Ingabe i-WireGuard isilungele ukukhiqizwa? Impendulo akuwona umthetho wokuxhumana

Abantu bayabuza ukuthi i-WireGuard isilungele ukukhiqizwa, okuzwakala njengombuzo mayelana nokubhala ngemfihlo kodwa empeleni umbuzo mayelana nendawo ozungezile. Umthetho wokuxhumana usuhlolwe iminyaka; ukusetshenziswa kusamele kuphendule ukuthi izingcingo zakho ziyawuthwala umhambo wawo, ubani obhalisa futhi ehoxisa amadivayisi, futhi ubani ogcoba iphakethe kuzo zombili iziphetho. Lezi zimpendulo ziyahluka phakathi kwamaseva amabili eracki elilodwa kanye nenkulungwane yamakhompyutha aphathwayo. Umthetho uyafana kuzo zombili izimo; imisebenzi ayifani.

Umbuzo ongemuva kombuzo

Lokho abantu abavamise ukukufuna ukukwazi ukuthi bangakwazi yini ukuzibophezela kumklamo ongeke ubahlazeze ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha. Lo mbuzo wokusetshenziswa onezingxenye ezine, futhi ingxenye ngayinye ingehluleka ngokuzimela kwezinye. Ukuphendula kahle ezintathu akusinisi eyesine.

Isixwayiso sakudala ngesifinyezo sangaphambi kokukhishwa siyiqiniso ngalolo sifinyezo, hhayi ilebula elihlala njalo kulo lonke iphakethe elilandelayo. Ngokufanayo, asikho isithombe sombhalo esingamemezela ukuthi inhlanganisela yakho ethile ye-kernel, iklayenti, inethiwekhi nabasebenzi isilungile. Umsebenzi uwukwenza inhlanganisela icace bese uyayihlola.

Thatha ukulunga njengeqoqo lezango ozidlulayo noma ozibhala ngokuthi zivulekile. Lokho kuguqula ingxoxo ibe uhlu lokuhlola olunabanikazi. Futhi kwenza izinto ezivulekile zibonakale kunoma ubani ogunyazayo, esikhundleni sokungcwatshwa embikweni wokuhlola.

Isango lokuqala: indlela kufanele ithwale i-UDP

I-WireGuard ithwala ithrafikhi yayo phezu kwe-UDP futhi ibhala ukuthi ayinikezi imodi ye-TCP noma ukufihla ithrafikhi. Umklamo oncike ekubonakaleni kwayo njengethrafikhi evamile yewebhu, noma ekushintsheni kwephothi ukuze kutholakale ukuziphatha kwe-TCP, usekelwe esicabangelweni esingasekelwa isofthiwe.

Ngakho isango lokuqala wukuhlola, hhayi ukuhlolwa emshinini owodwa. Bhala izindawo zokufinyelela lapho abasebenzisi bakho besebenza khona ngempela, bese uqinisekisa indlela ye-UDP egunyaziwe kuleyo naleyo futhi unqume ukuthi kwenzekani uma ingekho.

Ukuxhumana okusebenza kusukela ehhovisi akufakazeli lutho mayelana nenethiwekhi yehhotela, udonga lomlilo lwekhempasi noma umhlinzeki weselula ophatha i-UDP ngendlela ehlukile. Lezo zindawo yizona ezibangela ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kokufinyelela kude kwehluleke ngemuva kokuhlola okuphumelele. Ukuhlola kwakungelona iphutha; kwakumfishane. Ukukukhulisa yikhona isango.

Bhala nedlela yokubuyela emuva. Uma impendulo ingukuthi ayikho indlela yokubuyela emuva, leso isinqumo okufanele simenyezelwe kusengaphambili esikhundleni sokutholwa phakathi nohambo lwebhizinisi.

Isango lesibili: othile kufanele abe ngumnikazi wezikhi

Ontanga be-WireGuard baziqinisekisa ngezikhi, ipheya elilodwa kumhlanganyeli ngamunye. Lokho kulula ukukuchaza futhi kudinga kakhulu ekusebenzeni, ngoba akukho lutho kumthetho wokuxhumana okubhalisa idivayisi, okulandelela ukuthi ubani unesiphi isikhi noma okususa ukufinyelela uma ikhompyutha ephathwayo ilahleka. Umthetho ucabanga ukuthi izikhi sezivele zilungile, futhi ukulunga kungumsebenzi wothile.

Shono igama lomuntu obhalisa idivayisi, irekhodi elixhumanisa isikhi esidlangalaleni nomuntu nedivayisi, kanye nenqubo yokukhipha. Uma ukukhipha kuncike ekukhumbuleni ukuthi amakhophi efayela lokuhlela afakwa kuphi, inqubo ayiqedwanga.

Khetha idivayisi elilodwa phakathi nokuhlola bese uyihoxisa kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube sekupheleni. Lozo msebenzi unikeza ulwazi olusizo kakhulu kunokunye ukuhlolwa kokuxhumana, ngoba uveza izikhala emarekodini akho.

Isango lesithathu: iphakethe lidinga umnakekeli

I-WireGuard ingafika njengokusetshenziswa ngaphakathi kwe-kernel, njengephakethe lokusabalalisa noma njengengxenye yeklayenti endaweni yomsebenzisi, futhi ngalinye linedlela yalo yokubuyekeza. Umbuzo wokusebenza ukuthi iyiphi oyisebenzisayo, yavela kuphi futhi ubani osebenzisa umbiko wezokuphepha.

Sisebenzisa i-WireGuard akulona uhlu lwempahla. Ayikhombi iphakethe okufanele ligcobwe, inguqulo esangweni noma umuntu ongabuyisela emuva ukubuyekeza okubi.

Isango lesine: yamukela umthwalo womsebenzi, hhayi ukuxhawulana

Imigomo yokwamukela kufanele ichaze lokho abasebenzisi abakwenzayo. Ukufinyelela uhlelo lokusebenza lwangaphakathi, ukuxazulula igama lalo eliyimfihlo, ukunqatshwa endaweni engagunyaziwe nokulandela ukuziphatha okuchaziwe uma umhubhe wehle konke kuyabonakala, futhi ukuxhawulana okuphumelele akukho kulokho.

Gijimisa lezo zihlolo ngokushintsha kwenethiwekhi, ukuqalisa kabusha idivayisi kanye newindi lokunakekela lesango, ngoba ukusetshenziswa kuphuka khona kulezo zinguquko.

Gcina ubufakazi eduze kwemigomo, kuhlanganise nesimo sendawo esikhiqize:

wg show
ss -lunp | grep 51820
ip -4 route get 10.63.0.1

Ukuhlolwa okuluhlaza kunethiwekhi ethule ngekhompyutha eyodwa ephathwayo kuwukubuka kokuqala. Akusona isitatimende mayelana nokuthembeka, futhi ukukuphatha kanjalo yindlela umklamo osebenzayo ophenduka ngayo umklamo othembiwe.