Beka isango le-VPN eceleni kwe-Windows XP, hhayi ngaphakathi kwayo

Kwenye indawo esakhiweni kunesikhathi esisebenza ngohlelo lokusebenza okungekho muntu ongalushintsha, kusistimu yokusebenza okufanele ingaxhunyaniswa nanoma yini. Ukuphuma kusixhumi senethiwekhi salowo mhambi iyona ndlela esheshayo yokubona ukuthi umhubhe kufanele ube kuphi. Ezinhlelweni eziningi awukho kulo mhambi nhlobo. Yihambisa igxathu elilodwa eceleni esangweni elinakekelwayo, futhi inkinga endala izoncipha ibuyele ohlelweni eyaqala ngalo.

Qala kusixhumi somhambi, hhayi kuklayenti ye-VPN

Vula izici zesixhumi bese unikeza umhambi ikheli eligxilile esigabeni esincane esikhethiwe, isango libe indlela yakhe yokuqala. Ngaleso sikhathi umhambi akadingi iklayenti lomhubhe, ubufakazi bomhubhe noma amafayela ohlu lwemizila angena kunethiwekhi ebanzi yenkampani. Uma uhlelo ludinga isethi engaphansi eyodwa ekude, engeza leyo ndlela eyodwa kuphela.

C:\> route add 10.20.30.0 mask 255.255.255.0 192.168.50.1 -p

Leyo myalo ibophela indawo eyodwa esangweni bese ishiya konke okunye kungenandlela, futhi yilowo mumo owufunayo. Qinisekisa umphumela nge-route print esikhundleni sokuthemba ikhodi yokuphuma. Bese uhlola ukuthi uhlelo lusaxazulula igama leseva yalo, ngoba umhambi wasendulo onesixazululi esiphukile ubonakala njengokwehluleka kwenethiwekhi ngqo, futhi ukulungisa isixazululi kungumsebenzi wemizuzu emihlanu kuyilapho ukwakha kabusha uhlelo ngemva koshintsho lwenethiwekhi olungalungile kungenjalo. Yonke indawo umhambi angakwazi ukufinyelela kuyo iyinto eyodwa encane isitaki senethiwekhi esidala esingakhohliswa ukuba sihlasele.

Beka umhubhe kuhadiwe ongayibuyekeza

Isango lifuna izixhumanisi ezimbili: esisodwa sibheke esigabeni somhambi futhi esinye sibheke lapho uhlelo luhlala khona, umhubhe uphela kwesibili. Leyo divayisi ingamukela izibuyekezo ze-firmware, ishintshe ukucushwa kwayo kwe-cryptographic futhi irekhode ukuhamba ngaphandle kokuthi kube khona umuntu othinta umshini wakudala. Umhlinzeki wayo futhi uthumela izilungiso zokuqaliswa komhubhe, umhambi angeke azithole. Imishini emibili nesikhathi sokugcina akusona isizathu sokukopisha iresiphi yemfihlo engaguquki kusuka ekuthunyelweni kwenkundla.

Nika isango ngalinye ubunikazi bukahambisani naye esikhundleni sokukopisha ukucushwa kweklayenti elilodwa kubutho lonke. Uma iyunithi ishintshwa, hoxisa ubunikazi obudala ngesikhathi esifanayo lapho ufaka entsha ku-inthanethi, uma kungenjalo uzosala namakhophi amabili angalawulwa aqinisekisa endaweni efanayo yokugcina. Gcina okhiye lapho uhlelo lokulawula lwesango lulindele khona, phatha isipele sokucushwa njengemfihlo futhi uhlole ukuthi ubani angathumela lokho kucushwa, ngoba manje yikho okunquma lapho umhambi wasendulo angafinyelela khona.

Vumela izinsizakalo, hhayi amanethiwekhi

Bhala inqubomgomo ngokweprotocol, imbobo kanye nendlela phakathi kwezixhumanisi ezimbili. Imbobo eyodwa evunyelwe iya ekhelini elilodwa lohlelo iyimpendulo evamile, futhi indlela yokuphatha ngomhambi wokugxuma ihlanganisa okusele.

Ukuphathwa kude komhambi wasendulo akufanele kuhamba ngomthetho ofanayo nohlelo, futhi ukuhlola ukwenqaba kubalulekile njengokubhala umthetho. Thumela isicelo esisodwa kusuka kumhambi siya endaweni oyilindele ukwenqatshwa bese uqinisekisa ukuthi ukwenqaba kuvela kunqubomgomo, hhayi endleleni engekho. Rekhoda ukuhamba okuvumelayo ngenkathi umklamo msha, ukuze ubone lokho uhlelo olusebenzayo ngempela hhayi lokho okushiwo imibhalo yalo. Ukuhlanganisa amasethi amabili angaphansi ngoba isifundo esinebhuloho sasibonakala sifushane yiyo indlela isigaba esidala esiba isitebhisi sokugxuma buthule ngayo.

Ungadaluli isilaleli esidala ngqo ku-inthanethi njengendlela emfushane yokuzungeza isango. Gcina indlela yokuphatha ihlukile endleleni yohlelo ukuze ukuhlaselwa kwenye kungadlulisi enye. Umthetho ongalokothi usebenze umthetho ongeke uqinisekiswe muntu, yingakho indawo enqatshiwe ingena ekusetshenzisweni kokwamukela.

Ukubuyisela kufanele kusebenze ngaphandle komhubhe

Nquma ukuthi ubani obuyekeza futhi obuyisela isango ngaphambi kokuphazamiseka kokuqala, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi lowo muntu angafinyelela kulo ngaphandle komhubhe eliwuqedayo. Ukufinyelela kwekhonsoli, imbobo yokuphatha yasendaweni noma indlela engaphandle kwebhande konke kubalwa njengezimpendulo. Isango elingacushwa kuphela ngomhubhe eliwuhlinzekayo iyicupho elilindela ngokubekezela ukushtshwa kwe-firmware okubi.

Bhala incwadi yokusebenza yokwehluleka ozokuhlangabezana nakho ngempela: umhubhe phansi, isango lifile, idiski yomhambi inyamalele. Gcina isithombe sokubuyisela somhambi ngaphansi kwanoma yisiphi isivumelwano sokusekelwa esisekhona, futhi khumbula ukuthi ukubuyisela kubuyisela nesimo sesoftware kanye nobufakazi obungaphakathi kwaleso sithombe. Buyisela kuqala esigabeni esihlukanisiwe, qinisekisa ukuthi uhlelo luyaqala bese uxhuma noma yini ngemuva kwalokho; uma isango lishintsha, buyekeza incwadi yokusebenza kanye nohlu lwempahla esikhathini esifanayo.

Izitifiketi, amawashi nezexwayiso zesiginesha

Ukuphela kwesitifiketi somfaki akukudzi kona uqobo ukuthi ukuhlolwa kwesiginesha kuzothini namuhla. Umhlahlandlela we-Microsoft mayelana nezimpawu zesikhathi ze-Authenticode uchaza ukuthi uphawu lwesikhathi lungagcina isiginesha siqinisekiseka ngemva kokuphela kwesitifiketi sokusayina, futhi ukuqinisekisa kusencike kusiginesha, uchungechunge lokwethemba kanye nomqinisekisi owenza umsebenzi. Ngakho-ke imishini emibili enezitolo zokwethemba ezihlukene ingase ingavumelani ngefayela elilodwa. Umqambimlando ophelelwe yisikhathi akusona ubufakazi bokuthi ifayela le-binary linobungozi, futhi isiginesha esivumelekile akusona ubufakazi bokuthi isoftware iyanakekelwa.

Ungabuyiseli emuva iwashi lesistimu futhi ungacimi ukuhlolwa kwesiginesha ukuze umfaki wasendulo asebenze. Thola into egunyaziwe kusuka kulowo osasekela uhlelo bese ubavumela ukuthi basho lokho okwamukelwa yipulatifomu. Phatha okuthunyelwe okuthi ukwakhiwa okuthile kwakungokugcina ku-XP njengomlando, hhayi njengomgomo wokufaka, ngoba imfuneko yangempela incike ohlelweni; uma umsebenzi wokulondoloza udingeka ngempela, uwugcine esigabeni esihlukanisiwe kude nokufinyelela kokukhiqiza futhi ubhale ukuthi kungani ukhona.