Indlela yokuhlola isimo se-IPsec ngaphandle kokushicilela okhiye bakho
Izifinyezo zokuxhumana kanye nohlu olufihle okhiye zinikeza isimo ngaphandle kwempahla. I-dump yekherneli eluhlaza ingase ithwale okhiye bokuhamba, amakheli kanye nezinqumi.
I-dump yesimo se-IPsec akuyona umbiko wesimo, futhi ukuyiphatha njengayo iyona ndlela impahla yokhiye egcina ngayo ingena kusilandelisi sezinkinga esidlangalaleni. Eminye imiphumela yokuhlola kwekherneli ihlanganisa okhiye bokuhamba abasetshenziswa yikherneli, kanye namakheli, izinqumi kanye nezibali eziwusizo ngempela. Umkhuba ophephile ukuthi kuqoqwe isifinyezo kuqala bese kufinyelelwa isimo eluhlaza kuphela lapho isifinyezo singakwazi ukuphendula umbuzo. Uma kufanele ngempela ubheke isimo eluhlaza, sibheke endaweni futhi wabelane ngokuncane.
Ukuhlola 1: ingabe le nto ingaphuma emshinini nhlobo
Ifayela lokucwangisa, ukhiye oyimfihlo, ukubamba amaphakethe okungenamingcele kanye ne-dump yesimo eluhlaza konke kuyizimfihlo kuze kufakazelwe okunye. Umyalo ophrinta okhiye awuphephi ngoba uwusebenzisile ekuxilongeni.
Umthetho ulula ngokwanele ukuthi ushiwo ngomusho owodwa: wabelana ngokubonakalayo okuphendula umbuzo, hhayi isimo somshini esikukhiqizile.
Ukuhlola 2: khetha umyalo wesifinyezo, hhayi i-dump yesimo
Kwa-strongSwan umyalo swanctl --list-sas ubonisa isifinyezo sokuxhumana: ubunikazi, child SA ezifakiwe, izimo kanye nezibali. Ayidingi i-dump yokhiye eluhlaza, futhi iyinto yokuqala okufanele inanyathiselwe kwithikithi. Ohlangothini lwekherneli, iproute2 isekela umyalo ip xfrm state list nokeys kumaveleshini abhala le nketho, okufihla impahla yokhiye ngenkathi kugcinwa izinkambu zokuxhumana.
Qinisekisa isakhiwo emhlolweni wendawo ngaphambi kokuthembela kuyo, ngoba inketho ayitholakali kuwo wonke umkhakhi, futhi uhlu lwesimo olujwayelekile ngaphandle kwayo ngomunye umyalo onomphumela ohlukile. Ukugijima umyalo ip xfrm state kumbukiso omdala ukuze ubone ukuthi ifulegi likhona yilona phutha leli hlu lokuhlola elikhuluma ngalo.
Ukuhlola 3: bhala kuphela lokho okudingwa uphenyo
Isimo sokuxhumana, ama-algorithm, izinqumi, izimpawu zesikhathi, indlela kanye nezibali ezifanele ngokuvamile kwanele. Ubunikazi bama-akhawunti, amakheli asesidlangalaleni kanye nokwakheka kwangaphakathi ngokuvamile akwanele, futhi kungafihlwa ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa inani lokuxilonga.
Fihla ngokuzenzakalela bese ufaka futhi uma kuceliwe. Umuntu ofunda ithikithi lakho angacela enye inkambu; kodwa akakwazi ukwenza ukhiye onanyathiselwe ube ngathi awukaze ubonwe.
Kunendlela ephakathi ekufanele yaziwe: isifinyezo naso singaba nomthelela. Ubunikazi, amakheli kontanga kanye namagama e-child SA achaza ukwakheka kwakho, futhi kwezinye izinhlangano lokho kukodwa kuwulwazi olukhawulelwe. Nquma ukuthi izethameli zingobani ngaphambi kokunanyathisela, futhi ukhethe isiteshi esinokulawulwa kokufinyelela okufanele kunenkinga yomphakathi. Umyalo ophephile awufani nendawo ephephile.
Ukuhlola 4: hlobanisa umzamo owodwa kuzo zombili iziphetho
Bamba iklayenti kanye nesango somzamo wokuxhumana ofanayo, ngesikhathi esifanayo, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi ukuxhumana okuchazayo yikho okukhiqizwe yilowo mzamo. Ukuhlanganisa i-child SA endala yomzamo wangaphambilini nesithombe esisha somzila kukhiqiza umbiko ohambelana ngaphakathi kodwa odukisayo ngokuphelele.
Khomba ukuxhumana ngezihlonzi zako eziyingqayizivele hhayi ngengebelelo, futhi bhala indlela yokwehluleka. Uma uphawu kungukuthi akukho kuhamba ohlangothini olulodwa, shono ukuthi oluphi uhlangothi futhi ufake indawo yokuhlola engenabungozi, ukuze umfundi acabange ngomzila esikhundleni sokuqagela. Isibali esiyiqanda ohlangothini olulodwa futhi esikhula kolunye sikhomba indawo yenkinga kangcono kakhulu kunanoma iyiphi i-dump yokhiye. Gcina izimpawu zesikhathi esifundeni sesikhathi esisodwa futhi usho ukuthi siphi.
Ukuhlola 5: yini okufanele yenziwe uma impahla isivele yembulwa
Ukususa okunanyathiselwe akufakazeli ukuthi akekho oyigcinile, futhi ukunanyathisela esidlangalaleni kukopishwa ngokushesha.
Kuthathe njengesigameko futhi usebenzise inqubo yokushintsha yomsebenzisi: phendula okhiye noma ubufakazi obuthintekile, hlola ukuthi ukwembulwa kusho ukuphazamiseka okubanzi yini, futhi landela indlela yokwazisa esebenzayo. Ukuhlanza kwezobuchwepheshe ingxenye elula; umcabango wokuthi akekho oyifundile ingxenye enzima.
Umkhuba ohlala njalo yithempulethi encane oyigcwalisa ngaphambi kokunanyathisela: yiluphi uhlangothi, yisiphi isihlonzi sokuxhumana, iyiphi indlela, yisiphi isibali nokuthi yini esivele ikhishiwe. idokhumenti ye-swanctl list-sas ichaza izinkambu zesifinyezo, futhi yikho amathikithi amaningi akudinga ngempela. Konke okunye kuyatholakala ngokucela kulowo okudingayo. Umbiko wokuxilonga kufanele ube nobufakazi, hhayi ukufinyelela.