi ehlunga isubneti ye-NAT yesivakashi yephula ukufinyelela okuqondile, hhayi ukuxazululwa kwamagama. I-VM iyasebenza, kodwa ssh [email protected] iyaxhuga, kuyilapho ukuhunyushwa kwe-hypervisor kusasebenza. Dlulisela amachweba adingwa umsebenzi futhi uxhume nekheli lomsingathi esikhundleni salokho. Imigqa ye-Vagrantfile engezansi ihlanganisa i-SSH kanye nensiza eyodwa ye-HTTPS; kokubili kufakwa ngaphambi kokulayisha kabusha.

config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 22, host: 22
config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 3443, host: 3443

Ukuxazululwa kwamagama kuyisinqumo esihlukile futhi kufanele ukulungiswa kwaso. Vula isici sesixazululi somsingathi sale adaptha ye-NAT, noma lungiselela iseva ye-DNS yangaphakathi ngaphakathi kwesivakashi ngesandla. Ukukhomba isivakashi kusixazululi somphakathi kwenza ukuphequlula kusebenze futhi kwephula wonke amagama angaphakathi, okuyinto embi kunokuphazamiseka ngoba kubonakala njengempumelelo. Hlola igama elaziwa kuphela isixazululi sangaphakathi.

Ukuhlola okukutshela ukuthi kusebenzile

Ngemuva kwanoma yiluphi lwalolu shintsho, sebenzisa isicelo esisha ngaphakathi kwesivakashi lapho i-VPN yomsingathi ixhunyiwe, hhayi ngaphambili. Hlola kabusha ukwabelana ngemuva kokuxhuma kabusha nangemuva kokuqalisa kabusha, ngoba ukulungiswa okusinda kokunye kuphela akukona ukulungiswa. Qinisekisa ukuthi uhlu lwezixazululi zesivakashi luhambisana nenethiwekhi ethrafikhi yayo eyisebenzisa ngempela. Bese uhlola ukudluliselwa kwamachweba kusukela ekhelini lomsingathi, ngoba ukukuhlola kusukela kusivakashi akufakazi lutho. Ngaphakathi kwesivakashi, izahlolo ezimbili ze-PowerShell zihlanganisa isixazululi kanye nechweba elidlulisiwe:

Resolve-DnsName intranet.corp
Test-NetConnection 192.0.2.10 -Port 22

Bhala zonke izinguquko zeswishi noma zedrayiver kanye nesinyathelo sokusihlehlisa. Umhlahlandlela we-Microsoft mayelana ne-Hyper-V NAT uchaza ukuthi i-Default Switch iyini ngempela, futhi kufanele ifundwe ngaphambi kokuthi wakhe inethiwekhi yesibili ye-NAT ephikisana nayo.