Amasheya Enethiwekhi Awabonakali ku-VPN? Ukuthola Kuyama

Isheya liyavuleka lapho ubhala indlela yalo, futhi isiphequluli senethiwekhi asibonisi lutho. Le nhlanganisela ivamile ku-tunnel futhi ngokuvamile ayilona iphutha. Ukuthola kubuza ingxenye yasendaweni; ukufinyeleleka kubuza isibungu esisodwa. I-tunnel enomzila ithwala okwesibili hhayi okokuqala.

Ukuthola nokufinyeleleka kuhlukile

Uhlu lokuphequlula lukhiqizwa amaphrothokholi amemezela amasevisi engxenyeni yasendaweni futhi alalele lezo zimemezelo. Ukuvula isheya ngegama ukuxhumana okuqondile nesibungu esisodwa. Okokuqala kudinga isizinda sokusakaza noma se-multicast; okwesibili kudinga umzila kanye nechweba.

Nge-tunnel okwesibili kungasebenza ngokuphelele ngenkathi okokuqala kubuyisela iwindi elingenalutho. Ukuthatha iwindi elingenalutho njengephutha kukuthumela ukufuna i-tunnel ephukile eyenza umsebenzi wayo.

Kungani uhlu lokuphequlula luhlala lungenalutho

I-Windows yahoxisa isevisi ye-Computer Browser futhi yavala i-SMB inguqulo 1 ngokuzenzakalela, okwasusa umshini ongemuva kwe-Network Neighborhood yakudala. Izinto ezisetshenziswayo ezifana ne-WS-Discovery, i-SSDP kanye ne-multicast DNS zibhekisa emaqenjini okusakaza noma e-multicast akhona kuphela kuxhumano lwasendaweni. I-tunnel yephuzu-kuya-phuzu ayinalo uxhumano olunjalo, futhi amarutha awawadlulisi lawo maqembu ngokuzenzakalela. Wonke amasibungu angafinyeleleka futhi uhlu lungahlala lungenalutho.

Ezinye izinhlelo zengeza umsizi wazo wokuthola. Lapho lowo msizi usebenza, kuyisici sohlelo, hhayi isici se-tunnel.

Sebenzisa amagama acacile, bese uqinisekisa ukufinyelela

Indlela ye-UNC, idrayivu emakiwe noma uxhumano lwe-Finder ekhelini le-SMB lusebenza nge-tunnel uma igama lixazululiwe futhi ichweba livuliwe. Ukuxazulula kungavela ku-DNS, kusijobe esifuna esihlinzekwa yi-VPN, noma koku-oks hosts okuphathwa maphakathi. Esizindeni, umbuzo wohlu lwemibhalo ungabala izinto zekhompyutha, futhi lolo hlu ngokuvamile luyinto eseduze kakhulu yokubuka kokuphequlula kunethiwekhi enomzila. Ukuskena kwechweba kwamaphepho aziwayo kwamukeleka kuphela kunethiwekhi ozisebenzisayo noma ogunyazwe ngokusobala ukuzihlola.

Isibungu esiphendulayo asithembisi ukuthi isheya lizovuleka. I-NAS ingaba nohlu lwemvume olulinganiselwe kunethiwekhi yalo engaphansi, olwenqaba amakheli echibi le-VPN. Umthetho we-firewall wesiphakeli samafayela ungase ubalule kuphela inethiwekhi yasendaweni engaphansi. I-akhawunti oyihlinzekayo yesheya ingase ibe i-akhawunti yasendaweni engakaze idalwe kuleso siphakeli, futhi ukuxhuma nge-VPN akukuyidali.

Ezinye izinhlelo zebhizinisi zivimbela ngamabomu ithrafikhi yasendaweni kanye nethrafikhi yomshini ongokoqobo ngenkathi i-tunnel ivuliwe. Lokho kungabikhona kokufinyelela kuyinqubomgomo, futhi ukulungisa kungokomphathi, hhayi ithebula lomzila lohlelo.

Ukulandelana kokuxilonga okufanele kuphindwe

Hamba izendlalelo ngokulandelana: finyelela ikheli, xazulula igama, vula ichweba 445, qinisekisa ubuwena, bese ufunda izimvume zesheya. Impendulo ngayinye ihlukile, futhi ukugxuma phambili kuveza isiphetho esingalungile esinesibindi. Kuphela ngemuva kokuthi konke kudlule, ukuthola kufanele kuphenywe.

nslookup fileserver.example.com
nc -vz fileserver.example.com 445
smbclient -L //fileserver.example.com -U EXAMPLE/jdoe

Shiya inothi elinegama lesiphakeli, indlela yesheya, ikheli elixazululelwe kulo kanye ne-akhawunti esebenzile. Uma uhlu lokuphequlula lugcwala kamuva ngemuva kokuqalwa kabusha kwesevisi, thatha lokho njengento eyinqaba yokuthola hhayi njengobufakazi bokuthi umzila wangaphambili wawungalungile. Inothi iyona evumela umuntu olandelayo ukweqa iwindi elingenalutho.