VPN ingena ku-Tor, Tor ingena ku-VPN: kungani uchungechunge luphuka
Lapho i-VPN, i-Tor kanye ne-proxy kufakwa phezu komunye, ukulandelana kwakhona kunquma okuxazululwayo nokuthwalwayo. Thola umngcele wokuqala ophukile ngaphambi kokushintsha zontathu.
Ukufaka i-VPN, i-Tor kanye ne-proxy yohlelo phezu komunye kuzwakala njengokuphindaphinda ubumfihlo, kodwa empeleni kuphindaphinda inani lezindawo lapho ukuxhumana kungafa khona. Umphumela ojwayelekile isiphequluli esijikelezayo ngenkathi amathuluzi amathathu ezimemezela ephelele. Uma ushintsha izilungiselelo zontathu ngesikhathi esisodwa, ususa nethiphu elilodwa lokuthi ubani oqambayo amanga.
Qala ngokudweba indlela ehlosiwe ngokulandelana, ubale ukuthi yiluphi uhlelo oluvula ukuxhumana ngakunye nokuthi yiliphi igama elixazululwayo esinyathelweni ngasinye.
Izendlalelo azihlangani, ziyasebenzisana
I-VPN ngaphambi kwe-Tor isho ukuthi ukuxhumana kokungena kweklayenti ye-Tor kuhamba ngaphakathi komhume. I-VPN ethwalwa nge-Tor isho ukuthi iphuzu lokugcina leklayenti le-VPN ngokwalo kufanele lifinyeleleke nge-Tor, okuyisimo esihluke ngokuphelele. I-proxy yesiphequluli yengeza omunye umgxumo uhlelo lokusebenza olungazi lutho ngawo. Izinhlelo ezintathu, izinhla ezintathu ezihlukene zokuncika.
Uhlelo ngalunye lushintsha okungaxazululwa, okungathwalwa nokuthi ubani obona iphakethe lokuqala. Kukodwa kuphela kuzo okungaba ukuhlelwa obukuhlosile.
Faka nendlela eqondile kumdwebo. Umzila wokulinda, ukukhishwa komhume ohlukanisiwe noma ukweqa i-proxy kungase kwenza ikhasi lilayishe ngenkathi leqa buthule uchungechunge obufuna ukuluhlola, futhi impumelelo enjalo idukisa kakhulu kunokwehluleka.
Ukulandelana kunquma okungathwalwa
I-Tor ithwala imifudlana ye-TCP ngesixhumi sayo se-SOCKS, futhi iklayenti elicela i-proxy ukuthi lixazulule igama lomsingathi ligcina usesho ngaphakathi kwesekethe. I-UDP ayihambi kanjalo ekuhlelweni okuvamile, yingakho umhume we-WireGuard awukwazi ukufakwa ku-Tor ngaphandle kwesidlulisi se-TCP esengeziwe phakathi.
OpenVPN ingaphoqelelwa ku-TCP, ngakho lokho kuhlelwa kuyachazeka okungenani. Futhi kuhamba kancane futhi kubuthakathaka, futhi indlela yokwehluleka lapho kuphuka ibukeka ifana nembobo evinjiwe. Lindela ukuchitha isikhathi eside uhlukanisa lezi ezimbili kunokulungisa noma yikuphi kuzo.
Ukuxazulula ingxenye enye. Nge- --socks5-hostname i-proxy ixazulula indawo ekuyiwa kuyo, kanti --socks5 ejwayelekile ibuza isixazululi sendawo kuqala futhi ikhiphe igama ngaphandle kwesekethe. Yilo mphawu owodwa onquma ukuthi usesho lwegama lungoluchungechunge noma lungomhlinzeki wakho we-inthanethi.
| Order | What must resolve the endpoint | What usually breaks |
|---|---|---|
| VPN, then Tor | The tunnel's resolver | Entry guards blocked by the VPN provider's filters |
| Tor, then VPN | The SOCKS proxy, remotely | UDP transports, which Tor does not carry |
| App proxy on top | The application itself | Proxy bypass rules and cached connections |
Ukuthola umngcele wokuqala ophukile
Hlola izigaba ngokulandelana amaphakethe ahamba ngakho, ngezicelo ezingenabungozi, futhi ume lapho kwehluleka khona okokuqala. Bhala ukuthi imuphi umyalo owasebenza kuqala, ngoba ukulandelana kuyingxenye yobufakazi. Imiyalo emibili ihlukanisa isekethe efile nomgudu wokuphuma ofile:
curl -s --socks5-hostname 127.0.0.1:9050 https://check.torproject.org/api/ip curl -4 -s https://api.ipify.org; echo
Eyokuqala ibika ukuthi isicelo siqedwa nge-proxy ye-SOCKS noma cha, futhi eyesibili ikhombisa ikheli inethiwekhi eliveza njengamanje. Uma eyokuqala yehluleka futhi eyesibili yephumelela, inkinga iseklayenti le-Tor noma ngaphambi kwayo. Uma zombili ziphumelela futhi isiphequluli sisahluleka, uhlelo lusebenzisa indlela ehlukile kuneqokobhe.
Ikhasi le-IP lomphakathi nalo lichaza kuphela umgudu wokuphuma obonakalayo wokugcina. Alikwazi ukusho ukuthi bangaki abagxumo ababengaphambi kwawo, ngakho lihlanganise nokukhishwa kwesimo okusekelwayo kwethuluzi ngalinye esikhundleni sokuthatha inombolo eyodwa njengomdwebo.
Nini ukuma ukwengeza izendlalelo
Uma ungakwazi ukusho emshweni owodwa ukuthi isendlalelo sengeza ini, sisuse. Uchungechunge olunenjongo engacacile wuchungechunge okungekho ovukwazi ukulungisa iphutha kulo phakathi nobusuku, futhi inzuzo yobumfihlo yomgxumo ongachazwanga ngokuvamile incane kunokutholakala okulahlekayo.
Uma isendlalelo sifanele ngempela indawo yaso, sihlole sisodwa kuqala, bese wengeza esilandelayo futhi uqinisekise indlela futhi ngemiyalo emibili efanayo. Buyisela uchungechunge oluphelele ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa okuvamile, futhi ugcine ukuqinisekiswa kwe-TLS nokuqinisekisa umuntu kuvuliwe; isexwayiso sesitifiketi esamukelwa ukuze ikhasi lilayishe iwukweqa umzila, hhayi ukulungisa. Bhala ukulandelana okuqede kukho ngenkathi kusasha.
Bhala lokho kulandelana, kufaka nesixazululi esiphendula esigabeni ngasinye. Uchungechunge olusebenzayo ongakuchaza luzodlula isibuyekezo esilandelayo, kanti uchungechunge olusebenzayo olwakhiwe ngokuzama luzonyamalala kanye naso. Faka usuku nezinguqulo, ukuze ukwehluleka kwakamuva kuqhathaniswe nesimo esaziwayo esihle esikhundleni sokuphikisana ngakho ngesikhumbuzo. Imigqa eyishumi efayeleni lombhalo yonga ubusuku bokucabanga.