Ukwabelana ngoxhumano lwe-Windows? Indlela ye-VPN iyashintsha ngaphansi kwalo

I-adaptha eyabiwe yenza i-PC ibe yirutha, futhi ithrafikhi edluliswayo ilandela indlela ehlukile kunezinhlelo zomsingathi. Hlola kusuka kuklayenti, hhayi kumsingathi.

I-laptop yabelana nge-Wi-Fi yayo, umsingathi uhlola nge-tunnel ngaphandle kwezikhalo, futhi ithebhulethi ekulabo kufinyelela lutho. Umsingathi wayeka ukuba yiklayenti kuphela ngesikhathi ukuvumelana kuvulwa: manje uyirutha, futhi amaphakethe adlulisiwe ahlangabezana nesethi ehlukile yemithetho. Okusebenza kumsingathi akusho lutho mayelana nedivayisi engemuva kwakhe. Gijimisa izivivinyo kusuka kuklayenti elingezansi futhi umehluko awusabi ngowethiyori.

Impumelelo yomsingathi ayifakazi lutho

Ukwabelana ngoxhumano kunikeza imisebenzi emine kumshini owodwa: ukwabiwa kwamakheli, ukudlulisa, ukuhumusha nokuhlunga. Iklayenti le-VPN elivikela ithrafikhi ekhiqizwa endaweni lingase libheke ithrafikhi edlulisiwe njengengaphandle kobubanzi balo, noma liyivimbe ngamabomu njengokuvuza. Akukho kuzo zombili izindlela okuyiphutha, futhi akukho okubhalwe esikrinini lapho ukuvumelana kuvulwe khona. Ukuhlolwa kwangaphansi kuphela okukutshela ukuthi unakho okukuphi.

Amaklayenti amaningi adlulisa ithrafikhi yomsingathi kuphela futhi akukho okunye, ngakho bheka isigaba sokwabelana encwadini yeklayenti esikhundleni sokuthemba ukuthi i-tunnel izohambisa ithebhulethi. Isibonakaliso esibonakalayo idivayisi exhumayo, ethola ikheli, bese yehluleka esicelweni sokuqala. Iklayenti elenqaba ukudlulisa lisabonakala liphilile ngokuphelele kumsingathi.

Iyiphi i-adaptha eyabiwe, iyiphi esiza amaklayenti

Bhala zombili izinto zokuxhumana, ngoba zithwala amakheli ahlukene nezihlungi ezihlukene, futhi ushintsho kolungile lusho imiphumela eminingi edidayo. Umsingathi wokwabelana uvamise ukuthatha ikheli elingashintshi ohlangothini olungaphansi futhi asebenzise khona isevisi encane ye-DHCP ne-DNS. I-Windows igcina ukudlulisa nge-adaptha ngayinye hhayi ngokubanzi, ngakho isimo kufanele sifundwe isixhumanisi ngasinye.

Get-NetAdapter | Where-Object Status -eq 'Up' | Select-Object Name,InterfaceIndex,LinkSpeed
Get-NetIPAddress -AddressFamily IPv4 | Select-Object InterfaceAlias,IPAddress,PrefixLength
Get-NetIPInterface | Select-Object InterfaceAlias,Forwarding,ConnectionState
Get-NetConnectionProfile

Uma ukudlulisa kuboniswa njengokukhubazekile ku-adaptha eyabiwe, akukho lutho olungaphansi okuzosebenza noma i-tunnel yenza ini. Kuvulela kuphela kumshini inkambiso yawo evumela ukuhambisa ezinye izinto.

Ukudlulisa, ukuhumusha nokuhlunga

Iphakethe elidlulisiwe kufanele lifinyelele ku-tunnel, lihunyushwe libe yinto eyamukelwa uhlangothi olukude, futhi libuye ngokuhumusha okufanayo. Noma yisiphi salezi zigaba ezintathu singaphuka, futhi konke ukuphuka kukhiqiza isikhathi esifanayo sokuphela kwesikhathi sesiphequluli. Ukubamba amaphakethe, ukusesha komzila kanye nelogi evela ohlangothini olukude zibiza ngaphezu kokunye ukubuyekezwa kwengxoxo yokwabelana. Isigaba esihlulekayo yisona esitshela ukuthi ushintsho lukabani oludingekayo.

Uhlangothi olukude lungase futhi ludinge umzila wokubuya we-subnet eyabiwe, ububanzi i-seva ye-VPN engakaze ibubone. Lapho iklayenti lihumusha khona, i-seva ibona kuphela ikheli le-tunnel futhi awudingeki umzila wokubuya. Lapho lingahumushi khona, umnikazi wesango kufanele engeze lowo mzila ngamabomu, futhi lokho kuyisicelo soshintsho, hhayi isilungiselelo sekhayenti.

Gijimisa izivivinyo kuklayenti, hhayi kumsingathi

Gijimisa isivivinyo ngasinye kuklayenti elihlulekayo, hhayi kumsingathi osebenzayo. Gcina ikheli lokuphuma, impendulo yesixazululi kanye nokuhlolwa kohlelo endaweni eyodwa, ngoba imiphumela eqoqwe ngehora elilodwa ihlukene ayisho lutho mayelana nokuthi lezi zintathu zihlangana kanjani.

Resolve-DnsName intranet.example.net -Type A
Resolve-DnsName intranet.example.net -Type AAAA
Invoke-RestMethod https://api.ipify.org
Test-NetConnection intranet.example.net -Port 443 -InformationLevel Detailed

Qhathanisa ikheli lokuphuma nelekhaya lomsingathi futhi qaphela ukuthi womabili ayafana yini. Impendulo ehlukile isho ukuthi umzila odlulisiwe udlula i-tunnel, futhi lokho akusona isilungiso esisheshayo kodwa umbuzo wenkambiso onomnikazi. Impendulo efanayo eceleni kohlelo oluhlulekayo ihambisa umsebenzi ekuxazululeni amagama noma enkambisweni yohlangothi olukude. Ungami emiphumeleni ye-IPv4 futhi: ukwabelana kungadlula zonke izivivinyo ze-IPv4 ngenkathi i-IPv6 iphuma ngomunye umnyango, ngakho phinda izivivinyo zamagama nokuphuma ngerekhodi le-AAAA nokuhlolwa okunemininingwane kokuxhumana.

Kumshini ophethwe, qinisekisa ukuthi ukwabelana kuvunyelwe nhlobo, ngoba ukuveza ukufinyelela nedivayisi enye isinqumo sokuphatha hhayi iswishi yokunethezeka. Ngemuva kwanoma yiluphi ushintsho olusekelwayo, phinda izivivinyo lapho uxhuma kabusha futhi futhi ngesikhathi sokuphazamiseka. Ukuxhuma kabusha okuhlanzekile komsingathi akubuyisi umzila odlulisiwe iklayenti elingakaze liwusekele.

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