Umsaki we-EIGRP noma ukudlula kwe-DMVPN? Hlola indima kuqala

Ubumsaki abukho, futhi irutha ephakathi ibonakala iyisola esicacile. Kungenzeka ukuthi ayinacala. Ukudlulisa amaphakethe angaphandle omhubhe nokuhlanganyela kuphrothokholi yokuhlela i-overlay kuyimisebenzi emibili ehlukene, futhi idivayisi ingenza eyokuqala ngaphandle kokwenza eyesibili. Yenza izivivinyo ezinhlanu ezingezansi ngokulandelana futhi ume kweyokuqala ehlulekayo.

Isinyathelo 1: dweba izindima ezimbili

Dweba ubumsaki be-EIGRP obuhleliwe njengoxhumano olunengqondo phakathi kwamarutha amabili, bese udweba amarutha angaphansi (underlay) athwala amaphakethe awo omhubhe. Idivayisi efanayo akudingeki ibe kuzo zombili izinhlu, futhi ukuhlanganisa izinhlu iyisizathu esivame kakhulu sokuthi irutha elinempilo lokudlula lisolwe ngokuphula ubumsaki.

Irutha lokudlula lidlulisa amaphakethe angaphandle ngokuhlela kwayo okujwayelekile kwe-IP kanye nenqubomgomo. Akudingeki isebenzise iphrothokholi ethwelwa ngaphakathi komhubhe ovikelwe, futhi ayidingi inqubo ye-EIGRP ukuze idlulise lawo maphakethe.

Isinyathelo 2: hlola ukuthi idivayisi ephakathi iqeda ini

Uma irutha eliphakathi liqeda umhubhe futhi kufanele lakhe ubumsaki be-EIGRP nama-spoke, impendulo ishintsha ngokuphelele. Leyo divayisi idinga ukuziphatha kokuhlela i-overlay okusekelwayo, futhi ukuyibiza ngokuthi ukudlula akususi imfuneko yomsaki. Funda ukulungiselelwa komhubhe ngaphambi kokulungiselelwa kokuhlela. Leyo mpendulo inquma zonke izivivinyo ezilandelayo.

Ngakho umbuzo wokuqala wangempela awuwona ukuthi iyiphi iphrothokholi okufanele ilungiswe. Umbuzo uwukuthi ibhokisi liyi-hub, i-spoke, igxuma nje langaphansi (underlay), noma isevisi ye-Layer 2 ethwala amafremu phakathi kweziphetho.

Isinyathelo 3: qinisekisa indiza yokulawula yomsaki

Kuyo yonke idivayisi okufanele ibe umsaki, qinisekisa izinto ezine: isenzakalo se-EIGRP kanye nenombolo yohlelo oluzimele, amapharamitha okuqinisekisa, i-interface ehlanganyela enqubeni, kanye nesitatimende senethiwekhi esihlanganisa leyo interface. Ukungafani kwesinye sazo kugcina ubumsaki buphansi ngenkathi i-interface isesikhathi futhi i-ping isaqhubeka.

I-RFC 7868 ichaza i-EIGRP njengephrothokholi ye-IP enokushintshana kokulawula nge-multicast, yingakho ubudlelwano bomsaki bungesiyo into irutha eliphakathi elingayimela ngokuhlela amaphakethe aya endaweni. Kungaba ukushintshana kokulawula kufinyelela kumlingani noma ubumsaki abukheki.

Isinyathelo 4: qinisekisa ukuthi ezokuthutha ziletha ukushintshana kokulawula

Okulandelayo, hlola ukuthi i-overlay ithwala ngempela ithrafikhi yokulawula phakathi kweziphetho ezihlosiwe. Hlola imephu ye-NHRP yomlingani kanye nomzila wangaphandle ofinyelela kuye, bese uqinisekisa ukuthi i-interface yomhubhe isesikhathi futhi idlulisa ithrafikhi. I-ping yangaphansi ephumelelayo ifakazela ukuthi indlela yangaphandle ikhona; ayifakazeli ukuthi ukushintshana kokulawula kwe-overlay kwalethwa.

Isevisi ekhanyayo ye-Layer 2, umhubhe wephoyinti-kuya-phoyinti kanye nefu le-DMVPN lamaphoyinti amaningi aletha i-multicast ngezindlela ezihlukene. Landela imodeli yasekelwayo ye-interface, i-NHRP kanye ne-multicast yalokho okusetshenziswe ngempela esikhundleni sokucabanga ukuthi zontathu ziziphatha ngendlela efanayo.

Isinyathelo 5: klama kabusha umngcele uma ungakwazi ukuhlanganyela

Uma idivayisi ye-overlay edingekayo ingakwazi ukusebenzisa iphrothokholi, shintsha umklamo ngokusobala. Sebenzisa iphrothokholi noma imodeli yokushintshana esekelwayo kulowo mngcele, noma hlela umhubhe ofanele wokuphela-kuya-kuphela ukuze omakhelwane kube yiziphetho ezikhuluma ngempela zodwa. Ungacabangi ukuthi umzila ongaguquki uguqula ongahlanganyeli abe isidluliseli sawo wonke amaphakethe okulawula.

Qopha indima yedivayisi ngayinye kumdwebo futhi uyigcine kanye nokulungiselelwa. RFC 7868 ichaza ukushintshana kwephrothokholi, futhi leyo ncazelo iyisihluthulelo sokuthi kungani ubudlelwano bomsaki bungenakulingiswa ngokudluliswa kokudlula.

Uma ubumsaki busehluleka ngemva kwezivivinyo ezinhlanu, abasolwa abasele yizici zepulatifomu njengokuphathwa kwe-multicast ku-interface yomhubhe kanye nenqubomgomo ehlunga iphrothokholi 88. Lezi izizathu eziqondile nezingahlolwa, futhi zibaluleke kakhulu kunomunye umzuliswano wokusola irutha eliphakathi.