Hlola impendulo yokugcina ye-FTP ngaphambi kokuthemba ukulayisha
Impendulo engu-150 isho ukuthi ukudluliswa kuqalile, hhayi ukuthi ifayela ligciniwe. Hlukanisa ukufundwa kwasekhaya, imvume yokugcina, ukuxhumana kwedatha nempendulo yokugcina.
Iklayenti le-FTP lingamukela umyalo we-put kudala ngaphambi kokuthi iseva ithole ifayela, futhi igebe phakathi kwalezi zigameko ezimbili yilapho izimfihlakalo eziningi zokulayisha zihlala khona. Izigaba ezine kufanele ziqedwe: ifayela lasekhaya liyafundwa, iseva yamukela isicelo sokugcina, ukuxhumana kwedatha kuthwala amabhayithi, futhi ukudluliswa kufinyelela impendulo yokugcina enhle. Ukuqhathanisa izigaba kuwusizo kunokuqhathanisa amaklayenti, ngoba ukungena okusebenzayo kanye negama lefayela elivelayo kokubili kuma ngaphambi komugqa wokugcina.
Impendulo yokuqala nempendulo yokugcina
Ku-STOR, impendulo engu-125 noma engu-150 ingeyokuqala. Isho ukuthi iseva izimisele ukuzama nokuthi ukuxhumana kwedatha kuyavulwa, hhayi ukuthi into ikhona ngendlela yayo yokugcina. Umsebenzi uqedwa kuphela lapho ukudluliswa kufinyelela impendulo enhle yokuqedwa, ngokuvamile engu-226 noma engu-250, kumongo walowo msebenzi.
426 isho ukuthi ukudluliswa kukhanseliwe, futhi inombolo ekhishwe omunye umyalo ayisona umphumela walokhu kulayisha. Funda impendulo eye-STOR, hhayi inombolo yokugcina esikrinini. Uma iklayenti liphuma ngaphambi kokufika kwaleyo mpendulo, awunabo ubufakazi bokugcina.
Ukuxhumana kokulawula nokuxhumana kwedatha
Ukuqinisekisa kanye nohlu lwedikhithikhi kusebenzisa ukuxhumana kokulawula. Amabhayithi asebenzisa ukuxhumana kwedatha okwehlukile, futhi iphoyinti lako lokugcina liyaxoxwa ngakunye ukudluliswa. Ukungena okuphumelelayo kufakazela indlela yokulawula futhi akusho lutho mayelana nokuthi ikheli ledatha liyafinyeleleka yini lisuka kuklayenti.
Uma iseva ingakwazi ukuvula ukuxhumana kwedatha, phenya iphoyinti lokugcina elixoxiwe kanye nendlela evunyelwe. Imodi ye-passive isadinga ikheli ledatha nebhokisi elisetshenzisekayo, futhi i-firewall noma idivayisi ye-NAT phakathi kweklayenti neseva ingavumela iseshini yokulawula kuyilapho ivimbela ibanga ledatha. Uma iseva inqaba isicelo sokugcina, bheka igama lendlela ekude, izimvume noma imikhawulo yokugcina. Akukho kagatsha womabili okuchazwa ukuthi ukuxhumana kokulawula kuqinisekisiwe.
FTP phezu kwe-TLS ne-SFTP
I-FTP phezu kwe-TLS iseyi-FTP: ukuxhumana okubili, izimpendulo ze-FTP, nokukhushulwa kwe-TLS kokunye ngakunye. I-SFTP iyisistimu engaphansi ye-SSH enokuxhumana okukodwa nesethi yemiyalo ehluke ngokuphelele. Zabelana ngenhloso futhi cishe akukho okunye, ngakho ukuxilonga okweqa phakathi kwazo kuvame ukuqala ngokuqhathanisa amalogi angalungile.
Ungavala i-TLS ukuze umsizi ophakathi akwazi ukuhlola iseshini, futhi ungathathi ukwehluleka kwe-SFTP njengenkinga yempendulo ye-FTP. Uma udinga ukuhlolwa okubhalwe ngeskripthi, incwadi ye-curl ibhala i-TLS esobala, imodi ye-passive nezinketho zokulayisha, futhi iyisithenjwa salokho okushintshwa yifulegi ngayinye.
Khetha iphrothokholi okuyiyo leyo isevisi eyinikezayo ngempela ngaphambi kokuyilungisa. Iseva ekhuluma i-SFTP kuphela ngeke neze ikhiqize impendulo engu-226, noma ngabe iklayenti lihlelwe kanjani.
Igama lefayela elibonakalayo nento egciniwe
Igama lefayela elibonakalayo lingamela into engaphelele, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokudluliswa okukhanseliwe noma iklayenti eliphume kusenesikhathi. Cela umnikazi wesevisi ukuthi aqhathanise usayizi wefayela lokuhlola elihlosiwe kanye ne-hash yokuqukethwe ethembekile nento egciniwe uma kulindeleke ukulondolozwa kwamabhayithi.
Imodi ye-binary ne-ASCII kungenye indlela yokuqhathanisa eshintsha umphumela. Imodi ye-ASCII ingahumusha iziphetho zemigqa, ngakho amabhayithi agciniwe ahluka kufayela lasekhaya ngisho noma ukudluliswa kuphumelele. Gcina imodi ye-binary ukuze uhlole ibhayithi ngebhayithi, futhi ungangezi izinketho zokuguqula ukuze ukudluliswa okwehlulekile kubonakale ngendlela ehlukile.
I-STOR evamile ingashintsha ifayela elikhona, futhi imvume yokungena noma yokuhlu lwedikhithikhi ayisunguli imvume yokwakha noma yokushintsha into kuyo. Sebenzisa igama elikude elingakaze lisetshenziswe kulokhu kuhlola.
Yini okufanele iqhathaniswe ngaphambi kokuphinda uzame
Ungengezi, ungaqhubeki futhi uphindele ukulayisha ngobumpumputhe phezu kwefayela eliyingxenye elingaqinisekile. Vumelana nomnikazi ukuthi uzoqala kabusha ngegama elisha, usebenzise inqubo yokubuyisela esekelwa isevisi, noma ususe into yokuhlola ehlulekile.
Bhala umphumela njengenye yezitatimende ezine: ukufundwa kwasekhaya kwehlulekile, ukugcina kunqatshiwe, ukudluliswa kwedatha kukhanseliwe, noma ukudluliswa kuqediwe futhi amabhayithi agciniwe afana. Lelo rekhodi liwumphumela oqinile kunokushintsha i-shell, i-VPN nezilungiselelo ze-FTP ndawonye kuze kuvele igama lefayela, futhi litshela umuntu olandelayo ukuthi yisiphi isigaba okufanele asihlole. Gcina umbhalo wempendulo ohlanziwe kanye naleso sitatimende. Khona-ke ukuphinda uzame kuyisinqumo, akuyona into nje yokuphendula.