I-AnyConnect iyawa uma uvala itheminali: ukuhlola amaseshini

Ithuneli lisebenza, uvala itheminali eyengeziwe, futhi i-VPN iyawa ngaphandle kokucindezelwa kwenkinobho eyodwa kuklayenti. Kuklayenti le-AnyConnect ku-Linux imbangela ebikiwe iwukubalwa kwamaseshini hhayi ukuhlelwa kwemizila: iklayenti lirekhoda ukuthi yimaphi amaseshini okungena ayekhona ngesikhathi ithuneli likhuphuka futhi lithatha ukuphela kwanoma yiliphi lawo njengesizathu sokulidiliza. Izinto ezihlolwayo ngezansi zihamba ngokulandelana, futhi eyokuqala ehlulekayo ikutshela ukuthi ngempela ubona lokhu kuziphatha. Akukho lutho emiphumeleni evamile yeklayenti okhuluma ngetheminali, yingakho umcabango wokuqala, wokumangalela umhlanganisi, ngokuvamile uwumsebenzi oyize.

Ungaqali ngokuhlela amafayela ohlelo. Isinyathelo ngasinye sichaza ukuwa noma sisusa umncintiswano oyedwa, futhi izinyathelo ezishibhile ziza kuqala.

Hlukanisa ukuwa kweseshini nokuwa kwengxenye engaphansi

Xhuma futhi ngokushesha ngemva kokunqanyulwa. Ithuneli elibuya phakathi namasekhondi ambalwa, kwinethiwekhi efanayo futhi ngaphandle kobufakazi obusha, likhomba isisusa sasendaweni njengeseshini elivaliwe hhayi uxhumano oluphezulu olufile, ukuzulazula kwe-Wi-Fi noma isikhathi sokungenzi lutho kumhlanganisi. Ithuneli elilenga ku-Connecting, noma elihluleka kuze kube ushintsha inethiwekhi, liwumbhalo ohlukile.

Bhala phansi ukuthi yini eyayivuliwe ngesikhathi ithuneli likhuphuka: itheminali owagijima kuyo iklayenti, noma iyiphi i-shell yesibili, ukungena kwesithombe, nanoma iyiphi iseshini ye-SSH evela komunye umshini. Lolo hlu luyokudinga maduzane, futhi ukulwakha kabusha ngememori ngemva kokuwa okulandelayo akuthembekile.

Hlola ukuthi iklayenti larekhoda ini ngesikhathi sokuxhuma

Iklayenti alihloli abazali bezinqubo noma ubunikazi betheminali. Lithatha isithombe seqoqo lamaseshini okungena ayekhona ngesikhathi sokuxhuma bese liqhathanisa lelo qoqo kamuva; lapho ilungu linyamalala, ukuqhathanisa kuyahluleka futhi ithuneli lihambe nalo. Yingakho ukuvala iwindi owaxhumela kulo kungase kungabi yingozi kuyilapho ukuvala itheminali eyengeziwe engahlobene kubulala uxhumano: okubalulekile ukuthi lowo seshini wawukulo qoqo lokuqala yini. Lokhu ukuqhathanisa kweqoqo hhayi ukubala, yingakho ukushintsha iseshini kungase kube yingozi njengokulahlekelwa yisinye.

Bhala uhlu lwalokho iklayenti elalikubona ngaphambi kokushintsha noma yini:

who
w
last -n 10
sudo ls -l /run/utmp

Umgqa ngamunye ovela ku-who uyirekhodi yenqubo yomsebenzisi ku-utmp. Uma iseshini yakho ibonakala kabili, esinye sesokungena kwesithombe nesinye setheminali, womabili amarekhodi ayekhona ngesikhathi sokuxhuma futhi womabili angabazekayo.

Susa irekhodi lakho kuphela ku-utmp

Isixazululo esishicilelwe senza iseshini ozosebenzisa ingabonakali ku-utmp ngaphambi kokuthi iklayenti liqale. Uhlelo oluncane lwe-C ludlula ku-getutent(), luthola irekhodi eline-ut_line elilingana ne-TTY yokufaka okujwayelekile, bese libhala kabusha lelo rekhodi. Ukulandelana kunenjongo: setutent(), funda irekhodi, kopisha i-ut_id yalo, setha i-ut_type ibe yi-DEAD_PROCESS, sula izinkambu zomsebenzisi nomugqa, bhala kabusha nge-pututline(), bese kuba yi-endutent().

Yihlanganise, bese uyigijima njenge-root kusuka ku-shell ezothi iqalise iklayenti:

sudo ./utmpremove && /opt/cisco/anyconnect/bin/vpn -s connect vpn.example.edu

Izindlela ezimbili zokuhluleka zichaza iningi lemibiko yokuthi ithuluzi alwenzi lutho. Lisebenza ku-TTY exhunywe kokufaka okujwayelekile, ngakho ukuligijima kusuka kuskripthi noma umsebenzi we-cron ongena theminali akushiyi lutho lokufanisa. Futhi i-/run/utmp ayibhaleki ngabasebenzisi abajwayelekile, ngakho ukugijima ngaphandle kwe-root kuhluleka buthule ngaphandle uma uhlola isimo sokuphuma.

Qinisekisa ukuthi ithuneli liyasinda ekuvalweni

Hlola indlela esebenzayo esikhundleni sokuyicabangela. Xhuma kusuka kwiseshini ofuna ukuyigcina, vula itheminali yesibili, vala eyesibili, bese uqinisekisa nge-vpn state nokubheka uhlu lwezixhumi ukuthi ithuneli lisekhona. Uma ithuneli lisinda, isisusa kwakuwuhlobo oluthile lweseshini hhayi wonke amaseshini, futhi uthole iseshini okufanele ihlale ivuliwe.

Uma lisawa noma kanjalo, iseshini ebibhekwe yayikwenye indawo, ngokuvamile ukungena kwesithombe okwadala itheminali yakho, futhi ukususa irekhodi elilodwa le-TTY akusizi. Phinda ukubheka ngohlu oluphelele lwesinyathelo sokuqala esikhundleni sokwengeza ukuhlinzwa okwengeziwe.

Lapho ukubhala kabusha i-utmp kuyimpendulo engalungile

I-utmp iwukubalwa okwabiwe, hhayi ithebula lomuntu siqu. Ukubhala kabusha irekhodi leseshini esaphila kwenza i-who, i-w namanye amathuluzi okuhlola kube kubika kancane, futhi uhlelo oluzovala lelo rekhodi kamuva lungahluleka ngokuphelele. Gcina ithuluzi lingaphumi kwiseshini yakho, gcina ikhophi yefayela lokuqala, futhi ungalenzi libe yisevisi yokuqalisa esusa wonke amarekhodi.

Uma isayithi lakho liqoqa ukubalwa kwamaseshini ukuze kuhambisane nemithetho, lesi sixazululo siyaphikisana naleyo mfuneko futhi impendulo esekelwayo inguqulo yeklayenti noma enye indlela yokufinyelela, hhayi i-utmp eselungisiwe. Kwabaningi ukulungisa okungaphazamisi kakhulu ukuqala iklayenti kusuka kwiseshini ezohlala ivuliwe usuku lonke bese ushiya lelo watiivi.

Ngaphambi kokuvala ithikithi, rekhoda ukuthi iklayenti lalibheka yiphi iseshini ngesikhathi ithuneli likhuphuka. Lowo mugqa owodwa wenza ukunqanyulwa okuyimfihlakalo kube yisimo esingaphindwa kumuntu olandelayo emshinini.