Ukulanda ifayela elilodwa akudingi i-VPN yonke yenethiwekhi

Isicelo sokufinyelela kwe-VPN savamise ukufihla ifolda eyodwa nefayela elilodwa ngemuva kwaso. Ukunikeza umzila oya kuyo yonke inethiwekhi yasehhovisi kuphendula isicelo futhi kunikeza okuningi kakhulu kunalokho okudingwa umsebenzi. Ukushintsha ukwabelana okubaluliwe ngekhasi lokulayisha kungaba yiphutha elifanayo ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngoba kushintsha indlela abantu abasebenza ngayo. Isinqumo siqala ngalokho okufanele kwenzeke efayeleni.

Izimfuno ezintathu zibukeka zifana lapha futhi ziziphatha ngendlela ehluke kakhulu: ukukopisha i-PDF eseqediwe, ukuhlela idokhumenti endaweni yayo, nokugijima kohlelo olubhekene nedirekhthori eyabiwe.

Qala ngokuhlela, hhayi ngefolda

Uma ifayela seliqediwe futhi kudingeka lifundwe kuphela, i-akhawunti yokudlulisa yanele. Uma lizohlelwa, umbuzo uba ngukuthi ubani omunye oyihlelayo nokuthi izingxabano zixazululwa kanjani, okuwumbuzo wokuhamba komsebenzi hhayi wokuxhumana. Uma uhlelo luvula amadokhumenti ngqo kusuka kudirekhthori, ukubambezeleka nokuziphatha kokukhiya kwengqimba yokugcina kubalulekile. Ukuphendula lokho kuqala kuvimbela isixazululo esixhuma ngokuphelele kodwa esingakwazi ukusetshenziswa.

Ukuhlela okwabiwe kuletha inkinga okungekho ukudlulisa okungayixazulula. Umsebenzisi ulanda ispredishithi, uyihlela ngaphandle kwe-inthanethi futhi uyilayisha ngemuva kokuba omunye eshintshe okwangempela, futhi ukuxhumana okubethelwe akunambono mayelana nokubhala phezu. Isivumelwano sokubhala phezu, ukungqubuzana noma ukwenza izinguqulo kufanele sibe khona ngaphambi kwendlela yokufinyelela.

I-SFTP iyiphrothokholi yokudlulisa, hhayi ukwabelana

I-SFTP ihambisa amafayela ngokudluliswa kwe-SSH okubethelwe, okuyikho kanye okudingwa yikopi futhi hhayi okudingwa idrayivu ebaluliwe. Akuyona i-FTP, futhi umkhiqizo onikeza i-FTPS unikeza enye iphrothokholi esikhundleni se-SFTP. Ukukhweza idirekhthori ye-SFTP ngengqimba yohlelo lwamafayela akuthembisi ukukhiya, izimvume noma ukuziphatha kohlelo kokwabelana kwangempela. Hlola izimfuno zohlelo lweklayenti ngaphambi kokukubiza ngokuthi ukushintshwa okuqondile.

sftp [email protected]
put report.pdf /upload/report.pdf
get /shared/template.docx

Yilokho ukuhamba komsebenzi okuphelele kwefayela eliqediwe: xhuma, beka, thatha. I-akhawunti yokudlulisa kuphela idinga futhi insizakalo ye-SSH ekhawulelwe, hhayi uhlelo lwamafayela kuphela. I-chroot noma i-ForceCommand internal-sftp ikhawulela lokho isikhathi esingakugijima, futhi ukukhubaza ukudluliselwa kwe-TCP kanye nokuhamba emhubheni kuvala izindlela ebezingaphenduka i-akhawunti yefayela ibe indawo yokungena yenethiwekhi. Ukukhawulela idirekhthori ebonakalayo kuphela akufakazi lutho mayelana nokuthi i-akhawunti ingafinyelela ini.

Uma udinga ukwabelana, ungakusakazi

Ngezinye izikhathi ukwabelana kwangempela kuyisidingo ngempela, futhi impendulo akuyona ukuveza i-SMB kumaklayenti e-inthanethi angahleliwe. Umhlahlandlela we-Microsoft uwukuvimba ithrafikhi ye-SMB eqondile emngceleni, futhi ngesizathu esihle: iphrothokholi ayakhelwanga ukubhekana nezinethiwekhi ezingathembekile. Kukhona i-SMB phezu kwe-QUIC kanye nemiklamo efanayo, enezimfuno zezinga ezithile ezinhlangothini zombili, futhi akuzona iswishi yomhlaba wonke yeseva ye-Samba engahleliwe. Uma kungasebenzi kokubili, umsebenzi uwukuhlinzeka ngomzila wokufinyelela osekelwayo esikhundleni sechweba elidluliselwe.

Inketho esekelwe kusiphequluli iyimpendulo yesithathu esemthethweni uma umsebenzi uvumelana nayo. Iletha izinqumo zayo: ama-akhawunti, izixhumanisi zokwabelana, ukuphelelwa isikhathi, izinguqulo ezigciniwe nokuthi iyiphi ikhophi enegunya. Isixhumanisi umuntu wonke angasivula kanye nendawo yokusebenza edinga ukungena kumelela izinqubomgomo zokufinyelela ezihlukene, futhi akukho okufanele kukhethwe ngengozi.

Yini okufanele uyiqinisekise ngaphambi kokunikeza ukufinyelela

sftp [email protected] <<< "get /shared/template.docx /tmp/probe.docx"
ssh [email protected] "cat /etc/passwd"

Noma yikuphi ukuklama okukhethayo, kukhawulele kudatha ehlosiwe kanye nemisebenzi ehlosiwe. Umyalo wokuqala kufanele uphumelele futhi owesibili wenqatshwe; uma womabili ephumelela, i-akhawunti ibanzi kunomsebenzi. Bese ususa i-akhawunti futhi uphinde umyalo wokuqala, okufanele manje wehluleke. Gcina umnikazi wamafayela womthombo ebonakala, ukuze umbuzo wakamuva mayelana nekhophi enegunya ube nempendulo. Umphumela ofanele uqoshwe umhambo womsebenzi wamafayela osebenzisekayo futhi ohoxisekayo, hhayi isithonjana sokuxhumana esingekho.

Bhala ukuthi yiphi iphrothokholi edingwa uhlelo lomsebenzisi ngempela, nokuthi yiziphi izivivinyo ezintathu ozenzile. Leyo migqa emibili ivimbela iningi lomsebenzi wokuphinda.