Ingabe uchungechunge lwezitifiketi zeseva lungadlula isitolo sokuthemba sekhasimende?
Uchungechunge oluphelele luwubufakazi, hhayi umyalo. Ukuqinisekiswa kwenzeka kukhasimende ngama-ankha ayo, ngakho akukho seva engaphoqa isinqumo sokuthemba.
Isiphequluli sikhombisa isexwayiso sesitifiketi kusayithi oluphelele uchungechunge lwayo, futhi umuzwa wokuqala ukulungisa iseva. Ngokuvamile iseva iveza kahle lokho okufanele ikwenze. Ikhasimende linquma ukuthi yimaphi ama-ankha eliwamukelayo, futhi akukho kuhleleka kwezitifiketi eziphakathi okungashintsha leso sinqumo kusukela kolunye uhlangothi lokuxhumana. Lowo mngcele uchaza iningi lalokho okubonakala kuyinkinga yesitifiketi.
Ukuqinisekiswa kwenzeka kukhasimende, ngama-ankha ekhasimende
Ukuqinisekiswa komzila kuthatha izitifiketi ezethuliwe futhi kwakha uchungechunge kuze kufike ku-ankha lokuthemba uhlelo lokuqinisekisa osuvele linayo. I-RFC 5280 ichaza leyo modeli, futhi ibeka ukukhethwa kwe-ankha ekusetshenzisweni kwasekhaya hhayi kuseva. Uhlelo lokusebenza lungangeza inqubomgomo yalo phezulu: ukhiye oboshiwe, isitolo sokuthemba sebizinisi, noma ukuhlola ubunikazi okuqinile. Uhlu lwezitifiketi iseva eluthumelayo luwubufakazi obunikezwa leyo nqubo, hhayi umyalo kuyo.
Ngakho uchungechunge oluphelele lufakazela ukuthi iseva inezingxenye. Akufakazeli ukuthi ikhasimende lizozamukela.
Ukuze ubone ukuthi iseva ithumela ini ngempela, gijimisa openssl s_client -connect app.example.net:443 -servername app.example.net -showcerts futhi ubale izitifiketi kokukhiphayo. Uchungechunge olungaphelele lapho luwukulungiswa ohlangothini lweseva. Uchungechunge oluphelele ludlulisela umbuzo kukhasimende kanye nama-ankha alo, lapho iseva ingenawo ivoti.
Yini ukuhlolwa kwe-TLS okushintshayo ngempela
Ithuluzi lokuhlola liphuletha isikhathi se-TLS ohlangothini lwekhasimende futhi livule isikhathi esihlukile kuze kusevisi yangempela. Ikhasimende libe seliqinisekisa isitifiketi sethuluzi, okumele sixhume ku-ankha ikhasimende elithembayo. Yingakho amadivayisi aphethwe ethola impande yokuhlola ngokuphathwa kwedivayisi, futhi yingakho idivayisi yomuntu siqu engenayo ibonisa isexwayiso.
Lokhu kuhlelwa kunenhloso futhi kungokwasekhaya. Akukho lutho ochungechungeni lweseva yoqobo olungaphoqa isiphequluli esingaphethwe ukuthi samukele ubunikazi obuyisimbuyiselo, futhi akukho lutho kulo oluvimbela idivayisi ephethwe ukuthi yenze lokho.
Ukuqeda i-VPN akukona ukususa ukubethela kwe-HTTPS
Isendlalelo se-VPN sithwala amaphakethe phakathi kwekhasimende nesango. Ukusikhipha, noma ukufunda ukulungiselelwa kwaso, akudaluli umthwalo we-HTTPS ngaphakathi.
Isikhathi se-TLS sisasebenza phakathi kwesiphequluli neseva yewebhu, ngemithetho efanayo yokuqinisekisa, ngaphandle uma okuthile kusiphetha ngokusobala. Ukuhlanganisa izendlalelo ezimbili kudala isicelo kumphathi we-VPN ukuthi ahlinzeke isitifiketi, kanti isitifiketi okukhulunywa ngaso singeseproksi yokuhlola noma singesayithi uqobo. Buza ukuthi iyiphi ingxenye ethula isitifiketi ngaphambi kokushintsha noma yisiphi isitolo sokuthemba.
Beka okulindelekile engxenyeni oyilawulayo
Uma uphatha uhlelo lokusebenza nekhasimende lalo, chaza ndawonye ubunikazi besevisi obulindelekile, abakhiphayo abamukelekayo, kanye nanoma yisiphi isidingo sokubopha noma sokuqinisekisa ikhasimende. Hlela ukuvuselela nokubuyisa ukuze ushintsho olusemthethweni lwesitifiketi lungabi yisiphazamisi. Uma uphatha kuphela iseva yomphakathi, bhala ukuthi yikuphi ukuqinisekisa okudingayo nokuthi yiziphi izimo zekhasimende ozisekelayo. Ukuthumela uchungechunge olukhethwayo akusiqinisekisi idivayisi yomuntu ongaziwa.
Kumathuluzi aphethwe, xazulula ukungahambisani ngababanikazi bohlelo lokusebenza nonxwebhu. Ukucisha ukuqinisekisa, ukwengeza impande engachazwanga, noma ukuzama ukwedlula inqubomgomo yokuhlola akusimisi ubudlelwano obuhloswe babalingani.
Hlola umphumela kuphrofayela lekhasimende ehlanzekile, hhayi emshinini osekuvele kwengezwe okuhlukile kuwo. Yilokho kuphela ukuhlola okubonisa lokho idivayisi entsha ezokuhlangabezana nakho.