Iklayenti elisha le-hotspot elibambe ukuthola i-IP akulona iphutha le-VPN

Ucingo lujoyina i-hotspot, luhlala ku-«Kutholakala ikheli le-IP», futhi ekugcineni luyanqoba. Isiphetho esingokwemvelo ukuthi i-VPN yocingo iyaphazamisa i-DNS, ngakho abantu baqala ukuhlela izixazululi kanye nemithetho eyengeziwe. Leso yisigaba esingalungile. Iklayenti alikaze lithole ikheli lasendaweni, futhi ngaphandle kwalo alinaso isango, alinaso isixazululi futhi akukho esingadluliswa, ngakho akukho kulungiselelwa kwe-VPN ocingweni olusingathi okungachaza lokhu kwehluleka. Ukuxhumana, ukwabiwa kwekheli lasendaweni kanye nokudluliswa kuyizigaba ezintathu ezihlukene, futhi yisigaba sokugcina kuphela esihilela umhubhe.

Izigaba ezintathu, nokuthi ukusiphi

Kuqala ukuxhumana: iklayenti lijoyina inethiwekhi engenazingcingo ye-hotspot. Iphasiwedi engalungile, ukungafani kwe-WPA3 noma inkinga yokuhambisana komsakazo kwehluleka lapha, futhi iklayenti ngokuvamile liyasho. Okwesibili ukwabiwa kwekheli: ku-IPv4 iklayenti licela ukuqashwa futhi lithola ikheli kanye nezilungiselelo zesango lasendaweni, kuyilapho i-IPv6 ngokuvamile isebenzisa izimemezelo ze-router esikhundleni se-DHCP, njengoba imibhalo ye-AOSP mayelana ne-tethering ichaza. Okwesithathu ukufinyelela ngaphandle: ucingo olusingathi ludlulisela ithrafikhi evunyelwe emzileni ophezulu eyawukhethayo, okungenzeka ukuthi ingumhubhe wayo noma cha.

Amagama aseklayenti akutshela isigaba. Ukubamba ekutholeni ikheli yisigaba sesibili, ngaphambi kokuthi noma yimuphi umkhawulo uphume uye ku-inthanethi. Kuxhunyiwe, kunekheli, kodwa akukho okulayishayo yisigaba sesithathu, lapho ukuhlela umzila, amagama kanye nokumboza komhubhe konke kubalulekile. Ukuxilonga isigaba sesithathu ngesikhathi iklayenti libambe kwesesibili yindlela inkinga yokuqashwa yemizuzu emihlanu eyiba ntambama yokuhlela i-DNS.

Inganekwane: i-VPN elele emzileni yenza i-DHCP yasendaweni ibe isicelo esikude

Umhubhe olele emzileni uhambisa amaphakethe e-IP aya ezindaweni eke wazikhetha. Ukutholwa kwe-DHCP ukusakazwa esigabeni se-hotspot uqobo, futhi insizakalo ye-tethering ocingweni iyaphendula kukho ngasendaweni, yingakho iklayenti lingathola ikheli ngesikhathi umhubhe uvuliwe. Ukwakheka okwenziwe ngamabomu ngebhuloho noma okudluliswayo kuphela okuthumela lokho kushintshana kwenye indawo, futhi lokho kungolunye uhlelo olunesiginesha ehlukile yokwehluleka.

Ngakho «iseva ye-VPN ayiphenduli i-DHCP» akusona isixilongo, iphutha lemodeli. Ummeli wasendaweni usocingweni. Uma iyeka ukuphendula, izizathu zingezasendaweni: insizakalo ye-tethering, umkhawulo wamaklayenti, ichibi lokuqashwa noma iklayenti elingakaze liqede ukuxhumana ngendlela efanele. Akukho kulokhu okuhlala ohlangothini olukude lomhubhe.

Yini iklayenti elisebenzayo elikhona eliyifakazelayo ngempela

Uma ikhompyutha ephathekayo eyayixhunyiwe kakade isasebenza ngesikhathi ucingo olusha lungasebenzi, i-hotspot kanye nomzila ophezulu kuyaphila ngokujwayelekile. Lokho kuqhathanisa kuyasiza futhi akusona ubufakazi bokuthi iyiphi ingxenye enecala, ngoba iklayenti elisebenzayo kungenzeka ukuthi limele nje ukuqashwa kwangaphambi koshintsho futhi likuvuselela buthule.

Imikhawulo emibili yasendaweni kufanele ihlolwe ngesikhathi ukhona. I-hotspot isebenzela ichibi lokuqashwa elinomkhawulo kanye nomkhawulo wamaklayenti ongalungiselelwa, ngakho idivayisi ejoyinile yalala ingabamba ikheli ngesikhathi entsha ilindile. Futhi iklayenti elikhumbula ukulungiselelwa okumile okuvela kwenye inethiwekhi ngeke licela ukuqashwa nhlobo, okubonakala kufana ngaphandle futhi kulungiswa kuklayenti, hhayi ocingweni.

Gcina ukuqhathanisa kungokwasendaweni futhi kuhlehliswa

Kudivayisi evumela inqubomgomo, qhathanisa ukujoyina kweklayenti elisha elilodwa nomhubhe ungasebenzi bese kuba usebenza, ugcina i-hotspot neklayenti kungenye indlela kungashintshiwe. Bhala izinguqulo zocingo nezeklayenti, iphrofayela ekhethiwe kanye nesigaba esiqondile esihlulekile. Ocingweni oluphethwe, cela ukuqhathanisa okuvunyelwe esikhundleni sokucisha ukuphoqelela ukuze uthole ukuhlolwa okuhlanzekile.

Ukwehluleka kokuqashwa okungaguquki okuncike emhubheni kuwubufakazi obusizo mayelana nenqubomgomo yasendaweni noma ukusebenzisana kokuqaliswa. Akusona ilayisense yokususa wonke umthetho wokudlulisa kanye ne-NAT kudivayisi. Leyo mithetho ivikela ithrafikhi engahlobene, futhi ukwamukela ukudlulisa okubanzi akuchazi ukuthi kungani insizakalo ye-DHCP yasendaweni yayeka ukuphendula.

Ungambozi ukuqashwa okungekho ngekheli elimile eliqanjiwe. Ukulungiselelwa okumile okwenziwe ngamabomu kudinga i-subnet yangempela, isango, uhlelo lokwaba kanye nokuhlola ukungqubuzana. Ukushintsha i-DNS yeklayenti akunikezi lutho kulokhu, futhi kushiya idivayisi elilandelayo nokwehluleka okufanayo.

Yini ukuqashwa okungakufakazeli

Ukuthola ikheli kufakazela ukwamukelwa kunethiwekhi yasendaweni, hhayi ukuvikelwa umhubhe wocingo. Uma iklayenti selinokuqashwa, hlola umzila ophansi ngokwawo: ingabe ithrafikhi yeklayenti idlula ngempela ocingweni, ingabe izinto ezifunwayo zixazululwa lapho obekulindele, futhi ingabe ikheli langaphandle lihambisana nokuphuma obekuhlosiwe? Le imibuzo yesigaba sesithathu futhi ifanelwe ukuhlolwa kwayo esikhundleni sokufakwa ekujoyineni.

Sebenza ngezigaba ngokulandelana futhi ukwehluleka kuyoyeka ukuhamba. Iklayenti elibambe ekutholeni ikheli umbuzo we-tethering wasendaweni; iklayenti elinekheli kodwa lingenawo amakhasi umbuzo wokudlulisa noma wokuqamba amagama; iklayenti elinamakhasi kodwa ukuphuma kungalungile umbuzo wokumboza komhubhe. Ukuhlukanisa lokhu yikho okuningi kokulungisa iphutha.