DNSSEC noma i-VPN: iyiphi efihla imibuzo yakho ye-DNS?

Izindlela ezimbili zinikezwa umsebenzi owodwa futhi akukho nokukodwa kuzo okwenzayo. I-DNSSEC iyaphendula ukuthi idatha oyitholile yavela ngempela esifundeni esiyishicilelayo yini, kanti i-VPN inquma ukuthi amaphakethe akho azohamba ngawuphi umzila. Akukho nokukodwa kuzo okufihla igama olicelile kuzo zonke izimo, futhi izilungiselelo ezibonakala sengathi kufanele zikwenze lokho ngokuvamile ziphathelene nokuthutha noma umzila hhayi ukuqinisekisa. Ukuqamba ungqimba kuqala kwenza umbuzo ongaqondile wemfihlo ube umbuzo oqondile.

Izimangalo ezintathu ezihlangana zibe yinye

Ubuqiniso yisimangalo sokuthi impendulo yileyo eyashicilelwa isifunda nokuthi ayizange ishintshwe endleleni. Imfihlo yisimangalo sokuthi akekho osendleleni ongakwazi ukufunda umbuzo noma impendulo. Umzila yisimangalo sokuthi amaphakethe alandela umzila owukhethile, futhi yikho kanye okunikezwa ithunjana.

I-DNSSEC ibhekana nelokuqala futhi ayisho lutho mayelana nezinye ezimbili. I-DoT ne-DoH zibhekana nelokugcina ukuze kufinyelelwe kusixazululi. I-VPN ibhekana nelokuthathu futhi ingase ibe nomthelela nakulokugcina, kodwa njengomphumela oseceleni wokuthi uhamba kuphi ukhukhamba.

Ukhukhamba lohlelo lokusebenza yisimo sesine: i-HTTPS ivikela futhi iqinisekisa ukushintshana kwewebhu phakathi kweklayenti lakho nesizinda, futhi alukho ungqimba lwe-DNS oluthatha indawo yalo.

Ukuqinisekisa isiginesha kungenza ini futhi akukwazi ukwenza ini

Isixazululi esiqinisekisayo sihlola uchungechunge lwezisiginesha kusuka esifundeni kuze kufike ku-anchor yokuthembela emisiwe, bese sibuyisela impendulo enefulegi yedatha eqinisekisiwe uma ukuhlola kuphumelela. Leyo fulegi iwubufakazi mayelana nedatha, hhayi mayelana noxhumano noma izinhloso zendawo oya kuyo.

Ayikwazi ukuvimbela umnikazi wesifunda osemthethweni ekushicileleni amarekhodi eqiniso ensizakalo okufanele ungayithembi. Impendulo esayinwe ngendlela efanele evela esizindeni esihlaselwe iseyinto esayinwe ngendlela efanele, futhi i-DNSSEC ayinawo umbono wokuthi leso sizinda sifanelekela imininingwane yakho yokungena.

Futhi ayifihli lutho. Umbuzo nempendulo ziwela inethiwekhi ngendlela isixazululi nanoma yisiphi isibukeli kulowo mzila engakwazi ukuyifunda, ngaphandle uma olunye ungqimba luvikela ukuthutha. Impendulo esayiniwe nempendulo yomuntu siqu ziyizici ezihlukene, futhi ukusetshenziswa kungaba nokukodwa kazo. Hlola kokubili uma omunye wabo ubalulekile kuwe.

Imfihlo ivela kuphi ngempela

Ukuthutha okubethelwe okuya kusixazululi kusonga ukushintshana kwe-DNS ku-TLS, ngakho isixazululi sisabona umbuzo kodwa umzila phakathi kwakho naso awuwuboni. Lokhu kuhambisa ukuthembela esikhundleni kokukususa: uthemba isixazululi kakhulu futhi uthemba inethiwekhi yasendaweni kancane.

I-VPN ingahambisa imibuzo iyise kusixazululi esingaphesheya, okushintsha kokubili umzila kanye nesixazululi esiyibonayo. Lesi yisinqumo somzila esinomphumela wemfihlo, futhi kunethiwekhi elawulwayo isixazululi sangaphakathi kungaba ukuphela kwento engaphendula amagama angaphakathi.

Inhlanganisela abantu abayifunayo ngempela ngokuvamile yizinto ezintathu ngesikhathi esisodwa: ukuqinisekisa kuvuliwe, ukuthutha okubethelwe okuya kusixazululi abasikhethile, kanye ne-TLS yohlelo lokusebenza endaweni oya kuyo. Ngayinye izimele, futhi ukweqa eyodwa kushiya igebe elihlukile.

Hlola ukuqinisekisa nokuthutha ngokwehlukana

Izivivinyo ezimbili zixazulula ukudideka okuningi. Eyokuqala ibuza ukuthi isixazululi siyiqinisekisile yini impendulo; eyesibili ibuza ukuthi ukuthutha bekukuvikelelekile yini. Zehluleka ngezindlela ezihlukene futhi akukho okukodwa okusho okunye.

Le mikhondo iphrinta amafulegi avela embuzweni oqinisekisayo, iphinda umbuzo ngokuhlola kucishiwe, futhi isebenzisa ukuqinisekisa kwasendaweni nge-delv:

dig +dnssec example.com | grep flags
dig +cd example.com | grep status
delv example.com

Impendulo enefulegi yedatha eqinisekisiwe nesiginesha ekhona ibonisa ukuqinisekisa kuleso sixazululi. Ukwehluleka kokuqinisekisa nge-delv kubonisa uchungechunge olwephukile ndawana thize phakathi kwesifunda ne-anchor yokuthembela, okuyinto inkinga yokushicilela hhayi inkinga yethunjana. Ukuphela kwesikhathi ngaphandle kwanoma yiliphi ifulegi kuyinkinga yokuthutha noma yokufinyeleleka, futhi ukukuthatha njengokwehluleka kwesiginesha kukuthumela ongqimbeni olungalungile.

Yini okufanele uyenze uma i-VPN iphula ukusesha

Uma ukusesha bekusebenza ngaphambi kwethunjana futhi kuma ngemuva kwalo, qhathanisa isixazululi esisetshenziswa umzila ngamunye. Ithunjana elihlukanisiwe, isixazululi sangaphakathi esifinyeleleka kuphela ngethunjana, kanye neklayenti elibhala kabusha izilungiselelo zesixazululi konke kushintsha impendulo ngaphandle kokuthinta i-DNSSEC.

Ukuvala ukuqinisekisa emhlabeni wonke kuyisinyathelo sokuqala esingalungile, ngoba kususa indlela eyodwa kuphela ebika ukugxambukela futhi akulungisi isixazululi esingafinyeleleki. Qala ukunciphisa isiphambeko: ukuxazulula, ukuthutha, ukuqinisekisa, bese kuba umgomo. Okwesithathu kuphela okungokwe-DNSSEC, futhi okwesibili kuphela okungokokuthutha okubethelwe.