Marta Hyper-V waxay lumisaa DNS marka VPN-ka martigeliyaha xirmo

Martida ayaa fiicanayd subaxdan. Kadib martigeliyaha wuxuu kiciyay Cisco AnyConnect oo VM-kii wuxuu lumiyay DNS, kalsoonaanta domain-ka iyo folder-ka la wadaago, iyada oo aan waxba gudaha ka beddelmin. Tunnel-ka martigeliyaha iyo shabakadda martida waa waddooyin kala duwan, midna xirid ma rarto tan kale. Ka shaqee gudaha martida oo u bax banaanka, oo qor waxa aad aragto ka hor inta aadan wax beddelin.

Waxa martida weli arki karto

Diiwaan geli cinwaanka, gateway-ga caadiga ah iyo xalliyaha VM-ka, hal mar ka hor inta martigeliyaha xirmo iyo hal mar kadib. Martida cinwaankeeda haysata oo kaliya lumisay xallinta magacyada waxay leedahay dhibaato xalliye. Martida aan waligeed waddo lahayn waxay leedahay dhibaato waddo, labaduna waxay u baahan yihiin shaqo kala duwan. Martigeliyaha kama kala saari kartid labada, sidaas darteed akhrinta waa in ay gudaha ka timaaddo.

Saddexdaas akhrin, laba jeer la qaaday, waa khadkaaga aasaasiga ah. Wax kasta oo dambe waxaa lagu cabbiraa iyaga.

Martidu meeji bax ayay isticmaalaysaa

Hyper-V waxay tan kaga jawaabtaa laba amar: Get-VMSwitch wuxuu taxaa switch-yada, iyo Get-VMNetworkAdapter -VMName TestVM wuxuu muujiyaa kan martidu ku xiran tahay. Default Switch waa shabakad NAT oo Windows maamusho; switch dibadda ah wuxuu taraafikada u dhiibaa adapter jireed; switch gudaha ah waxba ma qaado ilaa qof ku daro NAT ama router. VirtualBox waxay soo bandhigtaa saddexdaas fikradood sida NAT, NAT Network iyo bridged.

Qaabka ayaa go'aamiya haddii tunnel-ka martigeliyaha uu muhiim noqon karo. Martida NAT waxaa tarjuma WinNAT kadibna stack-ka martigeliyaha ayaa u gudbiya, sidaas darteed waxay raacdaa shaxda waddooyinka martigeliyaha; marka macmiil tunnel buuxa leh, taraafikadeeda waa taraafikada gasha adapter-ka VPN, oo waa la tuuraa marka macmiilku xannibo subnet-ka gudaha. Martida buundo ku taal switch dibadda ah waligeed ma gaarto waddooyinka martigeliyaha: frame-yadeeda waxay si toos ah uga baxaan NIC jireed, sidaas darteed waxay dhaaftaa tunnel-ka iyo siyaasadda LAN gudaha macmiilka labadaba.

La wadaagista tunnel-ka martigeliyaha Hyper-V

Haddii martidu u baahan tahay tunnel-ka oo aanay kari karin macmiilkeeda, Windows waxay wadaagi kartaa xiriirka VPN. Fur sifooyinka adapter-ka VPN, tag Wadaagista, oo u ogolow isticmaalayaasha kale ee shabakadda in ay ku xirmaan. U jeedi xiriirka shabakadda guriga adapter-ka Hyper-V, vEthernet (Default Switch), kadibna tijaabi codsi cusub gudaha martida.

U qaado habayntan sidii xal shaybaadh, sababtoo ah sidaas ayay u dhaqantaa. Waa in dib loo dabaqo ka dib go'itaan, dib u xirid ama dib u kicinta martigeliyaha. Qaar ka mid ah dhismayaasha Windows 11 adapter-ka gabi ahaanba kama maqan yahay liiska hoos-u-dhaca, markaasna waddadan waa xiran tahay.

Dib u rakibidda astaanta Hyper-V waxay badbaadisay dhowr marti oo adag. Tan u kaydi ugu dambeysa, oo marka hore qor xaaladda martida.

U gudbinta dekedaha marka subnet-ka la sifeeyo

VPN martigeliyaha oo sifeeya subnet-ka NAT ee martida waxay jebisaa gelitaanka tooska ah, ma aha xallinta magacyada. VM-ku wuu shaqeynayaa, haddana ssh [email protected] wuu laalaadaa, halka tarjumaadda hypervisor-ku weli shaqeyneyso. U gudbi dekedaha shaqadu u baahan tahay oo ku xir cinwaanka martigeliyaha halkii. Sadarrada Vagrantfile ee hoose waxay daboolaan SSH iyo hal adeeg HTTPS; labadaba waxaa lagu daraa ka hor dib u rakibidda.

config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 22, host: 22
config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 3443, host: 3443

Xallinta magacyada waa go'aan gaar ah oo u baahan hagaajinteeda. Daar astaanta xalliyaha martigeliyaha ee adapter-kaas NAT, ama si gacan ah u habee server-ka DNS gudaha martida. U jeedinta martida xalliye dadweyne waxay ka dhigtaa baaritaanku inuu shaqeeyo oo jebisaa magac kasta oo gudaha ah, taas oo ka xun go'itaanka sababtoo ah waxay u eg tahay guul. Tijaabi magac ay kaliya yaqaan xalliyaha gudaha.

Hubinta sheegta inuu shaqeeyay

Ka dib mid kasta oo ka mid ah isbeddeladan, ku socodsii codsi cusub gudaha martida iyada oo VPN-ka martigeliyaha xiran yahay, ma aha ka hor. Dib u hubi wadaagista ka dib dib u xirid iyo ka dib dib u kicin, sababtoo ah hagaajin ka badbaadda mid kaliya oo ka mid ah ma aha hagaajin. Xaqiiji in liiska xalliyaha martida uu u dhigmaa shabakadda taraafikadeedu dhab ahaan isticmaasho. Kadib tijaabi u gudbinta dekedaha cinwaanka martigeliyaha, sababtoo ah ka tijaabinta martida waxba ma caddeyso. Gudaha martida, laba hubin PowerShell ayaa daboolaya xalliyaha iyo dekedda la gudbiyay:

Resolve-DnsName intranet.corp
Test-NetConnection 192.0.2.10 -Port 22

Qor isbeddel kasta oo switch ama driver ah oo ay la socoto tallaabada dib u noqodka. Hagaha Microsoft ee ku saabsan Hyper-V NAT wuxuu sharraxayaa waxa Default Switch dhab ahaan yahay, waana mudan in la akhriyo ka hor inta aadan abuurin shabakad NAT labaad oo khilaafsan.