Kungani izivivinyo ezimbili zesivinini se-VPN emhubheni owodwa zingavumelani

Imigijimo emibili, umhubhe owodwa, futhi izinombolo zihluka ngokuphindwe kathathu. Umhubhe awuzange ushintshe phakathi kwazo. Okwashintshayo ukulinganisa: isayithi yokuhlola ekhetha iseva ngokusekelwe endaweni yakho ebonakalayo, inani lemijelo elinquma ukuthi ukuqala okukodwa okunensayo noma okuyisithupha kugcwalisa ipayipi, kanye nesikhathi esifushane ngokwanele ukuphela ngaphambi kokuthi indlela isetshenziswe kahle. Izivivinyo zesivinini azilona iphutha, kodwa ziyaphendula umbuzo omncane kunalowo abantu abazibuza wona.

Ikheli elisha lokuphuma lishintsha indawo okuhlolwa kuyo

Iningi lamasayithi okuhlola likhetha iseva yokulinganisa ngokuzenzakalela, futhi likhetha ngokwengxenye ngokubheka ukuthi ukuxhumana kwakho kubonakala kuqhamuka kuphi. Vula umhubhe futhi izwe lakho elibonakalayo liyashintsha, ngakho iseva ekhethiwe iyashintsha, futhi ukuqhathanisa manje kuhlanganisa izindlela ezimbili ezihlukene eziya kumakhamphani amabili ahlukene.

Umphumela awusona nhlobo isilinganiso se-VPN. Kuyisilinganiso sendlela yakho eya kuseva ongayikhethanga, futhi umehluko phakathi kwemigijimo emibili ungase ulawulwe ukuxhumana kwayo leyo seva hhayi noma yini eyenziwe umhubhe.

Gxilisa indawo oya kuyo ngaphambi kokushintsha enye into. Wonke amathuluzi athembekile akuvumela ukuthi ukhethe iseva ngokucacile, futhi uma kungenjalo, ikhasi lemiphumela livamise ukusho leyo esetshenzisiwe, okwanele ukuqaphela ukuthi imigijimo emibili ayifani. Qinisekisa ukuthi isayithi yabona ini ngaphambi kokwethemba ukukhetha kwayo:

curl -sS https://ipinfo.io/json | grep -E '"ip"|"org"|"country"'

Uma izwe lishintshile phakathi kwemigijimo, konke okwakhethwa ukuhlola ngemuva kwalokho nakho kwashintsha. Bhala ukuphuma okuboniwe eceleni komphumela ngamunye futhi ukudideka kuyanyamalala.

Ukuqala okunensayo kuphela ngemuva kokuphela kwezivivinyo eziningi ezimfushane

Ukuxhumana kwe-TCP akukuqali ngejubane loxhumo. Kuqala ngewindi elincane lokuminyana, liphindwe kabili cishe njalo lapho kuya futhi kubuya, futhi kufinyelela umthamo wendlela kuphela ngemuva kokuhamba izikhathi eziningi. Isivivinyo semizuzwana eyishumi endleleni enokulibaziseka okuphezulu singachitha ingxenye enkulu yokuphila kwaso kulokho kukhuphuka.

Yingakho umhubhe onokulibaziseka okuphezulu uthola amaphuzu amabi esivivinyweni esifushane kunalokho okufanele, futhi yingakho ukugijima okude kuvamise ukubika inombolo ephezulu ngaphandle koshintsho lokumisa. uhlaka lokugeleza kwe-RFC 6349 lukubheka lokhu ngokucacile, yingakho izilinganiso ezimqoka zithatha isikhathi eside ngokwanele ukufinyelela esimweni esizinzile. Ukugijima kwemizuzwana emihlanu endleleni yesathelayithi kulinganisa isisheshisi, hhayi indlela.

Bheka izigaba zokuxhumana esikhundleni sokuthemba inombolo eyodwa. I-Curl ibika isigaba ngasinye ngokwehlukile, ngakho ungaqaphela ukuthi isikhathi siya ekuxhawulisaneni, ekukhuphukeni noma ekudluliseleni:

curl -sS -o /dev/null -w 'dns=%{time_namelookup} tcp=%{time_connect} tls=%{time_appconnect} total=%{time_total} bytes/s=%{speed_download}\n' \
  https://mirror.example.net/testfile.bin

Kugijimise kabili ngokulandelana ukuya endaweni efanayo. Uma ukugijima kwesibili kushesha kakhulu, ubulinganisa ukukhuphuka, hhayi indlela, futhi noma yikuphi ukuqhathanisa okusebenzisa okokuqala kuphela kuyasolisa.

Umgelo owodwa nemigelo eyisithupha kulinganisa izinto ezihlukene

Umgelo owodwa we-TCP ukhawulwa iwindi elingakwazi ukuligcina emoyeni, okucishe kube yisikhathi sokuhamba siphindwe kabili ngokushesha. Endleleni ende lokho kuphindwa kudlula okuzosetshenziswa umgelo owodwa, ngakho ukulanda okukodwa kubika ngaphansi komthamo okhona. Imigelo eyisithupha ehambisanayo igcwalisa isikhala futhi inikeza inombolo enkulu.

iperf3 -c speed.example.net -t 20
iperf3 -c speed.example.net -t 20 -P 6
mtr -rwc 50 speed.example.net

Zombili izinombolo ziyiqiniso. Inombolo yomgelo owodwa isho okuzokwenziwa ukulanda okukodwa, okuyikho okuvamise ukutholwa ithebhu yesiphequluli. Inombolo ehambisanayo isho okungathwalwa yindlela isiyonke, okungasetshenziswa i-torrent noma ukulanda okuyizingxenye eziningi. Ukucaphuna okukodwa ngokungathi kungenye yikho okuyindlela umhubhe onempilo oshintshwa ngayo ngaphandle kwesizathu.

Ukuqhathanisa umphumela ohambisanayo nomphumela womgelo owodwa iyona ndlela evamile abantu abafinyelela ngayo esiphethweni sokuthi i-VPN yehlise isivinini sabo ngesigamu. Linganisa indlela, bese uqhathanisa. Umkhondo okumyalo yesithathu ungeza umongo ongeqile: indlela enokuntengantenga okuphezulu izonikeza imiphumela engahambisani kuzo zombili izimo, futhi ayikho inombolo yemigelo eyilungisayo leyo.

Ukubethela kudla isikhathi seprosesa, ukugoqa kudla amabhayithi

Izindlela ezimbili zisebenza kupakethe ngalinye kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uxhumo lushesha kangakanani. Ukubethela kusebenzisa iprosesa ngobhayithi ngamunye, futhi ukugoqa kunezela amabhayithi ekhanda okumele uxhumo luwathwale. Zombili zibonakala njengophahla, futhi izimpawu zazo zihlukile.

Uphahla lweprosesa lubonakala njengethafa: ukugeleza kuyeka ukukhuphuka noma ngabe wengeza imigelo emingaki, futhi iprosesa yomshini imatasa ngenkathi uxhumo lungematasa. Kumakhala omncane noma ucingo lokho ngokuvamile kuwumkhawulo wangempela, yingakho ulayini osheshayo usengakhipha umhubhe ophakathi nendawo.

Izindleko zamabhayithi zincane kodwa zihlala zinjalo. Amakhanda engeziwe asho umthwalo omncinane opakethe ngalinye, futhi endleleni eneyunithi yokudlulisa ephezulu egxilile angabangela futhi ukuhlukaniswa noma umgodi omnyama obonakala njengokuma ekudluliseni okukhulu hhayi njengesilinganiso esinensayo.

Lezi zintathu zivamise ukudidaniswa ngoba abasebenzisi bazichaza zonke ngokuthi i-VPN iyenesayo. Eyokuqala kuphela esabela emshinini omkhulu, eyesibili kuphela esabela ku-MTU encane, futhi eyesithathu kuphela esabela ekuphathweni kwemigqa.

Bhala indlela emibhalweni

Umphumela ofanele ukugcinwa usho idivayisi, inethiwekhi yokungena, ukuphuma, iseva yokulinganisa, isiqondiso, inani lemijelo kanye nesikhathi. Ngaphandle kwalokho izinombolo ezimbili azikwazi ukuqhathaniswa, futhi ithikithi elinenombolo eyodwa empeleni ingumuzwa.

Gcina nemigijimo emibi. Uchungechunge lapho ukuphuma okukodwa kubangela ukuma njalo lunolwazi oluningi kunesilinganiso, futhi ukuma yikho okufihlwa izilinganiso.

Bese uhlola lokho okubalulekile kuwe ngempela. Uma umgomo kuwukulanda okukhulu, landa ifayela. Uma umgomo kuwucingo, linganisa ukulibaziseka ngaphansi komthwalo hhayi ukugeleza lapho kungasebenzi, ngoba umhubhe ungathola amaphuzu amahle esivivinyweni sesivinini futhi usenze wonke umhlangano ungalalelwa.