Ama-VPN amabili ocingweni olulodwa: khetha ukuhlelwa, hhayi inani lezinhlelo

Ukusebenzisa ama-VPN amabili akusona isicelo esisodwa. Kungasho ukufinyelela izinhlangano ezimbili ngokulandelana, ukugcina izinhlelo zomsebenzi nezomuntu siqu zihlukene, noma ukusebenzisa umhubhe owodwa ngaphakathi komunye. I-Android isebenza ngalezi zimo ezintathu ngezindlela ezihluke ngokuphelele, futhi inani lezinhlelo ze-VPN ezifakwe ocingweni akusona isakhiwo. Umbuzo ohlukanisa lezi zimo ulula: ingabe izindlela ezimbili kufanele zibe khona ngasikhathi sinye kuhlelo olulodwa?

Izinhlobo ezintathu zokuhlelwa, umbuzo owodwa

Uma impendulo ingu-cha, ngoba amanethiwekhi amabili asetshenziswa ngezikhathi ezihlukene, udinga ukushintsha ngamabomu. Uma impendulo ingu-cha ngoba izinhlelo ngokwazo zihlukene, udinga ukwehlukanisa amaphrofayili, lapho uhlelo ngalunye luhlala khona kumongo ongumnikazi womhubhe walo. Uma impendulo ingu-yebo, futhi indlela eyodwa kufanele ithwale enye ngokomzimba, udinga uchunge lwemifantu, futhi lona ukuphela kwezinto ezintathu lapho ukulandelana kuyingxenye yomklamo.

Konke okunye kulandela lokho kukhetha. Ukushintsha kunewindi lokudlula, ukwehlukanisa kunomngcele wenqubomgomo, futhi uchunge lunomthwalo owengeziwe kanye nezindleko zokuncika. Ukukhetha okungalungile akwehluleki ngokuhlanzekile; kukhiqiza ucingo olubonakala luxhunyiwe kanye nohlelo olungafinyeleli ndawo.

Ukushintsha ngaphakathi komongo owodwa womsebenzisi

I-Android ivumela isevisi eyodwa ye-VPN esebenzayo kumsebenzisi ngamunye. Ukuqala uhlelo lwesibili lwe-VPN kumongo ofanayo kuthatha indawo yokuqala noma kunqatshwe ngqo; akukaze kuhlanganise amasethi amabili emigwaqo, futhi nakanjani akugcini ukufihla kwabo phezulu komunye. Ngaphakathi komsebenzisi oyedwa, imihubhe emibili ilandelelana, ayisiyo inani elihlanganisiwe.

Lokho kuyasebenza lapho ukufinyelela kulandelana ngempela. Qamba amaphrofayili ukuze okusebenzayo kubonakale kahle, qeda noma yini ebucayi ngaphambi kokushintsha, futhi ulindele iwindi elifushane lapho kungekho ndlela eyodwa yazo ezimbili esungulwe ngokuphelele. Ukuvala ithebhu yesiphequluli akufani nokuqeda isikhathi sokusebenza: ithebhu ingagcina isimo sekhasi layo bese ithumela isicelo esilandelayo kunethiwekhi esanda kukhethwa, futhi yilokho kanye okuvuza abantu abakubonayo kamuva.

Lokho ukushintsha okungeke kukunikeze khona umshini okhona kuwo womabili amanethiwekhi ngasikhathi sinye. Uma uhlelo ludinga ikheli langasese elivela ohlangothini ngalunye, akukho ukuziphatha kahle komthengi okungakukhiqiza.

Ukwehlukanisa ngokuya ngephrofayili

Iphrofayili yomsebenzi ephethwe iwumsebenzisi ohlukile onezinhlelo zayo, isitoreji sayo sokhiye kanye nenqubomgomo yayo yenethiwekhi. Iklayenti le-imeyili yomsebenzi lingasebenzisa umhubhe wenhlangano kuyilapho isiphequluli somuntu siqu sisebenzisa esomuntu siqu, futhi kokubili kungaxhunyaniswa ngasikhathi sinye ngoba azikho kumongo ofanayo ezilwela indawo.

Ukwehlukanisa nakho kuwumngcele. Isiphequluli somuntu siqu asiboleki umhubhe womsebenzi, asiboni izijobelelo ze-DNS zomsebenzi, futhi asifinyeleli kunethiwekhi yomsebenzi ngoba nje zombili izinsizakalo zibonakala zixhunyiwe. Lapho othile ebika ukuthi isixhumanisi asivulwa, hlola ukuthi yikuphi ukukopishwa kwayo uhlelo okusingathe lokho nokuthi iyiphi iphrofayili engumnikazi waleyo akhawunti ngaphambi kokuthinta noma iyiphi kuma-VPN amabili.

Thatha umngcele njengongaguquki. Ukwakha iphrofayili yesibili noma ukususa iphrofayili yomsebenzi ukuze ugeleze isinqumo somqondisi wendlela somqashi kuchitha kanye lokho kwehlukanisa okwenze ukuhlelwa kwasebenza, futhi kudivayisi ephethwe lokho ngokuvamile kuwukwephula inqubomgomo hhayi ukulungisa ukucushwa.

Uchunge lwemifantu, lapho ukulandelana kuwumklamo

Uchunge lwemifantu ukuhlelwa abantu abakushoyo ngokuvamile lapho bethi kokubili ngasikhathi sinye: umhubhe wocingo uhamba ngaphakathi komhubhe werutha. Kungase kusebenze, futhi imikhawulo icacile. Umhlinzeki wangaphandle kufanele avumele indlela esebenzayo eya endaweni yokugcina ye-VPN yocingo, okusho ukuthi kumaphrothokholi asuselwa ku-UDP ukuthi insizakalo yangaphandle akumele ivimbe noma ikhawulele lokho kuthutha.

Qonda ukuthi ubani ubona ini. Umhlinzeki wangaphandle ubona ukuxhumana okuya endaweni yokugcina yangaphakathi. Umhlinzeki wangaphakathi wamukela ukuthutha kocingo okuvela ekuphumeni kwangaphandle futhi ukudlulisele phambili. Indawo yokugcina yokugcina ngokuvamile ibona ukuphuma kwensizakalo yangaphakathi, futhi akukho mhlinzeki ochunge lwemifantu ongaboni; ama-akhawunti ohlelo asaqaphela umsebenzisi kungakhathaliseki indlela.

Lindela izindleko ezingokoqobo. Ungqimba ngamunye wengeza ukugoqwa, ngakho i-MTU esebenzayo yehla futhi inani elalilungile kumhubhe owodwa manje liyahlukaniswa noma liyagxuma kuze kube yilapho i-MTU yomhubhe wangaphakathi ibekwa ngokuqaphela. Izingqimba ezimbili zisho futhi ukuncika okubili ekwehlulekeni kanye namasethi amabili emiyalezo yokugcina ukuphila, futhi umhubhe wangaphakathi osuselwa ku-TCP phezu kwesixhumanisi sangaphandle esilahlekelwayo ungagxuma ngezindlela ezibonakala njengeseva efile.

Okubaluleke kakhulu, uchunge lwemifantu aluhlanganisi amanethiwekhi amabili angasese. Imigwaqo, iziqalo ezigqagqene, ukuxazululwa kwe-DNS kanye nemithetho yokufinyelela kuhlala kuyizinqumo ezihlukene, futhi irutha ethwala i-VPN eyodwa kuyilapho ucingo luthwala enye ayinikezi ucingo zombili izikhala zamakheli.

Hlola umklamo ngaphambi kokuxazulula amaphutha

Bhala ukuhlelwa emshweni owodwa bese ukuhlola kuhlelo olwehlulekile. Ukufinyelela okulandelanayo kufanele kubonise umhubhe owodwa ngesikhathi; ukwehlukanisa amaphrofayili kufanele kubonise uhlelo ngalunye kumsebenzisi walo; uchunge kufanele kubonise umhubhe wangaphakathi usungulwa phezu kwesixhumanisi sangaphandle hhayi esomzimba.

adb shell ip -br addr
adb shell ip route get 10.20.0.8
adb shell dumpsys connectivity | grep -i vpn

Uma ukusesha komgwaqo kusho isixhumanisi somzimba kuyilapho uhlelo lulindele umhubhe, umklamo nomongo wohlelo awuvumelani, futhi akukho hlelo lwe-VPN olwengeziwe oluzobabuyisela ndawonye. Idokhumenti yamaphrofayili aphethwe ihlanganisa imithetho yokwehlukanisa uma udinga imininingwane yenqubomgomo hhayi eyomgwaqo.