Isicelo sosizo se-VPN yasekhaya sidinga ukugeleza okukodwa, hhayi inqwaba yokuhlelwa

Uthumela ukuhlelwa okuhlanjululwe, usho ukuthi i-VPN ayisebenzi, bese uthola izimpendulo eziyisithupha mayelana nezinto eziyisithupha ezihlukene. Inkinga imvamisa isesicelweni, hhayi kubafundi. Umsizi akakwazi ukubona ekuhlelweni ukuthi umhubhe awakhi, uyakhiwa kodwa ulahla ithrafikhi, noma usebenza kahle ngesikhathi insizakalo yamafayela engemuva inqaba uxhumano. Chaza ukugeleza okukodwa esikhundleni salokho, nabanikazi abathathu nokwehluleka okukodwa okubonwe, futhi izimpendulo ziba ngcono ngokushesha.

Kungani isicelo sithola izimpendulo ezingasizi

Ukuhlelwa kuchaza ukuthi yini ehleliwe. Akuchazi ukuthi uzame ini, kwenzeka ini, noma iyiphi imishini eminingana okufanele yenze muphi umsebenzi. Ngaphandle kwalokho, umfundi ngamunye uqagela isigaba esihlukile.

Isibonelo ikhompyutha ephathekayo ehambayo okufanele ifinyelele insizakalo yamafayela kuseva yasekhaya ngokusebenzisa isango lasekhaya. Shono ukuthi isango, iseva ye-VPN nes seva yamafayela kungumshini owodwa noma imishini emithathu, ngoba leli qiniso elilodwa lishintsha cishe zonke izimpendulo.

Gcwalisa le rekhodi ngaphambi kokuthumela

Goal: the one resource or operation that should work
Path: client -> access network -> VPN endpoint -> resource
Owners: who controls the client, the gateway and the resource
Software: product, version and protocol in use
Expected: what success would look like
Observed: exact non-secret error or response
Time and change: when it started and what changed
Control: one comparable operation that still works

Imigqa eyisishiyagalombili, futhi izicelo eziningi ziyaphenduleka. Umugqa wokulawula yiwona abantu abawushiyayo: uma ukuphequla kusuka kuleyo khompyutha kusebenza kodwa ukwabelana ngamafayela kungasebenzi, lokho kunciphisa inkinga emizileni yomhubhe noma ensizakalweni, futhi akekho okufanele abuze.

Gcina amalebula efanayo lapho uhlanjulula. Gcina umehluko phakathi kwephoyinti lokugcina lomphakathi, ikheli lomhubhe nesixhumanisi sasekhaya. Uma izigaba ezimbili zihlangana, gcina lobo budlelwano bubonakala esikhundleni sokushintsha inethiwekhi ngayinye ngesimo esifanayo, ngoba ukuhlangana kuvamise ukuba yimpendulo.

Shono isigaba esihlulekayo, hhayi yonke irekhodi

Kufanele kwehlukaniswe izigaba ezinhlanu: ukuxazululwa kwamagama, umzamo woxhumano, ukuqinisekisa, ukwakhiwa komhubhe nokufinyelela kwinsiza. Shono ukuthi yikuphi ocabanga ukuthi kwehlulekile nokuthi wabona ini lapho.

Namathisela isiqeshana esincane esizungeze isigameko esikhundleni sawo wonke amafayela okulungisa angasetshenziswa iklayenti. Imigqa eyikhulu yomsindo wokuxhawula ifihla lowo mugqa owodwa othi igama lesitifiketi alizange lifane.

Hlukanisa ukubona nencazelo. “Iklayenti libika ukuphela kwesikhathi sokuxhawula ngemuva kwemizuzwana engama-30” ukubona; “ngicabanga ukuthi umhlinzeki uvimba i-UDP” umbono. Kokubili kuyasiza, futhi ukuzihlanganisa kusho ukuthi umsizi akakwazi ukwazi ukuthi akholelwe yikuphi. Zifake amalebula, futhi impendulo oyitholayo izobhekisa kwelungile.

Yithumele kumnikazi ongathatha isinyathelo

Kukhompyutha ephethwe umqashi, qala ngesiteshi esisekelwayo somqashi, ngoba inkundla yomphakathi ayikwazi ukushintsha inqubomgomo yabo. Kunsizakalo ye-VPN yezentengiselwano, shono umkhiqizo ne-akhawunti ngasese, hhayi obala. Esangweni lakho, fakela izindima zerutha nes seva ozilawulayo.

Uma usebenzisa umphakathi ovulekile, khetha lowo ububanzi bawo bamanje obuhambisana nomsebenzi. Intambo endala mayelana nemithetho yenkundla akuyona isivumelwano sosekelo, futhi neymphendulo yeminyaka emihlanu mayelana nenguqulo yephrothokholi ongayisebenzisi nayo ayiyona.

Fihla izimfihlo ngaphandle kokwenza i-topology ibe yisicaba

Susa okhiye abazimele, amaphasiwedi, amathokheni nezixhumanisi eziphethe ubufakazi ngaphambi kokuthi noma ini likushiye emshinini wakho. Ukuthunyelwa kokuxilonga nokuhlelwa okuphelele kuyizinto ezihlukene ngisho noma amagama amafayela ebukeka efanayo, futhi lokho okunamathiselile kungase kube nokhiye owabiwe ngaphambili.

Bese ugcina ubudlelwano obenza ukugeleza kuqondakale. I-RFC 6973 ibheka ukuqoqwa nokuxhumana okungadingekile njengezinkinga zobumfihlo, futhi umgomo ofanayo usebenza lapha: yabelana ngobufakazi umamukeli abudingayo, hhayi umshini wonke.

Qeda ngombuzo owodwa ophendulekayo mayelana nokungafani okubonwe, njengokuthi kungani iklayenti liqeda ukuqinisekisa bese lingalitholi umzila. Umbuzo oqondile uthola impendulo eqondile, futhi irekhodi olakhayo yilona elivumela umuntu ukuthi anikeze eyodwa ngaphandle kokucela izimfihlo zakho.