Ithebula lemizila ye-VPN likutshela ini futhi akukwazi ukukutshela ini

Amaqembu afakiwe ayimiyalelo yasendaweni yokudlulisa, huwona uhlu lwezinsizakalo ezikude. Funda ithebula ngalokho elikufakazelayo, bese ubuza umnikazi.

Uyaxhuma, usebenzisa uhlu lwemizila futhi ubona inethiwekhi encane ongakaze uyizwe ikhomba emhubheni. Lowo mugqa usho into eyodwa ngokunemba futhi awusho izinto ezimbalwa nhlobo. Ubhala phansi ukuthi lo mshini uzodlulisa kanjani amaphakethe kuleyo mfakazelo, akukho okumayelana nokuthi yimaphi amasheke akhona lapho, futhi akukho okumayelana nokuthi i-akhawunti yakho ingafinyelela ini. Ukuyifunda ngendlela efanele kuthatha umzuzu; ukuyifunda njengohlu kuthatha isikhathi eside kakhulu ukuze ukhohlwe lokho.

Funda ithebula njengemiyalelo yasendaweni

Umzila uyimiyalelo yokudlulisa ephethwe i-kernel yasendaweni: kule mfakazelo sebenzisa le interface nalesi sinyathelo esilandelayo. Ubude bemfakazelo bunquma ukuthi umyalelo uqondile kangakanani, futhi ukufana okude kakhulu kuyanqoba. Akukho okukuleso simiso okukhuluma ngezimvume, impilo yensizakalo noma i-topology ekude.

Imithetho yenqubomgomo ingangenelela ngaphambi kokuba ithebula libhekwe, yingakho umzila ungaba khona futhi ungabi yiwo osetshenziswa iphakethe elithile. Funda imithetho eduze kwethebula, bese ubuza i-kernel ukuthi iyiphi indlela engayikhetha endaweni ethile. Impendulo yekheli elilodwa ibaluleke kakhulu kunekhasi lamafakazelo, futhi iyimpendulo kuphela ekhombisa izimpawu, izikhala zamagama kanye nokuxhumeka kwe-interface okusetshenziswe iklayenti.

Imfakazelo ebanzi akuwona uhlu

Imfakazelo /16 ehamba emhubheni ayisho ukuthi kunezinkulungwane eziyishumi nesithupha zamaseke afinyeleleka, futhi umzila ozenzakalelayo usho okuncane nakakhulu. Iseva inquma ukuthi ngubani ophendulayo, i-firewall inquma ukuthi yini evunyelwe, futhi i-akhawunti inquma ukuthi yini egunyaziwe.

Ithebula elincane linomgibe ophambene: imfakazelo engekho ingasho ukuthi indawo iyafinyeleleka ngomunye umzila, noma imane ingasho ukuthi ayihambiswanga nhlobo. Lezi zimo ezimbili zibukeka zifana kuze kube uyazihlola. Qhathanisa ithebula nesisetshenziswa okwathiwa uwusebenzise, hhayi nokulindela kwakho ukuthi i-VPN kufanele ibe nakho.

Amaqembu avelaphi

Imizila ivela ezindaweni okungenani ezine: ifayela lokuhlela, iseva ephusha umzila ngesikhathi kusungulwa ukuxhumana, umphathi wenethiwekhi ophethe i-interface, kanye nomuntu obhala umyalo ngesikhathi sehlakalo. Ngayinye inesikhathi sokuphila nomnikazi ohlukile.

Lowo owabhalwa ngesikhathi sokuphazamiseka yiwo onyamalalayo lapho kuqalwa kabusha futhi ongabonakali emibhalweni yomuntu. Umzila ophushwa yiseva uyashintsha lapho iseva ishintsha, yingakho imfakazelo entsha engachazwanga ivame ukuvela ngemva kokubuyekezwa kwesango hhayi ngemva koshintsho lweklayenti. incwadi ye-ip-route ibhala phansi ukwakheka kwethebula nezinkambu uma kudingeka ufunde amafulegi.

Hlola umzila ngokuqhathanisa nesivumelwano sensizakalo

Ukuqhathanisa okuwusizo kungaphakathi kwethebula nensizakalo oyathenjiswa yona: igama, ububanzi bamakheli, imbobo kanye nomnikazi. Bhala lezo ezine eduze kwemfakazelo futhi izikhala ziyabonakala.

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ip route get 10.20.5.9
ip rule show

Uma imfakazelo ikhona kodwa insizakalo isahluleka, ithebula lenze umsebenzi walo futhi inkinga ikwenye indawo: ukuxazululwa kwamagama, i-firewall ngaphesheya, noma i-akhawunti engenalo iqembu elifanele. Uma imfakazelo ingekho, umbuzo uwukuthi ngubani obekufanele ayihlinzeke, hhayi ukuthi yini okufanele uyibhale. Zombili izimpendulo zisho iqembu okufanele ulibuze ngokulandelayo, futhi yilokho kuphela umphumela owusizo wokufunda ithebula lemizila. Bhala lelo gama phansi ngaphambi kokuvala itheminali.

Bhala phansi isimo sangaphambi nangemva kwanoma yiluphi ushintsho, kanye nosuku ne-interface. Ithebula lemizila liyisithombe somzuzu owodwa kumshini owodwa, futhi liba ubufakazi kuphela lapho othile ebhale ukuthi lathathwa nini.

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