Kungani ikilayenti elilodwa le-EVPN lingakhombisa ama-route distinguisher amaningi
Ama-RD amabili ekilayentini elilodwa akulona ukungqubuzana. Landela kusuka ekuphumeni kwe-CLI uze ufike ku-MAC-VRF noma i-IP-VRF eyadala umzila, bese uhlola ukungeniswa kwe-RT kanye ne-VNI.
Uhlunga ithebula le-EVPN lek layenti elilodwa, futhi imizila ithwala ama-route distinguisher amabili ahlukene. Umcabango wokuqala ukungqubuzana kokuhleliwe, futhi lowo mcabango ngokuvamile awulungile. Igama lekilayenti iyilebula yebhizinisi, akusona into eyodwa yezinga lokulawula, ngakho umongo webhuloho nomongo womzila ngaphakathi kwawo kungamemezela ngokusemthethweni ngaphansi kwezihlonzi ezihlukene. Landela umzila owodwa ngesikhathi kusuka ekuphumeni ubuyela entweni yesevisi yasendaweni eyawudala, futhi i-RD yesibili iyeka ukubonakala njengephutha.
Qala ekuphumeni okukudidekile
Khetha umzila owodwa esikhundleni sethebula lonke. Bhala uhlobo lomzila, i-RD, ama-route target akhishiwe kanye ne-hop elandelayo. Lezo zinkambu ezine zanele ukukhomba ukuthi iyiphi into yasendaweni eyamemezela futhi iyiphi inqubomgomo ekude okufanele iwungenise.
Kudivayisi yesitayela se-NX-OS umbono wemininingwane utholakala nge show bgp l2vpn evpn route-type 2 detail noma show bgp l2vpn evpn route-type 5 detail. Ku-Junos ulwazi olufanayo lutholakala ku show route table bgp.evpn.0 detail. Isintaksi ehlukile, izinkambu ezifanayo.
Ungaqali ngokwenza zonke izinombolo ezikhonjisiwe zilingane. Ukulinganisa ama-RD yilo kanye ushintsho olwephula inqubomgomo yokungenisa ku-fabric esebenzayo.
Nikeza isihlonzi ngasinye umsebenzi waso
| Identifier | Question it answers | Where it is used |
|---|---|---|
| Route distinguisher | Which distinct route context contributed this advertisement? | Makes otherwise identical prefixes unique in BGP |
| Route target | Which importing service policy should receive the route? | Extended community matched by import policy |
| VNI | Which VXLAN service context carries the traffic? | Data plane encapsulation and mapping |
I-MAC-VRF igcina ulwazi lokudlulisa lwe-MAC lwesevisi yebhuloho. I-IP-VRF inikeza umongo womzila we-IP wesevisi ehambiswayo. Ikilayenti lingaqukatha kokubili, yingakho ikilayenti elilodwa lingakhiqiza i-RD engaphezu kweyodwa ngaphandle kwanoma yiphutha lokuhlela.
I-RFC 7432 inikeza i-RD ye-MAC-VRF ememezelayo ku-EVPN NLRI yayo futhi idinga ama-RD ahlukene phakathi kwama-MAC-VRF ku-PE efanayo. Izinqubo ze-route-target zihlukene: zivumela isici se-RT esisodwa noma eziningi futhi zithembele kunqubomgomo yokungenisa ubulungu. Ukulingana kwe-RD akusikho okudala ubulungu obabiwe, futhi ukukuthatha kanjalo kuyimpande yalokhu kudideka.
Landela umzila owodwa kusuka esimemezelweni kuze kufike ekungenisweni
Landela umzila ngendlela eyodwa. Qinisekisa uhlobo lomzila, isevisi eyawudala, i-RD, ama-RT akhishiwe bese kuba inqubomgomo yokungenisa ku-PE eyamukelayo. Isinyathelo ngasinye siphendula umbuzo ohlukile, futhi ukwehluleka kwesinyathelo noma yisiphi kubonakala njengaleyo prefix elahlekile ngakolunye uhlangothi.
Lapho umzila ukhona, hlola umongo wokudlulisa ofakiwe kanye nokumephwa kwe-VNI. I-VNI efanayo kuzo zombili izingqimba ibonisa ukuthi izinga ledatha liyavumelana; ayibonisi ukuthi izinga lokulawula yangenisa umzila ngenqubomgomo ehlosiwe.
Uma umzila uvela ku-PE ekude kodwa akukho thrafikhi egeleza, inkinga isidlule i-EVPN. Hlola ukubophelela kwe-VNI-ku-VLAN noma i-VNI-ku-VRF kanye nomzila we-underlay ngaphambi kokuhlela ama-route target futhi. Qala ekumephweni, bese kuba i-underlay, bese kuba izinga lokulawula. Ukubuyisela ushintsho lwe-route-target ukuze ulandele iphutha lezinga ledatha iyindlela ethembekile yokuphula ukungenisa okusebenzayo.
Ama-prefix esigaba 3 aseyimizila ye-EVPN
I-prefix ye-IP kuthebula le-EVPN akuyona i-BGP evamile ye-IPv4-unicast. umzila we-EVPN IP Prefix uwuhlobo lomzila walo, futhi izimemezelo ze-MAC/IP ne-prefix ye-IP zihamba emndenini wekheli le-EVPN, i-RFC 7432 eyikhomba njenge-AFI 25 ne-SAFI 70.
Lowo mehluko ubalulekile lapho uqhathanisa umzila kuthebula le-EVPN nomunye kuthebula le-unicast. Bangachaza indawo efanayo futhi bakhiqizwe, bahlungwe futhi bangeniswe ngenqubomgomo ehlukile. Ukufunda okukodwa njengobufakazi ngokunye yikho okwenza i-fabric efanele ibonakale iphukile phakathi nokufuduka.
Hlola ukususwa kombolekisi ngaphambi kokuqhathanisa izinombolo
I-RFC 9136 inweba i-EVPN ngemizila ye-IP Prefix futhi icacisa ukuthi i-RD esebenzayo ivela kumongo we-MAC-VRF noma we-IP-VRF. Yingakho ilebula lesevisi le-L2 nelebula lesevisi ehambiswayo kokuphuma okufanayo kufanele kufundwe ngokubhekisa entweni eziyingxenye yazo, hhayi ukwehliselwa ku-RD eyodwa ngekilayenti.
Ukususwa okuzenzakalelayo kwe-RD ne-RT kuncike kumbolekisi. Funda ireferensi yombolekisi ofakiwe mayelana nefomula esetshenziswayo; inani elikhiqizwe ngokuzenzakalelayo elibonwe kuswishi eyodwa akulona ukufakwa kwekhodi jikelele, futhi ukuqhathanisa izinombolo zambolekisi ababili akuvamisile ukufakazela lutho.
Qeda ngomkhondo obhaliwe walowo mzila owaqala ngawo: uhlobo, into eyawudala, i-RD, i-RT ekhishiwe, inqubomgomo yokungenisa, i-VNI efakiwe. Izinkambu eziyisithupha zichaza isimemezelo kunoma ubani ozofunda ithikithi ngokulandelayo, futhi akukho kuzo okudinga ukuthi izinombolo zekilayenti zilingane.