I-VPN iyasebenza, kodwa uhlelo lokusebenza olulodwa alunayo i-inthanethi? Hlola i-proxy yalo

Umhubhe wakho usumiwe, ikhasi lesimo likhombisa ukuxhawana okunempilo, kodwa uhlelo lokusebenza olulodwa alulayishi lutho. Lolo hlelo lokusebenza kungenzeka lusathumela izicelo zalo kumxhumanisi omdala: i-proxy yesistimu, isandiso, ifayela lokucushwa eliphushwa ukuphathwa kwedivayisi, noma ukuguquguquka kwe-proxy okufundwa yinqubo yalo kuphela. Ukushintsha iseva ye-VPN ngeke kuthinte leso silungiselelo, futhi lokho kuchaza iphethini lapho ezinye izinhlelo zisebenza khona kusuka kumshini ofanayo. Sebenza usuka kuhlelo oluhlulekayo uye ngaphandle, futhi ushiye umhubhe njengoba unjalo kuze kube yilapho udaba lwe-proxy luxazululiwe.

Ikuphi izinga eliphethe isilungiselelo se-proxy

Izindawo ezine zingafuna igunya phezu kwezicelo zohlelo lokusebenza, futhi ngokuvamile kuwina okuncane kakhulu. Isistimu yokusebenza inayo i-proxy yomhlaba wonke kanye ne-URL yokucushwa okuzenzakalelayo engakhethwa; isiphequluli singayilanda, siyidlule, noma sinikeze ukulawula kwisandiso; ithuluzi lomugqa womyalo lifunda imvelo yalo; futhi inqubomgomo ephethwe ingaphinda igxilise noma yikuphi kwalokho ngemva koshintsho. Nquma ukuthi iliphi izinga elinesibopho ngaphambi kokuhlela noma yini, ngoba ukusula izinga elingalungile kubonakala njengokulungiswa okuphumelelayo okubuya ekungeneni okulandelayo.

Qhathanisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezimbili kuwebhusayithi eyodwa evamile, hhayi ekhasini lokuhlola elenzelwe i-VPN kuphela. Uma isiphequluli sihluleka kuyilapho ukulanda kutheminali kuphumelela, isistimu yokusebenza ayiyona inkinga, futhi umehluko usephrofayilini yesiphequluli noma ezandisweni zaso. Uma zombili zihluleka kodwa i-akhawunti yesibili yomsebenzisi kumshini ofanayo iphumelela, isilungiselelo singesomsebenzisi ngamunye. Lokho kuqhathanisa kuthatha umzuzu futhi kususa ukucabanga okuningi.

Funda inani elisetshenziswa ithuluzi ngalinye ngempela

Phrinta ukucushwa ngaphambi kokukushintsha, futhi kopisha umucu we-proxy oqondile endaweni ongayibuyisela kuyo. Iziguquguquko ze-shell zi ukuhlola okusheshayo kwezithuluzi zomugqa womyalo, ngoba iklayenti le-VPN ngokuvamile lizishiya zingathintwanga.

env | grep -i -E 'http_proxy|https_proxy|all_proxy|no_proxy'
scutil --proxy
gsettings get org.gnome.system.proxy mode
netsh winhttp show proxy

Gijimisa umugqa ohambisana nengxenye yokuhlela ephambi kwakho kuphela, bese ufunda okukhishiwe mayelana nesibungu, imbobo kanye nobufakazi. Inani elifana naleli http://proxy.corp.example:8080 lisho ukuthi ithuluzi libuza leso sibungu kuso sonke isicelo, kuyilapho umphumela ongenalutho usho ukuthi ihamba ngqo futhi iphutha langempela likwenye indawo. Fihla ingxenye yomsebenzisi neyephasiwedi ngaphambi kokunamathisela okukhishiwe kwithikithi, ngoba leyo micu iyizifakazelo eziphilayo izikhathi eziningi kakhulu kunalokho abantu abakucabangayo.

Izithuluzi ezinjini yazo ye-proxy zidinga ubufakazi bazo. I-Curl isho isinqumo esisithathile lapho unyusa imininingwane, okuyinto engcono kunokuqagela kusuka emvelweni, futhi ifulegi elifanayo likhombisa ukuthi ukuxazululwa kwamagama kwenzeke kwasendaweni noma ku-proxy.

Sula ukudlula futhi uhlole isicelo esifanayo futhi

Shintsha izinga elilodwa, bese uphinda isicelo esihlulekile ngqo, ngoba enye i-URL ayifakazi lutho. Qala ngokusula iziguquguquko zemvelo ku-shell yamanje, ngoba lokho kuhlela kuyabuyiselwa futhi ngeke kwephule umhubhe:

unset http_proxy https_proxy all_proxy
curl -v --max-time 10 https://example.com 2>&1 | grep -i -E 'uses proxy|connected to|http/'

Uma okukhishiwe okuningiliziwe kusasho ukuthi kungekhona i-proxy, imvelo yayingelona igunya. Khuphuka izinga elilodwa esikhundleni sokunqwabelanisa ezinye izinto zokudlula.

Ku-macOS, qinisekisa ukuthi ifayela lokucushwa okuzenzakalelayo alihlinzeki inani, bese ucisha i-proxy yesevisi futhi uqinisekise ushintsho. Ku-Windows khumbula ukuthi isilungiselelo se-WinHTTP kanye nesilungiselelo sesiphequluli somsebenzisi ngamunye kuyizinto ezihlukene, ngakho ithuluzi lomugqa womyalo elihlanzekile lingaba khona kanye nesiphequluli esisakhomba kuseva endala. Izandiso nazo zifanelwe ukusolwa okufanayo: isandiso se-proxy singabhala kabusha izicelo zephrofayili eyodwa kuphela, futhi lokho kuyisimo esiqondile sokwehluleka okuthinta isiphequluli esisodwa futhi akukho okunye.

Qinisekisa ukuthi ukulungisa kuyasinda ekuqaliseni kabusha

Isilungiselelo esisebenza kuphela kutheminali oyihlelile asikalungiswa. Vula uhlelo lokusebenza futhi kusuka kusiqalisi sedeskithophu, phuma bese ungena futhi, futhi ubheke ukuthi i-proxy endala iyabuya yini.

Ukuhlola okubili kuhlukanisa ukulungisa kwangempela kokwesikhashana, futhi kokubili kufanele kubike ukuxhumana okuqondile noma inani elihlosiwe. Ukugijima endaweni ehlanzekile kukhombisa ukuthi inqubo ehlanziwe isathatha isilungiselelo sesistimu.

env -i /usr/bin/curl -sS -o /dev/null -w '%{http_code} %{remote_ip}
' https://example.com
networksetup -getwebproxy "Wi-Fi"

Uma inani elidala libuya ngemva kokuqalisa kabusha, umthombo inqubomgomo ephethwe noma iphrofayili eyilisebenzisa futhi, futhi umnikazi walezo nqubomgomo kufanele asuse okuhlukile. Shiya ukuqinisekiswa kwezitifiketi kuvuliwe ngaso sonke isikhathi, ngoba i-proxy evimba ithrafikhi izobonakala ixazululiwe ngokushesha lapho ucisha ukuhlola. Qeda ngokubhala inani elisusiwe kanye nosuku emibhalweni yakho, ukuze umuntu olandelayo ahlukanise i-proxy eyenziwe ngamabomu kuleyo ekhohliwe.