I-VPN yohlelo lokusebenza ngalunye ku-Android: ukukhipha uhlelo akukona ukuluvimbela

Abantu ababili bubuza umbuzo ofanayo futhi bathola izimpendulo ezingavumelani, ngoba bame ezindaweni ezahlukene. Omunye unesikrini sezilungiselelo ze-VPN zesistimu evuliwe futhi uhlela uhlu lwamahlelo. Omunye ubhala VpnService.Builder.addDisallowedApplication() kuhlelo lokuhlela. Bobabili bakubiza ngokuthi isihlungi se-VPN sohlelo ngalunye. Munye kuphela kubo onokulawula akuchazayo, futhi akekho ovimbayo noma yini.

Qala esikrinini esibonwa umsebenzisi

Vula Izilungiselelo, thola ingxenye ye-VPN bese ubheka uxhumano olusebenzayo ngempela. Uma iklayenti linikeza uhlu lohlelo ngalunye, lolo hlu lungolwethubhu leklayenti ngokwalo. Ipulatifomu ayishicileli i-API evamile lapho uhlelo olungahlobene lungafunda noma lungashintsha khona ukukhethwa kwamahlelo kwenye i-VPN, ngakho uhlelo lwesibili alunakulungisa lolo hlu kumsebenzisi.

Lokhu kuwukuhlukana kokuqala kohambo. Uma i-VPN efakiwe ingenaso leso silungiselelo, akukho okumele kugwenywe ngekhodi: isici asikho emkhiqizweni ongumnikazi wethubhu. Uma sikhona, ukulungiswa okulungile kusesikrinini leso, kwenziwa umuntu ongasivula.

Landela iphakethe lingene ethubhini

Lapho uhlelo lwakho lwakha ithubhu, lwakha isixhumi esibonakalayo se-TUN futhi limemezele ukuthi yiluphi uhlelo olungena kulo. Izingcingo zobulungu zenzeka ngaphambi kokusungulwa kwesixhumi, futhi ngemva kwalokho isethi yemithetho iqinile kuleyo seshini:

val builder = VpnService.Builder()
builder.addAddress("10.8.0.2", 32)
builder.addRoute("0.0.0.0", 0)
builder.addDisallowedApplication("com.example.bypass")
val tun = builder.establish()   // membership decided here

Lezo zingcingo zisebenza kuphela ethubhini elisanda kwakhiwa uhlelo lwakho futhi akukho okunye. Azisona isu lalo lonke idivayisi, azihlali kwabanye amaklayenti, futhi azikwazi ukufinyelela ku-VPN yomunye umuntu. Lapho ucingo lomakhi lukhipha okuhlukile ngoba iphakethe alikwazi ukuxazululwa, isixhumi asisungulwa neze, futhi lokho kuwukwehluleka okuhlanzekile hhayi okuthule.

Kungani ukukhipha kwabonakala njengokuvimbela

Uhlelo olukhishiwe luhamba lweze ngaseceleni kwethubhu lakho luye kunethiwekhi engaphansi. Lokho kuphambene nokuluvimbela: ithrafikhi isaphuma kudivayisi, ngaphandle nje kwesixhumi osilawulayo. Uhlelo olufana nodonga lomlilo lwenza okuphambene. Lwamukela ithrafikhi yohlelo lungene ethubhini lwalo bese lulahla amaphakethe, noma lwenqaba ukuwadlulisela, ngakho isixhumi siyafana futhi indlela yenqubomgomo ihambile.

Umsebenzi ongemuva kwalokho kuhlehla awuwona uphawu lokucwangisa. Ufunda amaphakethe e-IP kusincazelo sethubhu, unquma ngokugeleza ngakunye, bese uwadlulisela ngesokhethi evikelwe noma uwalahle. Noma yini ongayiphathi imane ime, futhi yikho lokho ithubhu engaqediwe ibukeka njengenethiwekhi ephukile hhayi njengesihlungi esisebenzayo. Uma umgomo uwukuvimbela, bika isabelomali sokuhlanza amaphakethe, isevisi yangaphambili kanye nenqubomgomo ebhaliwe yethrafikhi ongakwazi ukuyihlukanisa.

Yini ephukayo uma uyakha ngokwakho

I-Android ngokuvamile ivumela i-VPN eyodwa esebenzayo ngesikhathi, ngakho ithubhu lakho lokuhlunga kanye nethubhu lobumfihlo ziyancintisana ngendawo eyodwa ngaphandle uma imikhiqizo isekela ukuxhumana ngomucu. I-VPN ehlala ivuliwe enokuvimbela ukuxhumana ishintsha indlela yokwehluleka ngendlela ebalulekile lapha: ithrafikhi engakwazi ukungena ethubhini iyalahlwa esikhundleni sokuthunyelwa ngqo, okuyikho okufunwa idizayini yokuvimbela ukuvuza futhi okungavamile ukulindelwa iseshini yokulungisa amaphutha.

Ukubonakala kwamaphakethe kuwugibe lwesibili. Ukuxazulula igama lephakethe lohlelo kungahluleka nge-NameNotFoundException, futhi ezinguqulweni ezintsha ze-Android isethi yamaphakethe ongawabona incike emibuzweni oyimemezele. Phatha okuhlukile esikhundleni sokucabanga ukuthi wonke amagama ayaxazululeka, futhi funda kabusha uhlu lapho amahlelo efakwa noma ekhishwa esikhundleni sokuwugcina kunqolobane unomphela.

Amadivayisi aphethwe afaka umnikazi wesithathu. Inqubomgomo yokuhamba kwebhizinisi ingasetha i-VPN yohlelo ngalunye noma iphrofayela ehlala ivuliwe, futhi uhlelo olujwayelekile alunakukweqa lokho. Hlola ukuthi idivayisi iphethwe yini ngaphambi kokulungisa amaphutha ekhodi yakho, ngoba kuleso simo uhlu oluzama ukulushintsha kungenzeka lungakwazi ukuhlelwa yinoma ubani ophethe ucingo.

Yihlole ngohlelo olulawulayo

Ungahloli ngohlelo oluzama ukuluhlunga. Sebenzisa uhlelo lwesibili ongabuka ukuziphatha kwalo kwenethiwekhi, bese uhlola ukuthi ithrafikhi yalo iyaphuma ngethubhu lakho kuyilapho eyomgomo ingaphumi. Uma zombili zihlala ngaphakathi, inqubomgomo iyasebenza futhi umgomo ukhishiwe; uma kungekho okhishwayo, ithubhu ngokwalo lilimaza futhi uhlu lwamahlelo akusiyo inkinga.

Bese unquma ukuthi yikuphi kwezinto ezintathu olenza ngempela. Ithubhu lohlelo ngalunye i-API yomakhi, kanti uhlu luyingxenye yephrofayela yakho. Udonga lomlilo lwedivayisi ukuhlanza amaphakethe kanye nomjikelezo wokuphila ongawuvikela. Ukushintsha i-VPN yomunye umuntu akuyona indlela esekelwe nhlobo, futhi impendulo eqotho lapho ukuthi leso silungiselelo singesomkhiqizo lowo.