I-VPN ayizange iveze i-IP yakho endala: inani elikhunjulwayo liyenze

Ukubona ikheli lakho lomphakathi elidala embikweni wesivisi ngemuva kokuthi i-VPN inyuke, kukodwa akuwona ubufakazi bokuphuma. Ukuxhumana okukhona kungase kusebenzise umnyango wokuphuma womhubhe ngenkathi uhlelo luthumela inani elilifundile ngaphambi kokuba umhubhe ube khona. Lezi zingubufakazi obubili obuhlukene, futhi kungubunye kuphela obuchaza iphakethe lamanje. Okunye yinani elasinda ekuxhumaneni kabusha ngoba akukho lutho endleleni yenethiwekhi olunalo.

Izincazelo ezimbili ngemuva kwekheli elilodwa

Ukulandelana abantu abakucabangayo yiphakethe elishiya isixhumi esibonakalayo somzimba ngenkathi i-VPN kuthiwa iyasebenza. Ukulandelana okuvame ukuchaza umbiko kufushane futhi kuyisicefe: uhlelo lwafunda ikheli ngaphambilini futhi lusenalo. Ukuhlela izehlakalo ngokulandelana kuhlukanisa okubili.

Address learned before the tunnel: P1
Tunnel up: the next request exits at P2
Application reuses its retained P1 in a message body
Receiver logs source P2 and submitted value P1

Akukho lutho kulokho kulandelana okudinga ukuxhumana okukhona kusukela ekhelini lokuqala. Inani elikhunjulwayo lihamba ngaphakathi komyalezo, kanti inhloko ithwala umnyango wokuphuma okhethwe umzila wamanje. Isevisi ebhala zombili izinkambu izozibonisa zihlangene futhi ibonakale iphikisana.

Leyo incazelo engaba khona, hhayi ukumangalela iklayenti elithile. Idumela akulona ubufakazi: ikhodi ongayifunda, umkhiqizo omethembayo noma omunye umnyango wokuphuma akusho lutho mayelana nalokho uhlelo olulodwa olukugcinile noma olukuthumele.

Inkumbulo yohlelo iphila isikhathi eside kunokuxhumana kabusha

Ukuxhuma i-VPN kushintsha umzila othathwa ukuxhumana okusha. Kushiya isimo sohlelo njengoba sinjalo futhi asikwazi ukubuyisa ulwazi isevisi ekude esivele ilugcinile. Uhlelo lungathumela isihlonzi se-akhawunti, indawo egciniwe, igama ledivayisi noma elinye inani elitholwe ngaphambilini, futhi ukubethela kuvikela lowo mthwalo endleleni ngaphandle kokususa lutho kuwo. Ukuxhumana kabusha kuyisigameko senethiwekhi; inani eligciniwe yisigameko sohlelo.

Umehluko ubalulekile ngoba kokubili kuhlala ezindaweni ezihlukene. Isimo sohlelo singesohlelo futhi sisinda ekuqaliseni kabusha, kanti umzila ungowohlelo lokusebenza futhi wakhiwa kabusha ekuxhumaneni ngakunye. Ukuhlanza okunye akunamthelela kwesinye.

Isevisi ingase futhi igcine inani owalinikeza yona ezinyangeni ezedlule, futhi kuleso simo akukho shintsho lendawo elizolikhipha. Lokho ukugcina, futhi kungaphandle komhubhe ngokuphelele.

Funda inhloko yomthombo kuqala, bese umthwalo

Qala ngokuthola ukuthi ikheli lavela kuphi. Ilogi yokuxhumana yeseva ichaza umthombo okhona, kanti inkambu yomlayezo, iphrofayela ye-akhawunti noma isibonisi sokuxilonga sendawo kungase kuchaze inani elathunyelwa noma elagcinwa kudala kakhulu. Lokho kubona kuphendula imibuzo ehlukene.

Qhathanisa nezikhathi. Uma ikheli elidala livela enkambini eyandulela ukuxhumana kwe-VPN, incazelo yomthwalo inamandla kakhulu. Uma iseva ibhala ukuxhumana okuqondile kusukela ekhelini elidala ngenkathi umhubhe uvuliwe, lowo umbuzo womzila futhi udinga uphenyo oluhlukile. Ukuhlela kuqala izinhlobo zokubona kuvimbela ikheli elilodwa ukuba lelulwe libe ubufakazi bezehlakalo ezintathu.

Zigcine zihlukene kumanothi akho: umthombo wokuxhumana, inkambu yomlayezo, isibonisi se-akhawunti, ukuxilonga kwendawo. Ikheli elilodwa elibhalwe ezindaweni ezine liseyikheli elilodwa.

Ukugcina kuyisigaba esihlukile kwezokuthutha

Imihlahlandlela yobumfihlo ku-RFC 6973 ithatha ukuqoqwa, ukusetshenziswa, ukudalulwa nokugcinwa njengezigaba ezihlukene, futhi ixwayisa ngokuthi izihlonzi ezisetshenziswa kabusha zenza ukuhlobanisa kube lula. Umzila omusha wenethiwekhi ushintsha isigaba sokuthutha futhi akukho okunye. Amarekhodi umamukeli asevele enawo awathintwa, kanjalo nanoma yiluphi iphrofayela eligcine inani ekungeneni. Yingakho ukuxhumana kabusha kungazizwa kuhlulekile ngenkathi ukuthutha kusebenza ngendlela efanele.

Asikho isihlungi sephakethe esingasusa inani emarekhodini omamukeli, futhi ukuxhumana kabusha ngeke kuhlanze umlando ogciniwe wohlelo ngalunye. Lezi izinkinga zomnikazi wedatha, hhayi zomhubhe, futhi zidinga uhlobo oluhlukile lwesixazululo. Buza isevisi ukuthi igcina ini futhi isikhathi esingakanani ngaphambi kokucela inethiwekhi ukuthi ikufihle.

Yini okufanele uyihlole ngaphambi kokusola umhubhe

Buyekeza ukuqoqwa okubhaliwe kohlelo nezilawuli ze-akhawunti, bese unquma ukuthi yiziphi izinkambu elingazithumela, isevisi izigcina isikhathi esingakanani, nokuthi i-akhawunti ingazisusa noma izilungise yini. Bese wenza ukuhlolwa okuhlukanisa izincazelo: i-akhawunti entsha noma iphrofayela yohlelo ehlanzekile. Uma inani elidala linyamalala, ukugcina noma isimo sekheshi sasihilelekile. Uma lisinda kuphrofayela ehlanzekile, hlola inkambu yesicelo yangempela ngaphambi kokuphetha ngokuthi i-VPN yehlulekile.

Uma ngempela kukhona ukuxhumana okuqondile, kuthatha njengokutholakele mayelana nomzila wenethiwekhi. Phenya umzila, umhubhe ohlukanisiwe nenqubomgomo yeklayenti ngaphansi kwemibandela yawo, futhi ungahlanganisi lowo mphumela nenani lomthwalo elasinda nje ekuxhumaneni kabusha. Kokubili ukwehluleka kubonakala kufana esithombeni sesikrini futhi kuziphatha ngokuhluke ngokuphelele ekubanjweni.