Ukungena nge-FTP kuyasebenza kodwa uhlu lwefolda luyamisa: kungani
Ukungena nge-FTP kanye nezinhlu zefolda kusebenzisa ukuxhumana okubili okuhlukene. Uma uhlu lumisa, hlola ikheli ledatha elingenzi lutho kanye nebanga lamaphoyinti, hhayi iphasiwedi.
Igama lomsebenzisi liyasebenza, iphasiwedi iyasebenza, futhi iklayenti lithi lixhunyiwe. Bese lilinda unomphela ohlwini lwefolda noma ekudlulisweni kwefayela lokuqala, futhi akukho lutho emininingwaneni yokungena okuchaza lokho. I-FTP ivula ukuxhumana kwesibili kulo lonke uhlu nayo yonke ifayela, futhi ukuxhumana kwesibili yikho okwehlulayo. Ukungena kufakazela kuphela ukuthi ingxoxo yokuqala iyasebenza.
Yenza izihlolo ngokulandelana. Ngayinye isusa isigaba esihlukile, ngakho yima kweyokuqala ekhombisa okungajwayelekile.
Qala ngokuhlukanisa ukuxhumana okubili
Ukuxhumana kokulawula kuthwala imiyalo nezimpendulo ephoyintini yokulalela yesiphakeli. Ukuxhumana kwedatha kuthwala uhlu lwedayirekhthri noma umzimba wefayela, futhi kumodi engasebenzi isiphakeli sikhetha indawo yaso yokugcina futhi siyimemezele empendulweni ye-PASV noma ye-EPSV. Ukuvumela iphoyinti 21 akusho lutho mayelana nokuthi iphoyinti ledatha liyafinyeleleka yini, futhi yikho kanye okwenza ukungena kuphumelele ngenkathi wonke uhlu luphelelwa isikhathi. Umhlahlandlela we-WinSCP wezindlela ze-FTP uchaza lokho kwehlukanisa kanye nezidingo zako zenethiwekhi.
Uma iklayenti lingemuva kwe-VPN, indlela yedatha idlula emhubeni ofanayo kodwa hhayi ngempela emgomweni ofanayo.
Funda ikheli empendulweni ye-PASV
Qalisa iklayenti elinemininingwane bese ufunda impendulo esikhundleni sokuqagela. curl -v ftp://user@host/ iphrinta umugqa we-PASV nekheli nephoyinti okufunwa isiphakeli, futhi yilelo kheli iklayenti elixhumeka kulo ngokulandelayo. Uma kuyikheli langasese elingenanjongo ohlangothini lweklayenti lomhubo, ukuxhumana kwedatha akuiphi ndawo ngenkathi isiteshi sokulawula sihlala siphilile.
Qhathanisa lelo kheli nekheli iklayenti elafinyelela kulo ngempela. Ukungafani yikho impendulo, futhi ngokuvamile ivela ku-NAT noma kusiphakeli esilungiselelwe ngekheli langaphakathi.
Hlola ibanga lamaphoyinti kanye nomgomo womhubo
Amasiphakeli angenzi lutho abela amaphoyinti edatha ebangeni elilungiselelwe, futhi lelo banga kufanele livunyelwe nge-VPN nanoma isiphepho somlilo esisendleleni. Umthetho ovumela u-21 kuphela nawe okunye awukho umthetho wokungena kuphela. Qinisekisa ibanga nalabo abaphethe isiphakeli, bese uhlola iphoyinti elilodwa kulo esikhundleni sokucabanga ukuthi lonke ibanga liziphatha ngendlela efanayo.
Iziteshi zokulawula ezibethelwe zenza lokhu kube nzima, ngoba idivayisi ephakathi ayisakwazi ukubhala kabusha ikheli elimenyezelwe ngesikhathi lidlula.
Yazi ukuthi i-EPSV noma indlela yokubuyela emuva isiza nini
I-EPSV ibuyisela iphoyinti ngaphandle kwekheli elihlukile, okususa ukwehluleka kwekheli elingalungile uma zombili iziphetho zikusekela. Amanye amaklayenti angatshelwa futhi ukuthi angalinaki ikheli elimenyezelwe futhi asebenzise kabusha indawo yokuxhumana kokulawula. Zombili ziyizinto ezisemthethweni eziqondiswe kubume obuthile, hhayi isisombululo esikhulu.
Ungacishi i-TLS ukuze nje usizo lukwazi ukuhlola isikhathi. Lokho kushintsha iphrothokholi esebenzayo ngesimo sosongo esiphukile.
Qinisekisa ngohlu nangokudlulisa
Ngemva kokuba umgomo wekheli noma wephoyinti usushintshile, vula isikhathi esisha ngendlela efanayo ye-VPN bese uhlu lwedayirekhthri. Bese udlulisa ifayela elincane, ngoba uhlu nokudlulisa kungathatha izindlela zekhodi ezihlukile kwabanye amasiphakeli. Hlola ilogi yeklayenti ukuthi kukhona ukuxhumana kwedatha okuya ekhelini nasemphoyintini okulindelekile, futhi qinisekisa ukuthi amabhayithi afikile.
Gcina i-FTP, i-FTPS ne-SFTP zihlukene ekhanda lakho ngenkathi wenza lokhu. Ukushintsha kwephoyinti elingenzi lutho akusona isilungiselelo se-SFTP, futhi ukulungisa akudluli kumaphrothokholi.