Ukumaka kwe-DSCP noma isithembiso se-QoS somhlinzeki? Kukho kokubili akusona isivumelwano

Kukhona okumakwayo, umugqa uhlelwa, bese kuthi othile abuze ukuthi ingabe ukuklama kuqinisekisa yiphi ikhwalithi ngempela. Impendulo eqotho ukuthi uchaze izingxenye ezimbili zesivumelwano ezihlangana emngceleni. Kuze kube yilapho usukwazi ukusho isigaba esamukelwa umhlinzeki kanye nokwelashwa akusebenzisayo, ukuhlelwa kwasendaweni kuyinhloso, hhayi isithembiso. Zombili izingxenye zibalulekile, futhi akukho ngxenye eyodwa engaqagulwa kwenye.

local match → queue and marking → provider classifier
  → provider treatment → destination

Lapho ukumaka okulungile kungafa khona buthule

Qala ngokubhala, kumthwalo ngamunye womsebenzi, umbandela wokufanisa wasendaweni, noma yikuphi ukumaka okwenzeka ngaphakathi kwethumbu, inani elamukelwa umhlinzeki kanye nesigaba sesevisi esikhethwa yilelo nani. Amakholomu amane, futhi ukwehluleka kuvame ukuhlala phakathi kwelesibili neyesithathu.

Ukuziphatha kokumaka kusuka ekhanda langaphakathi kuya kwelangaphandle inkinga yakudala. Iphakethe elisendleleni ebethelwe noma yethumbu liphethe ikhanda langaphakathi elibonwa isihlukanisi sakho kanye nekhanda langaphandle elibonwa imishini yomhlinzeki, futhi ukukopisha elinye kwelinye kuyisinqumo sokuhlelwa, hhayi isici esizenzakalelayo. Maka ikhanda langaphakathi kuphela futhi umhlinzeki uzohlukanisa elangaphandle, ngokuvamile njengokuzenzakalelayo, yingakho ukugeleza okumakwe kahle kungafika esigabeni esingalungile ngaphandle komugqa owodwa ohlelwe kabi ohlangothini lwakho.

Isigaba esiqanjwe endaweni singahlala singenalutho ngoba umbandela waso wokufanisa awukaze usebenze kumaphakethe angempela. Amachweba ayashintsha, izinhlelo zisebenzisa ukugeleza okuningi, futhi ukufanisa echwebeni elaziwayo umthengisi aye wayeka ukulisebenzisa emasikweni amabili adlule kukhiqiza umugqa onezibali eziyiziro kanye nenqubomgomo ebukeka iphelele ekuhlelweni okusebenzayo.

Nquma ngokucacile ukuthi ukumaka kuthenjwa kuphi. Ukukhwezela phezulu konke okwabelana ngethumbu kukhwezela phezulu nokudluliswa okukhulu kanye nezingcingo, futhi umhlinzeki owamukela ukumaka kwakho ngaphandle kokuqinisekisa ukunikeza indlela yokuzilimaza. Uma isivumelwano sivumela isango ukuthi limake kabusha ekunikezeleni, shono lokho ngokubhaliwe, ngoba yilapho imicabango yamaqembu amabili ivame ukwehluka khona.

Okwabiwa nguhleli wesikhathi ngempela

Inqubomgomo yasendaweni inencazelo yayo, futhi okubangela ukungaqondi okukhulu igama elithi “remaining”. Emapulatifomuni achazwa umhlahlandlela wokuhlela we-IOS XE, bandwidth remaining percent libeka isisindo esengeziwe, hhayi isinyathelo ochungechungeni lapho isigaba ngasinye sithatha ingxenye kulokho okushiye isigaba esandulele. Amaphesenti angabiwe asatshalaliswa kumugqa ofanelekile ongakahlelwanga esikhundleni sokugcinelwa isigaba sokugcina efayeleni.

Lowo mehluko ubalulekile ngoba imodeli yokucabanga elandelanayo inikeza izibikezelo ezingahlangani nezibali. Onjiniyela bahlela kabusha izigaba ukuze bashintshe umphumela, ababoni mehluko, bese bephetha ngokuthi ipulatifomu yephukile, kuyilapho ukuhlelwa kungakaze kusho lokho ababekucabanga.

Isakhi sefomu somzali enye into emangazayo evamile. Ukwenza ifomu lomugqa olawulwayo kwehle kufinyelele izinga lesevisi elisebenzisekayo ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngamabomu, ngoba kuhambisa iphuzu lokuminyana edivayisini oyilawulayo esikhundleni somugqa ophezulu ongawulawuli. Ukususa isakhi sefomu ngoba ukwenza ifomu kunezela ukubambezeleka kungahambisa ukulahleka esikhundleni kokukususa, futhi ukubalwa kwezindleko ezengeziwe noma iphoyisa lomhlinzeki kungenza izinga elisebenzayo libe ngaphansi kwalokho okusikiselwa i-interface.

Izibali zitshela ukuthi iyiphi ingxenye ehlulekile

Qhathanisa izinombolo ezine endaweni ethintekile: okwanikezwa, okwafaniswa yisigaba, okwangena emugqeni noma okwaphonswa, kanye nalokho okwalehliswa isevisi ngempela. Gcina incazelo yomthwalo womsebenzi kanye nenguqulo yenqubomgomo eduze nokubonwa, ngoba isithombe-skrini sezibali ngaphandle kwazo asikwazi ukukhiqizwa kabusha.

Amagatsha yizinkinga ezihlukene ezinabanikazi abahlukene. Isigaba sasendaweni esingafanisi lutho iyiphutha lokuhlukanisa ohlangothini lwakho. Isigaba esifanisayo, esingena emugqeni futhi esiphonsayo ngenkathi umhlinzeki ebika ukulethwa okuhlanzekile sikhomba uhleli wesikhathi wakho noma isakhi sefomu sakho. Isigaba esibonakala silungile endaweni ngenkathi ukulahleka kuvela ngale kokunikezelwa sikhomba ukwenza imephu komthwali kanye nomngcele olinganisiwe esivumelwaneni. Akukho kokuthathu okulungiswa ngokuhlela okunye, yingakho izinombolo kufanele ziqoqwe ndawonye.

I-RFC 2475 ibeka ukuhlukanisa nokubeka imibandela njengomsebenzi owenziwa ngaphakathi kwezizinda zokuphatha, futhi yingakho ukumaka kungenakho ukubekela umugqa eceleni kusuka ekugcineni kuya ekugcineni. Umhlahlandlela wokuhlela we-IOS XE uyisithenjwa sokuziphatha kwesisindo esengeziwe okuchazwe ngenhla, futhi ukuqhathanisa kwawo amapulatifomu kufanele kufundwe ngaphambi kokuhambisa izinga elibaliwe phakathi kwamamodeli.

Bhala isivumelwano endaweni eyodwa

Beka ukufanisa kwasendaweni, umngcele wokwethemba, isigaba somhlinzeki kanye nezinga lesevisi elilinganisiwe kudokhumenti elilodwa elizosayinwa yizinhlangothi zombili. Khona-ke ukushintsha kwephesenti kunomongo, futhi isikhalazo sekhwalithi sinomnikazi.

Ukushintsha iphesenti lasendaweni akukwazi ukulungisa isiqinisekiso somunye umugqa, futhi asikho isikimu sokumaka esisinda ekwenzeni imephu umhlinzeki angayihloniphi. Qhathanisa izingxenye, shono umngcele, bese kuthiwa usho inombolo.