Ngabe umuntu angabona i-IP yakho kuhlelo lokuxoxa? Yini umqaphi ngamunye akwaziyo
Ekuxoxeni okudlula kusevisi, umthumeli kanye nozakwenu kwinethiwekhi bayizinto ezihlukene. Hlukanisa okubonwa isevisi, okubonayo wena kanye nalokho okushiwo ilebula lohlelo.
“Ngikhuluma nobani?” yimibuzo emibili emshweni owodwa. Omunye umayelana ne-akhawunti eyabhala umyalezo, omunye umayelana nomshini osekupheleni komunye wokuxhumana kwenethiwekhi okugcinwe iklayenti lakho ngempela. Ekuxoxeni okudlula kusevisi, lokhu cishe akukaze kube yinto eyodwa, futhi umehluko uwona ochaza iningi lokudideka mayelana nalokho i-VPN ekufihlayo noma engakufihli kumuntu omthumelela umyalezo. Uma i-topology ilungile, umbuzo wobumfihlo uba nombuzo ongaphenduleka esikhundleni wokuba ngowomzwelo.
Iklayenti lakho likhuluma nesevisi, hhayi nomunye umuntu
Cabanga ngohlelo lokuxoxa ngombhalo lapho umhlanganyeli ngamunye exhuma kusevisi futhi isevisi ilethe imiyalezo phakathi kwama-akhawunti. Iklayenti lakho ligcina ukuxhumana nesevisi; omunye umhlanganyeli ugcina ukuxhumana okwehlukile nesevisi efanayo. Umyalezo uhamba usuka kuklayenti labo uya kusevisi futhi usuka kusevisi uya kwelakho, okusho ukuthi umlingani wakho wezokuthutha uyiphetho lesevisi, hhayi idivayisi yabo.
Alex's client -> chat service -> your clientKonke okulandelayo kuvela kuleso sithombe esisodwa. Uma ubheka ukuxhumana kwakho, ukhomba isevisi, hhayi u-Alex. Uma ubheka ukuxhumana kuka-Alex, ukhomba isevisi ngakolunye uhlangothi. Akukho kulokhu kubona okuyirekhodi yezinga lamaphakethe yedivayisi yomunye umuntu ngokwako, futhi noma ngabe uhlola kangakanani ithrafiki yakho ngeke kube njalo.
Abaqaphi abahlukene baqoqa ubufakazi obuhlukene
Isevisi isesimweni esinamandla kunanoma yimuphi umhlanganyeli ngoba iqeda kokubili ukuxhumana futhi yazi ukuthi iyiphi i-akhawunti ephethe okukuphi. Okukugcinayo, isikhathi esingakanani, yikuphi okurekhodiwe ekuhlanganisayo futhi ikwembula kubani yimibuzo ehlukene enezimpendulo ezihlukene, futhi akukho kuyo okuphendulwa umusho othi “uhlelo lunokubethela kusukela ekupheleni kuya ekupheleni”.
Wena, njengomamukeli, ubuthakathaka eziqiniso zenethiwekhi kodwa unamandla eziqinisweni zokuqukethwe: umbhalo womlayezo, igama elibonisiwe, konke umthumeli akubhalayo noma akunamathiselayo. Umthumeli obhala ikheli lakhe uye walembula, futhi lokho kwembula akukona ukubona kwenethiwekhi nakuba kuzwakala kanjalo.
| Observer | Sees | Cannot conclude |
|---|---|---|
| You | Your connection to the service, message contents, sender-supplied details | The other client's source address |
| The other participant | Their connection, message contents, what the service attaches | Your source address |
| The service | Both connections, account mapping, delivery metadata | What it does not retain, or what leaves its boundary |
Uma u-Alex exhuma nge-VPN, isevisi ingabona ikheli lokuphuma lalokho kuxhumana esikhundleni sekheli lasekhaya lika-Alex. Lokho kuyisitatimende mayelana nalokho okubonwa isevisi. Akusho ukuthi ikheli lokuphuma linikezwa wena, futhi akusho neze ukuthi ukuxhumana kwakho kwenziwa kungaziwa ngenxa yokukhetha kuka-Alex kwezokuthutha.
Lapho uhlelo luyi-peer-to-peer ngempela
Imodeli yokudlulisa iyimodeli, akuwona umthetho. Ezinye izici zemiyalezo zisungula izindlela eziqondile phakathi kwamaklayenti, isibonelo isiteshi sedatha kusiphequluli esixoxwa ngesiphakeli sesignali, noma indlela yokudlulisa amafayela exhuma amadivayisi amabili ukuze kugwenywe ukudlulisa idatha eningi. Ezimweni ezinjalo umlingani wezokuthutha uyidivayisi yomunye umhlanganyeli ngempela, futhi ukuhlaziywa kwabaqaphi kushintsha ngokuphelele.
Ilebula elinomusa lohlelo alanele ukukutshela ukuthi usesimweni esiphi. “Umyalezo oqondile” uchaza ukuthi ufunda bani, hhayi ukuthi uthuthwa kanjani, futhi isici socingo noma sokwabelana ngesikrini kuhlelo olufanayo singasebenzisa i-topology ehlukile kunezintambo zombhalo eziseduze. Funda imibhalo yomhlinzeki ngesici esithile, noma ubuke ukuxhumana okuvulwa iklayenti lakho ngesikhathi uyisebenzisa.
Isitatimende sokubethela kusukela ekupheleni kuya ekupheleni sihlanganisa ukuthi ubani angafunda okuqukethwe okuvikelwe. Akusho lutho mayelana nokuthi yimaphi amaseva amukela ukuxhumana, iyiphi imethadatha ewubonayo, noma ngabe ikhona indlela eqondile; futhi ingxoxo ku-RFC 6973 mayelana namakhono omqaphi iwukuziphatha okusizayo: shono igama lomqaphi, bese kubala lokho umqaphi angakwazi ukuqoqa ngempela.
Lokhu kusho ukuthini ku-VPN
I-VPN ishintsha lokho isevisi ekubonayo ngokuxhumana kwakho. Ayishintshi ukuthi umlingani wakho wezokuthutha ungubani, futhi ayiniki omunye umhlanganyeli umbono omusha wekheli lakho. Ukulindela ukuthi i-VPN izokufihla kumuntu omthumelela umyalezo kuyiphutha lesigaba: iklayenti labo alikaze libe nokuxhumana nelakho.
Lokho i-VPN engakushintsha isici sendlela eqondile. Uma uhlelo belungaxoxa ngokuxhumana kwe-peer-to-peer, ukudlulisa ithrafiki yakho kuthumbu kungase kuphoqelele ukudluliswa, futhi ezinye izici zizokwenza ngendlela ehlukile noma zibuyele emuva; lowo umphumela wangempela, kodwa umayelana ne-topology, hhayi ngokunyamalala engxoxweni.
Bese ugcina imibuzo emibili ihlukene kukho konke okubhalayo. Iyiphi i-akhawunti ekuthumele lokhu futhi yikuphi ukuphela okukuthwalile. Phendula kokubili ngokucacile, qopha ukuthi ubani angabona impendulo ngayinye, futhi uyeke ukuhlanganisa kube yisinqumo esisodwa sokuthi umyalezo ungalandeleka yini.