Yimaphi amathebula e-SNMP ahlanganisa umzila we-VPNv4 nelebula lawo?
Khetha ilebula oyidingayo, bese uhlanganisa ingeno yomzila we-VRF nokuxhumana okuphambene kanye nezingxenye zako. Qinisekisa ukuthi i-agent isebenzisa lezo zinto ngaphambi kokuhamba.
Amalebula amathathu ahlukene ahamba nomzila owodwa we-VPNv4, futhi ukuhamba kwe-SNMP kukhombisa kuphela lawo asetshenziswa yi-agent. Isibaluli se-BGP esitholiwe, ilebula lensizakalo engenayo eyabiwe ngaphakathi kanye nelebula yokudlulisela ephumayo kusemathubhuleni ahlukene ngaphansi kwezinkomba ezihlukene. Ukubuza idivaysi ngelebula ngaphandle kokukhetha kuqala ukuthi iyiphi kwabezi zintathu oyishoyo yiyo leyo ndlela yokuthi iphrojekthi yokuqoqa ikhathale ku-chassis yayo yokuqala.
Khetha leyo umsebenzi wakho oyidingayo, bese ulandela uchungechunge lwezinkomba olufinyelela kuyo. Uma uchungechunge luphuka entweni engasetshenziswa yi-agent, lokho kuyinto etholakele okufanele ibhalwe phansi, hhayi isikhala okufanele sigcwaliswe nge-OID eqanjiwe.
Khetha ukuthi imuphi kwamalebula amathathu odingwa umsebenzi
Ilebula elitholakala kumakhelwane lifika njengesibaluli somkhondo we-BGP futhi lichaza lokho umakhelwane akulindele ukuthi ucindezele ngakuye. Ilebula lensizakalo engenayo yabiwa yile divaysi nge-prefix ye-VRF futhi imaka ithrafikhi engena ku-LSP. Ilebula ephezulu ephumayo yileyo edonsa ngempela izinga lokudlulisela iye ekweqeni okulandelayo, futhi iyashintsha njalo lapho kushintsha ukweqa okulandelayo.
Kuphela eyesibili neyesithathu ezihlobene nesimo sokudlulisela ebhokisini eliphenywayo. Eyokuqala isitatimende mayelana nokulindela kukamakhelwane, hhayi mayelana nale chassis.
I-MIB ejwayelekile ye-L3VPN imodela umzila we-VRF kanye nokuxhumana kwawo nokuxhumana okuphambene, okwanele ukufinyelela kumalebula ensizakalo nokudlulisela endawo. Ayithembisi ukukhipha yonke isibaluli esitholwe yiseshini ye-BGP. Funda ithebula ngalokho elikukhonayo, hhayi ngalokho okushiwo umbuzo. Umqoqi owakhiwe phezu kwesimo esingalungile ubika uziro futhi uwagcina njengedatha engekho.
| What you want | Where it lives | What a walk can return |
|---|---|---|
| Label advertised by a peer | BGP session state for that VRF | Usually outside the standard L3VPN MIB |
| Incoming service label for a prefix | VRF route entry joined to an incoming segment | Available when both tables are implemented |
| Label pushed toward the next hop | Outgoing segment with a push condition | Available, but only meaningful while a top label is pushed |
Hlanganisa ingeno yomzila we-VRF nokuxhumana kwayo okuphambene
RFC 4382 ichaza mplsL3VpnVrfRteTable. Funda inkombandlela yayo njengezingxenye eziyisithupha: igama le-VRF, uhlobo lwekheli lwendawo okuyiwa kuyo, i-prefix uqobo, inani lenqubomgomo, uhlobo lokweqa okulandelayo kanye nekheli lokweqa okulandelayo. Izingeno ze-IGP ne-BGP zabelana ngalelo thebula, ngakho bhala iphrothokholi yokuhamba eduze kwe-prefix. Imigqa emibili ingathwala i-prefix efanayo futhi yehluke kuphela ekweqeni okulandelayo, futhi ukukhetha umugqa ongalungile kuhambisa ukuxhumana kokunye ukuxhumana okuphambene.
Ikholomu mplsL3VpnVrfRteXCPointer ithwala inkombandlela yokuxhumana okuphambene hhayi i-OID yomugqa ophelele, nakuba igama lisikisela okuhlukile. Inani likaziro le-oktethi eyodwa lisho ukuthi akukho inqwaba yamalebula exhunyiwe, lokho okubonayo ngaphambi kokuthi ukubopha kuzinze noma kumzila ongakaze uwudinga.
Humusha ikholomu ngaphambi kokuhamba kuyo, ukuze isihlahla esincane sezinombolo kokuphumayo singadideki. Yomibili imiyalo engezansi ikhomba indawo efanayo ngemibhalo ehlukene.
snmptranslate -m +MPLS-L3VPN-STD-MIB -On mplsL3VpnVrfRteXCPointer snmpwalk -v2c -c monitor 192.0.2.10 mplsL3VpnVrfRteXCPointer
Thatha inkombandlela ebuyisiwe uyise etafuleni lokuxhumana okuphambene, okokhi yengeno yalo kuyinto emithathu: inkombandlela yokuxhumana okuphambene, inkombandlela yengxenye engenayo kanye nenkombandlela yengxenye ephumayo. Leyo nto emithathu iwukuxhumana okuguqula umzila ube ilebula. Hamba isihlahla esincane sokuxhumana okuphambene senkombandlela ethile esikhundleni sethebula lonke, ngoba ukufunda okunenkombandlela kugcina ubudlelwano futhi ukuhamba okukhulu akugcini.
Funda inkombandlela hhayi inombolo yelebula
Inkombandlela yengxenye ikhomba umugqa, futhi ilebula iyinqobo yamanani engaphakathi kwalowo mugqa, ngakho ukushintshanisa okokunye nokokunye kuveza impendulo ebukeka ithembekile kodwa ekhomba i-LSP engalungile. Ohlangothini olungenayo, hlola isixhumanisi kanye nomongo welebula kanye ne-mplsInSegmentLabel, ukhumbula ukuthi into ingase ithwale isikhombisi esiya etafuleni lamalebula uma umugqa ukhomba ingenyo kwenye indawo.
Ohlangothini oluphumayo, hlola isixhumanisi esiphumayo nokuthi umugqa uyasho yini ukuthi ilebula ephezulu iyadonswa ngaphambi kokufunda i-mplsOutSegmentTopLabel. Ikholomu yelebula ephezulu egcwele emgqeni ongadonsi lutho iyinani eliphelelwe yisikhathi noma insalela yomkhondo wangaphambilini, hhayi isimo samanje sokudlulisela. Izinqwaba ezijulile zidinga ithebula lenqwaba yamalebula elishiwo, futhi leso sinyathelo esengeziwe sijwayelekile, akusona isici.
Imikhuba ekhethekile kaziro isebenza emikhondweni eqala noma ephelela endaweni ku-router. Thatha inkombandlela kaziro njengokuziphatha okubhaliwe hhayi njengomphumela ongenalutho, futhi uqinisekise ngokumelene nesimo sokudlulisela sendawo.
Qinisekisa lokho i-agent ekusebenzisayo ngaphambi kokukhulisa
Qinisekisa izinto ezisetshenzisiwe endaweni yesikhulumi nekhishwe ngqo, imindeni yamakheli esetshenziswayo kanye nanoma yikuphi ukukhawulelwa kokusebenza ezihlahleni ezincane. Phenya ngemininingwane yokufunda kuphela ekhawulelwe kulezo zihlahla ezincane, futhi wamukele ukuthi into engekho ingase isho ukuthi isici asisetshenziswanga, hhayi ukuthi i-MIB ayilungile.
Hlanganisa umzila owodwa we-VRF owaziwayo nokuphuma kokusebenza kwedivaysi uqobo ngaphambi kokukhomba umqoqi etafuleni lonke. Gcina ingxenye ngayinye yenkombandlela kanye nesikhathi sokuqoqa kanye nesampula ngayinye, ngoba imizila nokubopha kuyahamba phakathi kokuhamba. Isifinyezo esithungwe kusukela ekuhambeni okubili okuhlukaniswe ngamaminithi singahlanganisa inkombandlela endala yokuxhumana okuphambene nomzila omusha futhi sibonakale silandelelana ngokuphelele.
Lapho umbono we-BGP otholakele noma into yelebula eqondene nomhlinzeki ingekho ngempela, dlulela kusixhumanisi se-telemetry noma sokusebenza esichazwe yinkundla. Ukuxhumana okujwayelekile kuhlanganisa amalebula okudlulisela endawo nokunye okuncane, ngakho kuthatha njengesinyathelo sokuqala somklamo wokuqoqa, hhayi njengento eqediwe.