Sababta kirayste EVPN ah uu u muujin karo dhowr route distinguisher
Laba RD oo kirayste keli ah ma aha khilaaf. Ka soco soo-saarka CLI ilaa MAC-VRF ama IP-VRF ee sameeyay dariiqa, kadib hubi gelinta RT iyo VNI.
Waxaad u shaandhaynaysaa shaxda EVPN hal kirayste, oo dariiqyadu waxay qaadaan laba route distinguisher oo kala duwan. Dareenka ugu horreeya waa khilaaf habaynta, dareenkaasna badanaa waa khalad. Magaca kiraystaha waa calaamad ganacsi, ma aha hal shay oo ku yaal heerka xakamaynta, sidaas darteed macnaha buundada iyo macnaha marin-hagaajinta ee ku dhex jira waxay si sharci ah ugu dhawaaqi karaan aqoonsiyo kala duwan. Hal mar u raac hal dariiq laga bilaabo soo-saarka dib ugu noqo shayga adeegga maxalliga ah ee abuuray, oo RD-da labaad wuu joojiyaa u ekaanshaha khalad.
Ka bilow soo-saarkii kaa wareeriyay
Dooro hal dariiq halkii shaxda oo dhan. Qor nooca dariiqa, RD-da, route target-yada la dhoofiyay iyo boodhka xiga. Afartaas goobood waxay ku filan yihiin in lagu garto shayga maxalliga ah ee ku dhawaaqay iyo siyaasadda fog ee ay tahay inuu soo geliyo.
Qalabka qaabka NX-OS ah, muuqaalka faahfaahsan waxaa lagu gaaraa show bgp l2vpn evpn route-type 2 detail ama show bgp l2vpn evpn route-type 5 detail. Junos waxaa isla macluumaadkaas ku yaal show route table bgp.evpn.0 detail. Weedh kala duwan, isla goobaha.
Ha ku bilowno inaad dhigto lambar kasta oo la muujiyay isku mid. In RD-yada la simo waa isbeddelka jebiya siyaasadda soo-gelinta fabric shaqaynaya.
Sii aqoonsi kasta shaqadiisa
| Identifier | Question it answers | Where it is used |
|---|---|---|
| Route distinguisher | Which distinct route context contributed this advertisement? | Makes otherwise identical prefixes unique in BGP |
| Route target | Which importing service policy should receive the route? | Extended community matched by import policy |
| VNI | Which VXLAN service context carries the traffic? | Data plane encapsulation and mapping |
MAC-VRF waxay haysaa macluumaadka gudbinta MAC ee adeegga buundada. IP-VRF waxay bixisaa macne marin-hagaajin IP oo loogu talagalay adeeg la maroojiyay. Kirayste wuxuu ku Dari karaa labadaba, taas ayaa sabab u ah in kirayste keli ah uu soo saari karo in ka badan hal RD isagoo aan lahayn khalad habayn.
RFC 7432 waxay u qoondaynaysaa RD-da MAC-VRF-ga dhawaaqaya EVPN NLRI-giisa waxayna dalbanaysaa RD-yo kala duwan oo ka dhexeeya MAC-VRF-yada isla PE. Nidaamyada route-target waa gooni: waxay oggol yihiin hal ama in ka badan oo sifooyin RT ah waxayna ku tiirsan yihiin siyaasadda soo-gelinta xubinnimada. Sinnaanta RD ma aha waxa abuura xubinnimo la wadaago, oo sidaas u qaadashadu waa xididka jahwareerkan.
Raac hal dariiq laga bilaabo dhawaaqa ilaa soo-gelinta
Raac dariiqa hal jiho. Xaqiiji nooca dariiqa, adeegga abuuray, RD-da, RT-yada la dhoofiyay iyo kadib siyaasadda soo-gelinta PE-ga qaata. Tallaabo kastu waxay ka jawaabtaa su'aal kale, guuldarrana tallaabo kasta waxay u muuqataa sida isla prefix-ka maqan dhinaca kale.
Marka dariiqa uu jiro, baadh macnaha gudbinta ee la rakibay iyo khariidadda VNI. In VNI ay labada daraf ku habboonaato waxay muujinaysaa in heerka xogta uu ku heshiiyay; ma muujinayso in heerka xakamaynta uu dariiqa ku soo geliyay siyaasadda loogu talagalay.
Haddii dariiqa uu ka soo muuqdo PE fog laakiin taraafikku ma qulqulo, dhibaatadu way dhaaftay EVPN. Hubi xiriirka VNI-ilaa-VLAN ama VNI-ilaa-VRF iyo dariiqa underlay ka hor inta aadan mar kale tafatirin route target-yada. Ka bilow khariidadda, kadib underlay, kadibna heerka xakamaynta. In dib loo celiyo isbeddel route-target si loo eryado cillad heerka xogta waa hab lagu kalsoonaan karo oo loo jebiyo soo-gelin shaqaynaysa.
Prefix-yada lakabka 3 wali waa dariiqooyin EVPN
Prefix IP oo ku jira shaxda EVPN ma aha BGP caadi ah oo IPv4-unicast. dariiqa EVPN IP Prefix waa nooc dariiq u gaar ah, dhawaaqyada MAC/IP iyo IP-prefix waxay ku socdaan qoyska cinwaanka EVPN, oo RFC 7432 ay u aqoonsato AFI 25 iyo SAFI 70.
Farqigaas waa muhiim marka aad isbarbardhigto dariiq ku jira shaxda EVPN iyo mid ku jira shaxda unicast. Waxay qeexi karaan isla meesha loo socdo oo haddana lagu soo saaro, lagu shaandheeyo oo lagu soo geliyo siyaasad kala duwan. In mid loo akhriyo caddayn ku saabsan kan kale waa sababta fabric sax ah uu ugu muuqdo mid jaban inta lagu guda jiro guuritaan.
Hubi soo-saarista iibiyaha ka hor inta aadan isbarbardhigin lambarrada
RFC 9136 waxay EVPN ku ballaadhisaa dariiqooyin IP Prefix waxayna caddaynaysaa in RD-da lagu dabaqo uu ka yimaado macnaha MAC-VRF ama IP-VRF. Sidaas darteed sumadda adeegga L2 iyo sumadda adeegga la maroojiyay ee isla soo-saarka waa in lagu akhriyo shayada ay ka tirsan yihiin, oo aan loo yareyn hal RD kirayste kasta.
Soo-saarista otomaatiga ah ee RD iyo RT waxay ku xiran tahay iibiyaha. Akhri tixraaca iibiyaha la rakibay ee formula la isticmaalayo; qiimaha si otomaatig ah loo soo saaray oo lagu arkay hal switch ma aha koodh caalami ah, isbarbardhigga lambarrada laba iibiyihina marar dhif ah wax ma caddeeyo.
Ku dhammee raad qoraal ah oo loogu talagalay dariiqa aad ka bilowday: nooc, shayga abuuray, RD, RT la dhoofiyay, siyaasadda soo-gelinta, VNI la rakibay. Lix goobood waxay sharraxaan dhawaaqa qof kasta oo xigta akhrinaya tikitka, oo midkoodna ma dalbanayo in lambarrada kiraystaha ay iswaafaqaan.