Akukho nkinobho ye-VPN kudeskithophu: ingabe iphrofayili isekhona?
Iphaneli engekho umbuzo wendawo yokusebenzelana, hhayi ubufakazi bokuthi iphrothokholi yanyamalala. Bhala amaphrofayili agciniwe nge-UUID, bese uvula elilodwa nge-nmcli ngaphambi kokufaka kabusha.
Ukufaka kabusha amaphakheji akuvamisile ukubuyisa okufakiwe kwe-VPN imenyu yenethiwekhi yedeskithophu engakaze ikudwebe. Iphaneli nokuxhumana kuyizinto ezimbili ezinabanikazi ababili: isixhumi sendawo yokusebenzelana yedeskithophu sidweba lokho okuvezwa ipulagi yaso, futhi insizakalo yenethiwekhi igcina iphrofayili. Eyodwa inganyamalala emenyu kuyilapho enye isaqhubeka nokusebenza, yingakho imenyu iyindawo engalungile yokuqala. Hlola iphrofayili kuqala, bese unquma ukuthi ideskithophu noma ukuxhumana okuphukile ngempela.
Inkinobho nephrofayili kungokwezinto ezihlukene
Ikhasi lenethiwekhi kudeskithophu lidweba lokho isixhumi esifakiwe kanye nezingxenye zaso zokuhlela i-VPN ezikwaziyo ukukudweba. I-NetworkManager, noma iyiphi insizakalo ephethe inethiwekhi kulelo bhodwe, igcina incazelo yokuxhumana futhi inquma ukuthi ingakwazi yini ukuphakanyiswa. Akukho okufuna ukuthi lezi zimo ezimbili zivumelane, futhi ngemva koshintsho lwedeskithophu, ukuthuthukiswa kokusatshalaliswa noma ukugijima ngokumelene nokukhishwa kwentuthuko zivame ukungavumelani. Ngakho-ke iphaneli ingase ingaphelele ngaphandle kokuthi ithuneli lilahleke. Ukukufunda lokho njengenkinga yephrothokholi kuholela ngqo kumjikelezo wokufaka kabusha ongeke ulungise lutho.
| What the screen shows | Check it against | What the answer rules out |
|---|---|---|
| No VPN section at all | nmcli connection show | Whether any profile exists |
| A VPN section with an empty list | The editor or plugin package for that VPN type | Whether the frontend can draw it |
| The same profile listed twice | Both UUIDs | Whether an import loop made copies |
Sebenza ithebula kusukela phezulu, ngoba umugqa ngamunye uphendula umbuzo ohlukile futhi umugqa wokuqala ushibhe kakhulu. Iphrofayili ekhona ihambisa inkinga esixhumini, kuyilapho ukungabi khona kwephrofayili neze kuyihambisa ekunikezelweni. Ukuqagela ukuthi yikuphi kwalokhu okubili onakho yikho okuguqula ukuhlola kwemizuzu eyishumi kube ntambama yonke yokufaka kabusha.
Buza i-NetworkManager ukuthi igcine ini
Buza insizakalo ngqo esikhundleni sokufunda imenyu, ngoba imiyalo emibili yehlukanisa okukhona nokugijimayo. Yisebenzise kuwona lowo mshini, futhi usebenzise owesibili ngaphambi nangemva komzamo wokuvula ngamunye. Uhlu lwalokhu akushintsheki, futhi umehluko phakathi kwazo uyisifo sokuxilonga.
nmcli -f NAME,UUID,TYPE,DEVICE connection show
nmcli connection show --activeIphrofayili egciniwe ingase ingasebenzi, lokho kujwayelekile futhi akusho lutho ngedeskithophu. Imibhalo emibili enamagama afanayo ivamile ngemva komjikelezo wokungenisa, futhi i-UUID kuphela eyahlukanisa. Ithuneli eliphethwe ngqo enye insizakalo lingase lingalokothi lingene kulolu hlu, ngakho-ke umphumela ongenalutho awusona isici se-NetworkManager ngokuzenzakalela. Khetha nge-UUID kusukela manje, ngoba amagama yizibonakaliso ezishintshwa abantu, kanti izihlonzi akusizo.
Hlola iphrofayili esikhundleni sokuphinda uyingenise
Uma iphrofayili ikhona, funda imininingwane yayo ngaphandle kokucela izimfihlo ezigciniwe. Uma ingekho, sebenzisa kanye inqubo yokunikezela noma yokungenisa edokhumentishwa ipulagi, futhi qinisekisa ukuthi yadalani. Ukuphinda ukungenisa ngoba imenyu yahlala ingenalutho yiyo indlela umshini ogcina ngayo amakhophi amane ancintisanayo okuxhumana okukodwa.
Lawo makhophi ukukhukhuleka okunomkhondo wephepha ongafundwa muntu: umsebenzisi wedeskithophu akakwazi ukusho ukuthi yikuphi obekuzosetshenziswa, futhi nomlawuli olandelayo akakwazi.Susa izimpinda ngamabomu, ngemva kokubhala izihlonzi zazo, esikhundleni sokuvumela umjikelezo wokungenisa ukuthi unqume. Bhala i-UUID esalayo, ngoba lelo nani yilo elidingwa ukuvulwa okuvela kutheminali. Iphrofayili engeniswe kabili ngamagama ahlukene ivamise ukuba incazelo eyodwa esebenzayo kanye nensalela eyodwa yokungabi nesineke. Uhlu lwamaphrofayili luwukuhlelwa, futhi lufanele ukunakekelwa okufanayo nokuxhumana uqobo.
Vula iphrofayili egciniwe kusukela kutheminali
imidokhumenti ye-nmcli ihlanganisa ukuvulwa kokusebenzisana kwephrofayili ekhethiwe, okwenza umugqa womyalo ube isixhumi sesibili esisekelwe hhayi indlela yokugwema. Faka esikhundleni isihlonzi sesibonelo esingezansi nge-UUID oyigcinile. Qonda ukuthi umyalo wenzani ngaphambi kokuwusebenzisa, ngoba ushintsha isimo senethiwekhi. Imizila ne-DNS kungase kuhambeke, futhi isikhathi esikude phezu kwesixhumi esihlelwa kabusha ngeke sisinde.
Yisebenzise kusukela kukhonsoli yasendaweni, noma ngecebo lokungena futhi uma ushintsho lungahambi kahle. --ask liqoqa okokufaka okungekho kuphrofayili; alikweqi igunya lohlelo. Futhi aliqinisekisi ukuthi zonke izicelo zokuqinisekisa zepulagi ziyasebenza kutheminali, ngoba ezinye zilindele ingxoxo ongakwazi ukuyifinyelela lapho.
nmcli --ask connection up uuid 11111111-2222-4333-8444-555555555555Funda umphumela ngaphambi kokusola ideskithophu
Uma iphrofayili inyuka, ukuxhumana okugciniwe kuyasebenza futhi le ndlela yokuphatha iyasebenza. Lokho kunciphisa isikhalo kuze kube isixhumi, okuwuhlu olunye lwezingxenye futhi ngokuvamile iqembu elinye. Uma inganyuki, ukwehluleka kusekhona kuphrofayili noma kuthuneli, futhi ideskithophu lalingakaze libe yinkinga.
Ukuvulwa okuphumelelayo akusho lutho mayelana nokuthi ingxenye yokuhlela yesixhumi ikhona yini, noma ngabe iphaneli ngokwalo liziphatha kabi. Lokho kuseyimibuzo esiya kwisixhumi esisekelwe sokwabiwa kanye namaphakheji epulagi ahambisanayo. Ukukuhlanganisa ekufakweni kabusha ngokuvamile kushiya iphaneli linjalo nanjengoba lalinjalo futhi kunezela ukuqalisa kabusha endabeni.
Umbiko owusizo usho ukukhishwa kwedeskithophu, uhlobo lokuxhumana, umsebenzi wephaneli ongekho, nokuthi iphrofayili iyabonakala noma ingavulwa ngokusebenzisa isixhumi esisekelwe. Ukuchaza imenyu engekho akudingi ukhiye wangasese noma iphrofayili ephethe ubufakazi. Lokho kwanele ukuthi umgcini akwazi ukuphinda enze isimo sephaneli ngaphandle kokuthinta noma yibuphi ubufakazi.