I-DNS ye-VPN ayilungile? Iseva eyodwa enegunya ingase ibe endala

Xhuma i-VPN futhi igama elilodwa lomsingathi lixazululwa liye ekhelini langayizolo, noma liye kukho lutho. Nqamula futhi iyasebenza futhi. Umkhuba wokuqala ukusola isixazululi umhubhe owusicindezelayo, kodwa imbangela evame kakhulu iseva yamagama eshicilelwe eyayeka ukuthola izibuyekezo zendawo. Indlela entsha ivele yafinyelela kwesinye isigunyaziso esihlukile kuleso umphendulo wakho ogciniwe owavela kuso.

Isibonakaliso siyashintsha ngesixazululi

Isixazululi esiphindaphindayo sibuyisela lokho okushiwo isigunyaziso kuso, bese sigcina leyo mphendulo kuze kuphele i-TTL. Uma umhubhe usicindezela esinye isixazululi, noma ushintsha indlela ukuze esidala singasafinyeleleki, iklayenti libuza esinye isigunyaziso futhi lithola enye imphendulo. Isizinda asizange sishintshe ngaleso sikhathi; umbono wakho ngaso washintsha.

Yingakho igama elifanayo lingasebenza ehhovisi elilodwa futhi lihluleke lisuka ehhotela, futhi yingakho ukusula ingqondo yokugcina yendawo kusiza ngezinye izikhathi kuphela. Ukusula ingqondo yokugcina kuthumela umbuzo kusigunyaziso esifanayo futhi.

Isivivinyo esihlukanisayo umbuzo oqondile kuseva ngayinye eshicilelwe.

Buza isigunyaziso ngasinye ngqo

Qala ekudlulisweni hhayi ohlwini olukhumbulayo. Buza umzali ngesethi ye-NS, bese ubuza igama ngalinye kulelo sethi ngerekhodi olidingayo. Imibuzo emibili ngegama elifanayo ezihlukile itshela ngokushesha ukuthi indawo iyahambisana yini.

dig +short NS example.com
dig @ns1.dns.example app.example.com A
dig @ns2.dns.example app.example.com A

Yenza okufanayo kumarekhodi e-NS esicongweni sendawo, ngoba ngemva kokufuduka ukudluliswa komzali nesethi ye-NS yendawo uqobo kungase kungavumelani. Izinombolo zokulandelana ku-SOA iyinto elandelayo okufanele iqhathaniswe, futhi iseva yesibili esalele emuva kakhulu inkinga yokudlulisa, hhayi inkinga yemphendulo.

Sebenzisa leyo mibuzo isuka kunethiwekhi ehlulekayo, hhayi etafuleni lakho kuphela.

Hlukanisa imibono ehlosiwe kuleyo ephukile

Ezinye izizinda ziphendula ngamabomu ngendlela ehlukile ngokwesifunda noma ngeqembu lesixazululi, futhi ukuhlelwa komkhathi ohlukanisiwe kuvamile kunethiwekhi zebhizinisi.

Umbuzo uwukuthi umehluko ubhalisiwe futhi uzinzile yini. Umbono ongahlosiwe ubonakala uhlukile: isigunyaziso esisodwa sinerekhodi elingazange litholwe ezinye, noma asinayo leyo abayabelana ngayo bonke. Umhlahlandlela we-RFC 2182 wokukhetha nokwethula uthatha ukutholakala kwesigunyaziso njengomthwalo wemfanelo owabiwe, futhi lokho kuyisakhiwo esifanele lapha. Ukweqeza kwenzeka kuphela uma iseva ngayinye eshicilelwe ikwazi ukuphendula ngemininingwane ehlosiwe, hhayi nje ukwamukela ukuxhumana kuphothi 53.

Iseva ephendula nge-SERVFAIL ilula ukuyihlola kunaleyo ephendula ngokuzethemba nangokungalungile.

Ukufuduka kwembula lokho ingqondo yokugcina eyayikufihlile

Ngesikhathi sokushintsha umhlinzeki, izindawo ezimbili ezinamagunya ziyashintsha: ukudluliswa komzali namarekhodi e-NS endawo uqobo. Kokubili kufanele kubuyekezwe, futhi kokubili kugcinwa ku-TTL yako. Uma iseva endala ihlala isebenza futhi iqhubeka nokuhlinzeka ngendawo yangaphambili, amaklayenti izixazululi zawo ezibuza kuyo azoqhubeka nokuthola imphendulo endala isikhathi eside ngemva kokuba ushintsho lubonakale luphelile.

Yiso leso simo esifihlwa ingqondo yokugcina ehlala isikhathi eside. Isiteshi sokusebenza ebesisebenza isonto lonke besikhuluma nesixazululi ebesiphethe imphendulo entsha evela kwisigunyaziso esisha, ngesikhathi esidala siqhubeka nokusabalalisa imininingwane endala kubo bonke abanye.

Ukushintsha isixazululi kukhompyutha ephathekayo kulungisa leyo khompyutha futhi akukho okunye.

Lungisa indawo, hhayi isixazululi

Khomba ukuthi imaphi amaseva okufanele abe namagunya endawo, lungisa indawo ephethwe noma ukudluliswa ukuze ngayinye yazo inikeze imininingwane ehlosiwe, futhi gcina ukweqeza obekuhleliwe. Ukususa iseva yamagama ngenxa yokuthi umnyango owodwa we-VPN uthole imphendulo eyinqaba kwehlisa ukutholakala futhi kushiya ukungavumelani endaweni yako.

Bese uphinda usebenzise imibuzo eqondile kusuka kunethiwekhi zombili futhi ulinde ukuphela kwe-TTL yerekhodi olishintshile.

Qinisekisa ukuthi imphendulo izinzile kusuka kwisigunyaziso ngasinye, futhi bhala umbono ohlosiwe emibhalweni yendawo ukuze umehluko olandelayo uhlukaniswe kalula.