Yadda gano VPN da proxy ke aiki, da inda yake kasawa
Jerin IP, API na suna da sawun yatsa suna kasawa daban-daban. Ku yanke shawara wace cin zarafi kuke dakatarwa, ku auna faifan kuskure, sannan ku aiwatar da lambar dalili.
Lokacin da wani ya tambaya yadda za a toshe masu amfani da VPN, buƙatu uku daban-daban na ɓoye a cikin jumlar: dakatar da zamba, dakatar da tarkace, ko aiwatar da iyakar lasisi. Kowace tana jure wa wani adadin kuskure daban, kuma ba a amsa ɗayansu ta hanyar sanin ko adireshi na rami ne. Abin da mai rarrabawa ke mayarwa shine yiwuwar game da kayan more rayuwa, ba magana ba game da mutumin da ke amfani da ita.
Abin da mai rarrabawa IP ke lissafta da gaske
Yawancin ayyuka suna haɗa tushen bayanai huɗu, kuma suna tsufa da sauri daban-daban. Jerin fitar Tor suna fitowa daga yarjejeniyar jagorar kuma sun kusa cikawa muddin tana nan. Jerin buɗaɗɗen proxy ɓangare ne kuma suna tsufa cikin kwanaki. Jerin fitar cinikayya suna baya ga sabbin masu bayarwa bisa ƙira, domin adireshi suna juyawa da sauri fiye da yadda kowane mai sayarwa zai iya ratsa su. Hasashen kewayon ɗaukar gida shine siga mafi arha kuma mafi ƙarancin wayo.
Na ƙarshe shine inda yawancin faifan kuskure ke haihuwa. Fitar kamfanoni, masu bincike da aka ɗauka a girgije, NAT na harabar makaranta da ƙofofin kamfanonin wayar hannu duk suna kama da ɗaukar gida ko kayan more rayuwa da aka raba, kuma kowannensu na iya ƙunsar abokan ciniki na yau da kullum.
| Signal | What it shows | Typical failure |
|---|---|---|
| Tor exit consensus | A known exit relay | Good coverage, obvious to anyone who cares |
| Hosting or datacentre ASN | Infrastructure, not a home line | Flags corporate egress and cloud browsers |
| Commercial exit list | A provider's current ranges | Always behind new providers and rotations |
| Behavioural rate | What the client is doing | Needs tuning, but survives address changes |
IPv6 yana kawar da duk sauran jin daɗi. Abokin ciniki na iya samun adireshi daban ga kowace haɗi, kuma mai bayarwa na iya juya prefix tsakanin buƙatu, don haka ƙa'idar da ke ɗaukar adireshi a matsayin ainihi mai dorewa za ta yi nisa da gaskiya cikin makonni.
Me yasa sawun yatsa na yarjejeniya ke lalacewa
Bambance-bambancen MSS da lokaci na iya gano wasu OpenVPN kuma dabarar tana da rauni sosai. Sigar ya dogara da zaɓuɓɓukan da mai amfani ke sarrafawa, da MTU na hanya, da akwatunan tsakiya waɗanda ba naka ba. Canza wani sirri ko wani iyakar MSS kuma sawun yatsa yana motsawa. Mai bayarwa da ke aika sabon tsoho yana yin haka ga ƙa'idarka cikin dare ɗaya.
Bincike na baya yana da matsala mafi muni fiye da rauni: suna da gaba. Skanin tashoshin baƙo yana da jinkiri, ana iya toshe shi cikin sauƙi da wannan katangar wuta ta kamfani da abokan cinikinka ke zaune a bayanta, kuma yana da wahala a kare shi a bitar sirri. Ƙofofin jinkiri suna kama masu amfani da nisa kamar yadda suke kama masu amfani da rami, wanda ke nufin ƙa'idarka a zahiri ita ce «toshe mutanen da suke nesa» da wata alama daban.
Duk abin da ka zaɓa, dole ne ka iya bayyana shi ga wakilin tallafi da ƙarfe 2 na dare. Sigar da babu wanda zai iya kwatanta ta tana zama toshewar da babu wanda zai iya soke ta. Rubuta bayanin kafin ka rubuta ƙa'idar, ba bayan ƙarar farko ba.
Ainihi da ɗabi'a sun fi hasashen ɓoyewa ƙarfi
Iyakokin sauri, buƙatun shiga, binciken biyan kuɗi da kaso na kowane asusu suna magance cin zarafi ba tare da ladabtar da masu karatu da suka damu da sirri ba. Suna kuma ci gaba da aiki idan adireshi ya canza, domin suna manne da wani abu da abokin ciniki ba zai iya juyawa kyauta ba.
Idan ƙuntatawar yanki buƙatar lasisi ce, aiwatar da ita a matsayin manufa da aka rubuta tare da bayanin kuskure bayyananne da bita na lokaci-lokaci. Wannan wani iko ne daban da hasashen ɓoyewa, kuma ya kamata a kwatanta shi daban a cikin rubutun da ke fuskantar abokin ciniki. Toshe tashoshin da wata yarjejeniyar VPN ke amfani da su na iya rage cin zarafi na atomatik, amma kuma yana karya ingantaccen shiga daga nesa kuma duk wanda ya ƙulla niyya yana tsallake shi cikin sauƙi.
Fara aiwatar da shi a matsayin ma'auni
Gudanar da mai rarrabawa a yanayin rahoto kawai na makonni biyu. Kwatanta yawan mutanen da zai toshe da rajista, sauye-sauye da tikitin tallafi, sannan ka saita kasafin faifan kuskure kafin ka saita ƙofa.
Sake gwadawa da ƙaramin sanannen saiti: haɗin gida, kamfanin wayar hannu, fitar kamfani da VPN na kasuwanci. Shari'o'i huɗu suna fallasa yawancin kurakurai da za su isa abokan ciniki, kuma suna kashe la'asar ɗaya.
Ka raba sigar danye da shawarar aiwatarwa. Yi rikodin maki ko da ƙofar tana da tsayi, tura tsakiyar da ba ta bayyana ga jerin mutane, kuma yi wa kowane toshe alama da lambar dalili domin bitar manufa ta gaba ta iya faɗin wace siga ce ta cancanci matsayinta.
Hanyar ɗaukaka shari'a wani ɓangare ne na iko
Kowane toshe na atomatik yana buƙatar hanyar mutum: adireshin tuntuɓa, lokacin amsa da aka bayyana da mai bita mai suna. Idan babu, faifan kuskure shine abokin ciniki da aka rasa a shiru da tikitin tallafi da babu wanda zai iya yi masa wani abu.
Faɗa a fili cewa ana iya takaita shiga, me yasa, da yadda za a nemi bita. Yi sigar manufar domin tallafi ya iya faɗin wace ƙa'ida ta yi aiki a wata rana. Toshewar da ba za ka iya bayyanawa, soke ta ko auna ta ba iko ba ne; hasashe ne da layin log.