Indlela ukutholwa kwe-VPN ne-proxy okusebenza ngayo, nokuthi kuwohloka kuphi
Uhlu lwe-IP, ama-API edumela kanye nezigxivizo zeminwe kwehluleka ngezindlela ezihlukene. Nquma ukuthi iyiphi imisebenzi engafanele oyimisayo, linganisa okungelona iqiniso, bese ukuphoqelela ngekhodi yesizathu.
Uma othile ebuza ukuthi ungavimba kanjani abasebenzisi be-VPN, izicelo ezintathu ezihlukene zicashe emshweni: misa ukukhwabanisa, misa ukugaya, noma phoqelela umngcele welayisense. Ngayinye ibekezelela izinga lephutha elihlukile, futhi akukho neyodwa ephendulwa ngokwazi ukuthi ikheli lingelomhubhe yini. Lokho okubuyiselwa yisihlukanisi kungenzeka mayelana nengqalasizinda, hhayi isitatimende ngomuntu oyisebenzisayo.
Isihlukanisi se-IP sibala ini ngempela
Iningi lezinsizakalo lihlanganisa imithombo emine yedatha, futhi lyaguga ngezinga elihlukile. Uhlu lokuphuma lwe-Tor luvela esivumelwaneni sencwadi futhi lucishe luphelele uma luhlezi lukhona. Uhlu lwe-proxy evulekile luyingxenye futhi luguga ezinsukwini. Uhlu lokuphuma lwezohwebo lusala ngemuva kwabahlinzeki abasha ngokwakhiwa, ngoba amakheli ajikeleza ngokushesha kunalokho umthengisi angakwazi ukuwuhlola. Ukuqagela kwebanga lokupakisha yisignali eshibhile nesihluke kakhulu.
Yilo lokugcina okuyindawo lapho iningi leziphambeko zivela khona. Ukuphuma kwezinkampani, iziphequluli ezipakishwe efwini, i-NAT yekhampasi kanye namasango ezinkampani zocingo konke kubukeka njengokupakisha noma ingqalasizinda yabiwe, futhi ngakunye kungaqukatha amakhasimende ajwayelekile.
| Signal | What it shows | Typical failure |
|---|---|---|
| Tor exit consensus | A known exit relay | Good coverage, obvious to anyone who cares |
| Hosting or datacentre ASN | Infrastructure, not a home line | Flags corporate egress and cloud browsers |
| Commercial exit list | A provider's current ranges | Always behind new providers and rotations |
| Behavioural rate | What the client is doing | Needs tuning, but survives address changes |
I-IPv6 isusa konke ukunethezeka okusele. Ikhasimende lingaba nekheli elihlukile kuxhumano ngalunye, futhi umhlinzeki angajikeleza isiqalo phakathi kwezicelo, ngakho umthetho othatha ikheli njengobunikazi obuhlala njalo uzosuka ebucayini phakathi namasonto.
Kungani izigxivizo zeminwe zeprotocol zibuna
Umehluko we-MSS nesikhathi kungathola ezinye OpenVPN izilungiselelo, futhi indlela iyantekenteke ngempela. Isignali incike kuzinketho ezilawulwa umsebenzisi, i-MTU yendlela kanye namabhokisi aphakathi okungewona awakho. Shintsha ikhodi eyodwa noma umkhawulo we-MSS owodwa futhi isigxivizo seminwe siyasuka. Umhlinzeki okhipha okuzenzakalelayo okusha wenza okufanayo emthethweni wakho ngobusuku obubodwa.
Izihloli eziphambene zinenkinga embi kakhulu kunobuthaka: zinolaka. Ukuskena izimbobo zesivakashi kuhamba kancane, kuvinjelwa kalula i-firewall yezinkampani efanayo okuhlezi ngemuva kwayo amakhasimende akho, futhi kunzima ukuyivikela ekubuyekezweni kobumfihlo. Imikhawulo yokubambezeleka ibamba abasebenzisi abakude ngendlela ethembekile njengabasebenzisi bomhubhe, okusho ukuthi umthetho wakho empeleni uthi «vimba abantu abakude» ngenye ilebula.
Noma yini oyikhethayo, kufanele ukwazi ukuyichaza kumeluleki wosekelo ngehora lesi-2 ebusuku. Isignali okungekho muntu ongayichaza iba ukuvinjelwa okungekho muntu ongakukhulula. Bhala incazelo ngaphambi kokubhala umthetho, hhayi ngemuva kwesikhalazo sokuqala.
Ubunikazi nokuziphatha kunqoba ukuqagela ngokungaziwa
Imikhawulo yesivinini, izidingo zokungena, ukuhlolwa kokukhokha kanye nezabelo zekhodi ngayinye zibhekana nokusetshenziswa kabi ngaphandle kokujezisa abafundi abakhathazeka ngobumfihlo. Ziyaqhubeka nokusebenza uma ikheli lishintsha, ngoba zinamathela entweni ikhasimende elingakwazi ukuyijikeleza mahhala.
Uma umkhawulo wendawo uyimfuneko yelayisense, uwuphoqelele njengenqubomgomo ebhaliwe enomlayezo ocacile wephutha kanye nokubuyekezwa ngezikhathi. Lokho kuwukulawula okuhlukile ekuqageleni ukungaziwa, futhi kufanele kuchazwe ngendlela ehlukile embhalweni obheke ikhasimende. Ukuvimba izimbobo ezisetshenziswa iprotocol ye-VPN kungase kunciphise ukusetshenziswa kabi okuzenzakalelayo, kodwa futhi kwephula ukufinyelela kude okusemthethweni futhi noma ubani ozimisele uyakweqa kalula.
Qala uyethule njengesilinganiso
Gijimisa isihlukanisi kumodi yombiko kuphela amasonto ambalwa. Qhathanisa inani labantu elingayivimba nokubhalisa, ukuguqulwa kanye namathikithi oseketo, bese ubeka isabelomali seziphambeko ngaphambi kokubeka umkhawulo.
Phinda uhlole ngesethi encane eyaziwayo: uxhumano lwasekhaya, inkampani yocingo, ukuphuma kwenkampani kanye ne-VPN yezohwebo. Izimo ezine zidalula iningi lamaphutha ebelingafinyelela kumakhasimende, futhi zibiza intambama eyodwa.
Hlukanisa isignali eluhlaza nesinqumo sokuphoqelela. Bhala umphumela ngisho nomkhawulo uphakeme, qondisa ingxenye ephakathi engacacile emgqeni wabantu, futhi faka ikhodi yesizathu kuko konke ukuvinjelwa ukuze ukubuyekezwa kwenqubomgomo okulandelayo kukwazi ukusho ukuthi iyiphi isignali efanele indawo yayo.
Indlela yokudlulisa isikhalazo iyingxenye yokulawula
Konke ukuvinjelwa okuzenzakalelayo kudinga indlela yomuntu: ikheli lokuxhumana, isikhathi sokuphendula esishiwo kanye nomnikazi wokubuyekezwa oshiwo ngegama. Ngaphandle kwalokho, isiphambeko siba ikhasimende elahlekile buthule kanye nethikithi loseketo okungekho muntu ongathatha isinyathelo kulo.
Shono ngokucacile ukuthi ukufinyelela kungase kukhawulwe, ngani, nokuthi ungacela kanjani ukubuyekezwa. Faka inguqulo yenqubomgomo ukuze useketo lukwazi ukusho ukuthi yimuphi umthetho owawusebenza ngosuku oluthile. Ukuvinjelwa ongakwazi ukukuchaza, ukukukhulula noma ukukulinganisa akulona ukulawula; kuwukuqagela okunomugqa wokubhalwa.