Jadwalka SNMP kee ayaa isku xira waddada VPNv4 iyo sumaddeeda?
Dooro sumadda aad u baahan tahay, kadibna ku xir gelinta waddada VRF iyo isku-xirka iyo qaybihiisa. Xaqiiji in wakiilku fuliyo shayadaas ka hor inta aanad socon.
Saddex sumadood oo kala duwan ayaa la socda hal waddo VPNv4, socodka SNMP-na wuxuu muujinayaa oo kaliya kuwa wakiilku fuliyo. Sifada BGP ee la helay, sumadda adeegga soo gelaysa ee gudaha loo qoondeeyay iyo sumadda gudbinta baxaysa waxay ku yaalliin shaxanno kala duwan iyo tusayaal kala duwan. In qalab laga weydiiyo sumadda iyada oo aan marka hore la dooran midka saddexda ah ee la ula jeedo waa sababta mashruuca ururintu ugu hakado shasiskiisa ugu horreeya.
Dooro tan hawshaadu u baahan tahay, kadibna raac silsiladda tusaha ee gaadha. Haddii silsiladdu ku go'do shay aan wakiilku fulin, taasi waa natiijo la diiwaangeliyo, ma aha god lagu buuxiyo OID la curiyay.
Dooro midka saddexda sumadood ah ee hawshu u baahan tahay
Sumad laga helay derisku waxay timaaddaa sida sifada waddada BGP waxayna sharraxdaa waxa deriskaasi uu ku filan yahay inaad xaggiisa u riixdo. Sumadda adeegga soo gelaysa waxaa qoondeeya qalabkan oo loogu talagalay horudhac VRF waxayna calaamadiso taraafikada galaya LSP. Sumadda sare ee baxaysa waa tan ay dhab ahaan riixdo dusha gudbinta xagga tallaabada xigta, wayna is beddeshaa mar kasta oo tallaabada xigta is beddesho.
Kaliya tan labaad iyo tan saddexaad ayaa ka tirsan xaaladda gudbinta sanduuqa la weydiinayo. Tan koowaad waa hadal ku saabsan rajada deriska, ma aha ku saabsan shasikan.
MIB-ga caadiga ah ee L3VPN wuxuu qaabeeyaa waddada VRF iyo xiriirka ay la leedahay isku-xirka, taas oo ku filan in la gaaro sumadaha adeegga iyo gudbinta gudaha. Ma ballan qaado soo-saarista sifada kasta oo fadhi BGP helay. Akhri shaxda waxa ay ka kooban tahay, ma aha waxa su'aashu tilmaamayso. Ururiyaha lagu dhisay mala-awaal khaldan wuxuu soo sheegaa eber wuxuuna u keydiyaa sida xog maqan.
| What you want | Where it lives | What a walk can return |
|---|---|---|
| Label advertised by a peer | BGP session state for that VRF | Usually outside the standard L3VPN MIB |
| Incoming service label for a prefix | VRF route entry joined to an incoming segment | Available when both tables are implemented |
| Label pushed toward the next hop | Outgoing segment with a push condition | Available, but only meaningful while a top label is pushed |
Isku xir gelinta waddada VRF iyo isku-xirkeeda
RFC 4382 wuxuu qeexayaa mplsL3VpnVrfRteTable. Akhri tusaha sida lix qaybood: magaca VRF, nooca cinwaanka meesha loo socdo, horudhaca laftiisa, qiimaha siyaasadda, nooca tallaabada xigta iyo cinwaanka tallaabada xigta. Gelinta IGP iyo BGP waxay wadaagaan shaxdaas, sidaas darteed qor borotokoolka marinnada dhinaca horudhaca. Laba saf ayaa qaadi kara isla horudhac oo ku kala duwanaan kara oo kaliya tallaabada xigta, doorashada safka khaldanna waxay isku-xirka u jeedisaa isku-xir kale.
Tiirka mplsL3VpnVrfRteXCPointer wuxuu qaadaa tusaha isku-xirka halkii uu qaadan lahaa OID buuxa oo saf ah, in kastoo magacu tilmaamayo kale. Qiimaha eber ee hal okteet macnaheedu waa ma jiro xidhmo sumadeed la xidhiidha, taas oo aad aragto ka hor inta xidhiidhku xasilloonaan ama waddo aan waligeed u baahnayn mid.
Turjun tiirka ka hor inta aanad socon, si geed-hoosaadka tirada ee soo-saarku uu u noqdo mid aan mugdi ku jirin. Labada amar ee hoose waxay la hadlayaan isla gundhig iyagoo isticmaalaya qoraallo kala duwan.
snmptranslate -m +MPLS-L3VPN-STD-MIB -On mplsL3VpnVrfRteXCPointer snmpwalk -v2c -c monitor 192.0.2.10 mplsL3VpnVrfRteXCPointer
Qaado tusaha la soo celiyay oo gal shaxda isku-xirka, oo furaha gelinteedu yahay saddexley: tusaha isku-xirka, tusaha qaybta soo gasha iyo tusaha qaybta baxda. Saddexleydaas waa isku-xirka waddada u beddela sumad. Soco geed-hoosaadka isku-xirka tusaha gaar ah halkii aad socon lahayd shaxda oo dhan, maxaa yeelay akhrinta tusaha ayaa xiriirka si buuxda u ilaaliso, socodka guudna ma ilaaliyo.
Akhri tusaha halkii aad akhrin lahayd lambarka sumadda
Tusaha qaybtu wuxuu aqoonsadaa saf, sumadduna waa qiime ku dhex jira safkaas, sidaas darteed midka kale ku beddelka midka kale wuxuu soo saaraa jawaab u eg mid lagu kalsoonaan karo oo tilmaamaysa LSP khaldan. Dhinaca soo-gelista, baadh is-dhexgalka iyo macnaha sumadda oo ay la jiraan mplsInSegmentLabel, adoo xusuusanaya in shaygu uu beddelkiisa qaadan karo tilmaame galayaa shax sumadeed marka safku tixraacayo gelin meel kale.
Dhinaca baxa, hubi is-dhexgalka baxa iyo in safku sheegayo in sumadda sare la riixayo ka hor inta aanad akhrin mplsOutSegmentTopLabel. Tiirka sumadda sare ee buuxa oo ku yaal saf aan waxba riixin waa qiime duugoobay ama hadhaaga waddo hore, ma aha xaaladda gudbinta hadda. Xidhmooyinka qoto dheer waxay u baahan yihiin shaxda xidhmada sumadda ee la tixraacay, tallaabadaas dheeraydna waa caadi, ma aha cillad.
Caadooyinka gaarka ah ee eber waxay khuseeyaan waddooyinka ka bilaabma ama ku dhammaada gudaha router-ka. U qaado tusaha eber sida dhaqan la diiwaangeliyay ee ma aha natiijo madhan, oo ku xaqiiji xaaladda gudbinta gudaha.
Xaqiiji waxa wakiilku fuliyo ka hor inta aanad ballaarin
Xaqiiji shayada la fuliyay ee platform gaar ah iyo sii-deynta, qoysaska cinwaanka ee la isticmaalayo iyo xaddidaad kasta oo hawlgal oo ku saabsan geed-hoosaadyada. Ku weydii aqoonsi akhris-kaliya oo ku xaddidan geed-hoosaadyadaas, oo aqbal in shay maqan uu macneheedu noqon karo in aan la fulin muuqaalka, ma aha in MIB khaldan yahay.
Isku xiriiri hal waddo VRF oo la yaqaan iyo soo-saarka hawlgal ee qalabka laftiisa ka hor inta aanad ururiyaha u jeedin shaxda oo dhan. Kaydi qayb kasta oo tusaha ah iyo waqtiga ururinta shay kasta oo muunad ah, maxaa yeelay waddooyinka iyo xidhiidhku way dhaqaaqaan inta u dhaxaysa socodka. Sawir laga tolay laba socod oo dhawr daqiiqo kala maqan wuxuu isku qasi karaa tusaha isku-xir duugoobay iyo waddo cusub wuxuuna u ekaan karaa mid si buuxda is waafaqsan.
Meesha aragtida BGP ee la helay ama shay sumadeed u gaar ah iibkaagu dhab ahaan maqan yahay, u gudub is-dhexgal telemetry ama hawlgal oo platformadu diiwaangeliso. Isku-xirka caadiga ah wuxuu daboolaa sumadaha gudbinta gudaha iyo wax yar oo kale, sidaas darteed u qaado tallaabada koowaad ee naqshadeynta ururinta, ma aha sida shay dhammaadka ah.