DMVPN isigaba 3: ukufunda indlela emfushane kuzinhlangothi zombili
I-ping eyodwa eqondile ayifakazi indlela emfushane ye-DMVPN isigaba 3. Hamba indlela yokuya neyokubuya, bese ufunda isimo se-NHRP, umzila kanye ne-IPsec ngokwehlukana.
Ubona i-ping eyodwa isuka ku-spoke iya ku-spoke, ithatha indlela ende nge-hub, kanti eyesibili ihamba ngqo. Kuyalingeka ukumemezela ukuthi indlela emfushane iyasebenza ngaleso sikhathi. Leso siphetho siqondile ngengxenye. Indlela yokuya ingaba indlela emfushane kuyilapho indlela yokubuya isahamba nge-hub, futhi isimo esifakazela uhlangothi ngalunye yisimo esihlukile. Hamba izinhlangothi zombili futhi ufunde amathebula amathathu ngaphambi kokwamukela umklamo njengophilile.
Qala ngomzila wephakethe owubonayo ngempela
Qala ku-spoke enendawo okufanele ibe ngqo. Landela iphakethe lokuqala: lilandela umzila we-spoke liya e-hub, ngoba ayikho indlela emfushane okwamanje. I-hub iyidlulisela phambili futhi, kumklamo wesigaba 3, iphinde ithumele ukuqondiswa kabusha emthonjeni okuthi ikhona indlela engcono.
Lokho kuqondiswa kabusha kuyisicupho, hhayi ubufakazi. Kuthi i-hub ibone ithrafikhi engathuthukiswa. Akuthi umthombo wakhe indlela emfushane, ukuthi indawo yaphendula ukuxazululwa, noma ukuthi indlela yempendulo iyisebenzisa.
Ngakho-ke umbono wokuqala ophumelelayo ungaphambi nangemuva: ukugeleza kokuqala nge-hub, ukugeleza kwamuva ngqo.
Izimo ezintathu ezibonakala njengomhubhe owodwa
Indlela emfushane incike ezingxenyeni ezintathu zesimo, futhi ngayinye inempilo yayo kanye nomyalo wayo.
| State | What it answers | Where to read it |
|---|---|---|
| NHRP cache | Which transport address maps to this overlay address | show ip nhrp |
| Route or shortcut | Where one specific inner prefix is forwarded | show ip route 10.10.20.5 |
| IPsec association | Which peer traffic is protected, and by which SA | show crypto ipsec sa peer 203.0.113.5 |
Okufakiwe kusizindalwazi se-NHRP kuxhumanisa ikheli le-overlay nekheli lokuthutha le-NBMA. Umzila noma indlela emfushane kunquma ukuthi indawo yangaphakathi iyiswa kuphi. Inhlangano ye-IPsec ivikela noma iyiphi ithrafikhi evelayo. Impendulo engekho ingavela kunoma yikuphi kwalokhu kuthathu, futhi imiyalo ikutshela ukuthi yikuphi okungekho.
Zifunde ngalolo hlelo, ngoba ukuxhumanisa okungekho kwenza ezinye ezimbili zingabi nasithakazelo.
Hamba isicelo nempendulo ngokwehlukana
Kusukela ku-spoke A, cela ukuxazululwa bese ubheka okubuyayo. Isicelo sihamba ngomzila wokudlulisela we-NHRP osekelwe, futhi indawo ingaphendula ngqo esikhundleni sokuhamba nge-hub. Lokho kungalingani kujwayelekile, futhi yingakho impendulo iyingxenye ethakazelisayo yokushintshana.
Manje shintsha izindima. Thumela kusukela ku-B kuya ku-A bese uphinda ukufunda okuthathu okufanayo. Umklamo owenza indlela emfushane ohlangothini olulodwa hhayi kolunye awulingani, futhi ukungalingani kuvame ukuvela kusihloko esingekho ohlangothini olulodwa noma ekuxazululweni okungazange kuthole impendulo.
Impendulo yomlingani akudingeki idlule ku-hub ngenxa nje yokuthi isicelo sidlule. Ungakufundi lokho njengephutha futhi ungaqali ukujaha iphutha lomzila elingekho.
Funda ukuqondiswa kabusha kwe-hub, hhayi umzila wayo kuphela
Ithebula lomzila we-hub likutshela ukuthi i-hub ingathumela iphakethe kuphi. Ukuqondiswa kabusha kukutshela ukuthi i-hub yacela umthombo ukuthi enze ini ngakho. Lezi ziqiniso ezihlukile, futhi i-hub enomzila olungile kodwa engathumeli ukuqondiswa kabusha izogcina konke ukugeleza endleleni ende ngokungenasiphetho. Hlola izehlakalo ze-NHRP ze-hub futhi uqinisekise ukuthi ukuqondiswa kabusha kuyakhiqizwa kuthrafikhi oyikhathalele.
Isigaba 3 siphinde sishintshe okushiwo ukufingqa. Ngokuziphatha kwendlela emfushane, ama-spoke awadingi isethi ephelele yemizila ekude ethile obekuyilindele umklamo wesigaba 2, ngakho umzila ofingqiwe ku-spoke awuwona ngokuzenzekelayo inethiwekhi engekho. Qinisekisa isigaba kanye nenqubomgomo yomzila ngaphambi kokufunda ukufingqa njengephutha.
Yilokhu kungaqondi okukodwa okudala amathikithi e-DMVPN amaningi kunanoma yini enye.
Rekhoda isiphetho njengento engekho
Qeda ngokugeleza kohlelo lokusebenza okugunyaziwe kanye nempendulo yako, futhi qaphela uhlangothi ngalunye ukuthi lusebenzise indlela eqondile yini. Bese ubhala isiphetho njengento eyayingekho: ukuxhumanisa, indlela emfushane yokudlulisela, inhlangano yokuvikela noma impendulo yohlelo lokusebenza.
Ubumelwane bomzila kanye nenhlangano yezokuphepha eyabiwe kuwubufakazi bezempilo, hhayi ubufakazi bomzila. Kokubili kungaphelela kuyilapho iphakethe ngalinye lisahamba indlela ende. Hlola isinqumo sokudlulisela kuqala, bese kuba inhlangano eyithwalayo. Ukulandelana kubalulekile, ngoba inhlangano yakheka noma kanjani.
Lowo mkhuba uyakhokhela kuthikithi elilandelayo. «Umhubhe uphakeme kodwa unensayo» uba «U-B akanayo indlela emfushane eya kusibungu se-A», futhi umusho wesibili ukulungiswa kwemizuzu emihlanu. Gcina okukhishiwe umyalo kanye nesiphetho, futhi gcina umhlahlandlela wesigaba 3 somthengisi eceleni kwakho.