Indlela yokufunda isimo se-VPN ne-proxy yohlelo lokusebenza oluphethwe

Uhlelo lokusebenza lwehluleka ocingweni oluphethwe, othile uhlola iswishi ye-VPN, uyibona ivuliwe futhi umemezela ukuthi indlela inempilo. Lapha kugcina khona iningi lalezi zixwayiso, futhi kushesha kakhulu: ukuthutha kwe-VPN okusebenzayo akusho ukuthi izicelo zalolu hlelo zikusebenzisile, futhi i-proxy esebenza ngempela ingaba ngeyohlelo ngalunye noma ikhethwe yifayela le-PAC esikhundleni sokuvezwa Kuzilungiselelo. Qala ngohlelo oluthile kanye nephrofayela oyilungisayo, bese ufunda umbono wale platiformi ngokwayo mayelana nendlela.

Qala ngohlelo kanye nephrofayela yalo

Uhlelo olunophawu lomsebenzi luvamise ukusebenza kuphrofayela ehlukile enomgomo wayo wenethiwekhi. Isiphequluli somuntu siqu ocingweni olufanayo akusona ubufakazi bayo, futhi nomphumela ovela ocingweni lozakwethu onokuphathwa okuhlukile awusona. Phawula ukuthi uhlelo lungolwaluphi uphrofayela ngaphambi kokufunda noma yini.

Kuzilungiselelo, bala izinto ze-VPN ezilungisiwe futhi uphawule ukuthi nguyiphi eka bani. Ezakhini ze-Samsung, amalebula emenyu ayashintsha phakathi kokukhishwa, ngakho chaza into uqobo, hhayi indlela eya kuyo. Into empunga noma ephethwe ingeyalowo ophethe idivayisi; ukuyicisha njengokuhlola kushintsha lokho ozama ukukukala futhi kungase kuphikisane nomgomo.

Funda isimo esibikwa ipulatifomu

Ngaphakathi komsebenzi okhona kumathuluzi akho okusekela, ku-API 23 noma ngaphezulu, isimo senethiwekhi singafundwa ngaphandle kokuthumela ngisho ibhayithi elilodwa. Ucingo ludinga imvume ye-manifest evamile ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE ukuze kufundwe amakhono.

val cm = getSystemService(android.net.ConnectivityManager::class.java) ?: return
val network = cm.activeNetwork
val caps = network?.let { cm.getNetworkCapabilities(it) }
val hasVpn = caps?.hasTransport(android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_VPN)
val proxy = cm.defaultProxy

Inani ngalinye liphendula umbuzo omncane. Inethiwekhi esebenzayo iyinethiwekhi ezenzakalelayo yenqubo ebizayo ngaleso sikhathi. Ukuhlolwa kwamakhono kukutshela ukuthi leyo nethiwekhi ezenzakalelayo isekelwa yi-VPN yini. Ucingo lwe-proxy lubika i-proxy ye-HTTP ezenzakalelayo esebenzayo, futhi into ebuyisiwe ingachaza i-proxy emile noma umbhalo we-PAC.

Uma udinga umbono wenethiwekhi ngayinye esikhundleni sokwezenzakalelayo, funda izakhiwo zokuxhumana zale yo nethiwekhi futhi uqhathanise ne-cm.getLinkProperties(network)?.httpProxy. I-proxy efakwe ukuphathwa kwedivayisi ivela ocingweni lwe-proxy ezenzakalelayo futhi ayiveli ezakhiweni zokuxhumana, okuyindlela esheshayo yokuhlukanisa i-proxy enikezwe umgomo kuleyo enikezwe inethiwekhi.

Gcina okukhiphayo esiteshini sakho sokusekela hhayi kumbiko womphakathi. Amagama asebungazini be-proxy, ama-URL e-PAC kanye nezijobelelo zangaphakathi zembula ukuthi inhlangano yakho ihambisa kanjani ithrafikhi, futhi akukho kukho okudingekayo ukuchaza ukwehluleka.

Chaza insimu ngayinye ngobumncane

Inethiwekhi engu-null noma into yamakhono engu-null isho ukuthi isimo senethiwekhi somfoni obizayo sasingekho noma sashintsha ngesikhathi kufundwa. Lokho akusho ukuthi awekho ama-VPN. Kuthatha njengokungaziwa futhi ufunde futhi ngemva kokuba uhlelo lufike phambili, hhayi njengomphumela ongemuhle.

Ukuthutha kwe-VPN kuphakathi kwezimpawu ezinhle kakhulu ezibuthakathaka. Noma yiluphi uhlelo oluphethe i-VpnService lukhiqiza olunye, kuhlanganise nohlelo lwasekhaya lokuhlunga olungakaze luthumele ithrafikhi yakho ndawo. Ngakho inani elithi true lisho ukuthi inethiwekhi ezenzakalelayo esekelwa yi-VPN ikhona, hhayi ukuthi kwasebenziswa indlela yokuphuma yenhlangano yakho futhi nakanjani hhayi ukuthi kwenziwe ukuhlola.

I-proxy ezenzakalelayo engu-null isho ukuthi le API ayibiki i-proxy ye-HTTP ezenzakalelayo yokumiswa okusebenzayo. Ikhipha okuncane kakhulu: uhlelo lungaba nesilungiselelo salo se-SOCKS, lusebenzise iklayenti lalo le-HTTP, noma luqondiswe i-proxy esangweni okungaziwa idivayisi.

I-PAC iyisimo esinqoba impendulo yenani elilodwa. Umbhalo ungahambisa indawo eyodwa nge-proxy futhi uthumele enye ngqo, ngakho izicelo ezimbili zohlelo olufanayo phakathi kwesekhondi zingathatha izindlela ezahlukene. Futhi uhlelo olubopha amasokhethi alo kunethiwekhi ekhethiwe, noma olubiza i-bindProcessToNetwork, aluphoqelekile ukulandela okwezenzakalelayo nhlobo.

Lokho lesi sithombe esingeke sikutshele khona

Lona akusona umlando. Akukho lapha okubhala ukuthi isicelo esihlulekile sathatha yiphi indlela, futhi ukufunda okuphumelelayo ngemva kokwehluleka akusona ubufakazi ngokwehluleka. Futhi akusona uhlu lwempahla: uthola inethiwekhi ezenzakalelayo yenqubo ebizayo, hhayi uhlu lwezixhumo eziyimfihlo zohlelo ngalunye.

Futhi akusho lutho mayelana nalokho okwenzeka ngaphezu kwesokhethi. Ukuxhawulana kwe-TLS okwehluleka kudivayisi ephethwe kungaba inkinga yesitoreji sokuthembela, ukungafani kokufakwa noma igama elingamukelwa i-proxy, futhi akukho kukho okuvela ekufundweni kokuxhumana.

Yingakho izingxenye zombili zibalulekile ndawonye: isithombe sinciphisa lapho ubheka khona, futhi ukuxilongwa kohlelo uqobo kusho ukuthi yini ehlulekile ngempela.

Bika ngendlela umphathi angayisebenzisa

Nikeza uhlelo oluthintekile, iphrofayela, uphawu lwesikhathi kanye nesigaba esiqondile esihlulekile: ukuxazululwa kwamagama, ukuxhumana kwe-TCP, ukuxhawulana kwe-TLS noma isimo se-HTTP. Engeza amanani esithombe njengoba afundwa, ama-null abhalwe njengama-null hhayi njengegama elithi akukho. Phawula ukuthi ezinye izinhlelo kuphrofayela efanayo ziyehluleka ngendlela efanayo yini, lokho okuhlukanisa inkinga yohlelo nenkinga yendlela kuyo yonke iphrofayela.

Bese uma futhi uvumele umnikazi wendlela ukuba aphendule. Ungakuthatheli isitifiketi sebizinisi, ikheli le-proxy noma into ye-VPN njengemvume yokususa ukuphathwa noma yokudlula umzila ogunyaziwe; lokho kuphendula icala lokusekela libe isigameko somgomo.

Isivumelwano se-proxy ezenzakalelayo sifushane futhi kufanele sifundwe kanye, ngoba sichaza ngqo ukuthi iyiphi i-proxy ebikwa ucingo, futhi ukufunda ngokweqile kwalesi sithombe kuqala ngokucabanga ukuthi sibika okwengeziwe.