I-OSPF noma i-EIGRP phezu kwe-VTI ye-ASA: iyiphi inguqulo yakho eyisekelayo
I-OSPFv2 ne-EIGRP zidlula kuphela ku-VTI ye-ASA kusukela ku-9.19(1), futhi kuphela lapho i-multicast ivuliwe. Qhathanisa zombili enguqulweni oyisebenzisayo, bese uqinisekisa omakhelwane.
Izingxoxo eziningi ze-OSPF ne-EIGRP zicabanga ukuthi umhubhe usuwukwazi ukuthwala iphrothokholi, futhi ku-ASA yisona sici okufanele sihlolwe kuqala. Ukuqhathanisa kuba nesithakazelo kuphela ngemva kokuqinisekiswa kwesithombe, uhlobo lwe-VTI kanye nomzila we-multicast. Uma wehluleka lolu hlelo, uzochitha intambama ukulungisa izikhathi kumhubhe ongasoze wakhe umakhelwane. Ngisiqala sonke lesi sakhiwo ngamanothi enguqulo kanye nokuhleleka okusebenzayo, hhayi ngokuthanda iphrothokholi.
Inguqulo inquma ngaphambi kwephrothokholi
Umhlahlandlela we-VTI we-Cisco we-ASA 9.24 uyisisekelo semibhalo esisebenzisekayo: uchaza ama-VTI amile naguquguqukayo futhi ubala ukuhamba kwemizila okumile, i-BGP, i-OSPF ne-EIGRP. Umlando wezici zawo ubeka ukusekelwa kwe-OSPFv2 ne-EIGRP ku-VTI ku-9.19(1). Noma yini endala kunalokho ingxoxo enye.
Ngakho imibuzo emibili yokuqala iyisicefe futhi iyanquma:
| Check | What decides it |
|---|---|
| Image and release | Whether the feature history lists OSPFv2 or EIGRP on VTI for the version you run |
| VTI type | Static or dynamic, and which routing context the platform permits |
| Multicast on the tunnel | Whether it is enabled, and whether the group limits are respected |
Isitatimende sokuthi i-ASA ayikwazi ukusebenzisa ama-VTI, noma ayikwazi ukuthwala i-IGP, besiyiqiniso kwezinye izithombe ezindala futhi akusona isibalo sokusekelwa samanje. Ngokufanayo, umhlahlandlela ka-9.24 awuwona umyalo wokuthuthukisa yonke idivayisi. Utshela ukuthi lolo guquko lusekela ini, futhi inguqulo yakho esetshenzisiwe kumele iziphendulele yona.
Ukudlula kwe-unicast akusho ukuthi i-IGP izokwakheka
Uwo mhlahlandlela ubeka ukuthi i-unicast idlula ngokuzenzakalela nokuthi i-multicast kumele ivulwe ye-OSPFv2 noma i-EIGRP ku-VTI, nemikhawulo ebhaliwe kumaqembu e-multicast. Lowo musho owodwa uchaza iningi lomakhelwane abehlulekile engiwabonile kulesi sakhiwo. I-ping esebenza emhubheni, noma isimo se-IPsec esiluhlaza, sifakazela umzila we-unicast kuphela. Ukuthola iphrothokholi kudinga umzila we-multicast, futhi kokubili kuhlelwa ngokwahlukene.
Hlola ukuhleleka kwesixhumi somhubhe kuleso silungiselelo se-multicast ngaphambi kokuthinta izikhathi ze-hello noma ze-hold. Uma isilungiselelo singekho, umakhelwane awusindi, awunakwenzeka.
I-OSPF ne-EIGRP ndawonye emhubheni owodwa
Kuwona umhubhe, amaphrothokholi womabili abonakala njengakwezinye izindawo. I-OSPF idinga uhlobo lwenethiwekhi oluhambisanayo, isifunda, ukuqinisekisa kanye namapharamitha omakhelwane; i-EIGRP idinga inombolo yayo ye-AS kanye nezilungiselelo zezinga lesixhumi ezihamba nayo.
Ucupho ukukopisha izitatimende zomakhelwane kusuka kwenye imodeli yomhubhe. Izeluleko mayelana nomakhelwane abamile esakhiweni esingenayo i-VTI zazikhona ukugwema i-multicast, futhi azidluleli ku-VTI okulindeleke ukuthi ithwale iphrothokholi ngokwemvelo. Hlela ukuziphatha kwesixhumi okusekelwayo, bese uvumela iphrothokholi ukuthi yakhe umakhelwane wayo.
Bese uqhathanisa emihlotsheni ehluke ngempela ku-topology yakho: ukusebenzisana nohlangothi olunye, ukuziphatha kokuhlangana ongakuhlola, kanye nolwazi lokusebenza eqenjini lakho. Indaba yomlando yokuthi iphrothokholi eyodwa iyashesha noma ilula ayisona isilinganiso senethiwekhi yakho.
Omakhelwane abalingani nemizila efakiwe
Uma umakhelwane usukhona, hlukanisa okukhiqizwayo kulokho okwamukelwayo. Bheka ukuthi yiziphi iziqalo zamagatsha ezimenywayo yilolo nalolo hlangothi, eziphi ezamukelwayo, eziphi ezikhethwayo futhi eziphi ezifinyelela ithebula lokuhamba. Ubukhulu bokungenisa, ukukhipha nokwaba kabusha kufanele kube ngamabomu hhayi isimemezelo esikhulu sakho konke idivayisi ekwaziyo.
show ospf neighbor futhi show eigrp neighbors kukutshela ukuthi isikhathi siphila. show route kukutshela ukuthi isiqalo segatsha sifike noma cha, futhi leyo imibuzo ehlukene.
Umzila wohlelo lokusebenza uwumbuzo wesithathu futhi. Ubudlelwano bomakhelwane busabalalisa ukufinyeleleka; abunikezi imvume ngodonga lomlilo futhi abufakazeli ukuthi izikhethi zokuhamba kanye nemithetho yokuhlunga ziyavumelana. Qinisekisa ukugeleza okuvunyelwe kanye nomzila wakho wokuphendula ngokuhlolwa okuvunyiwe esikhundleni sokucabanga ukuthi umzila usho inqubomgomo.
Ukuqhathanisa okuqediwe kufanele kubhale ini
Bhala isixhumi somhubhe, inguqulo eyisekelayo, ukushintshana kokulawula okuqinisekisiwe kanye nenqubomgomo yemizila oyibekele umkhawulo. Engeza isilungiselelo se-multicast, ngoba yisona sichasiso esinquma buthule ukuthi okunye kuyasebenza yini. Gcina lowo mbhalo eceleni kwenguqulo esetshenzisiwe ukuze ushintsho lwesici lwakamuva lungabuyekezwa ngaphandle kokuqala kabusha kusukela ekucabangeni osekuvele kwaphelelwa yisikhathi.
Uma kukhona okungekho kulokho okune, unokuthanda hhayi isakhiwo. Qala ngokulungisa iqiniso elingekho; ukukhetha iphrothokholi yingxenye elula.