Ingabe i-VPN iphula izilawuli zabazali kudivayisi yomndeni?
Eminye imithetho ihlala emzileni kanti eminye ihlala ku-akhawunti. Thatha isilinganiso sokuqala, faka umhubhe bese uqhathanisa lapho isihlungi ngasinye sisebenza khona ngempela.
Izilawuli zabazali akusiyo umkhiqizo owodwa. Umthetho ungahlala kurutha, kusevisi ye-DNS, ku-akhawunti yesistimu yokusebenza, kusiphequluli esithile noma kuhlelo lokusebenza ngalunye. I-VPN ishintsha lokho umzila wenethiwekhi ongakubona, futhi ayishintshi lutho emkhawulweni wesikhathi osezingeni le-akhawunti. Yenza izivivinyo ezifanayo ngaphambi nangemva kokufaka umhubhe, bese ukwehlukaniswa kubonakala esikhundleni sokuphikiswana.
Bhala ukuthi muphi umthetho ohlala kuphi
Qala ngohlu: idivayisi, i-akhawunti, isiphequluli nohlelo lokusebenza, bese kuba yindlela esebenzisa isidingo ngasinye. Imikhawulo yesikhathi ivamise ukuba se-akhawuntini yenkundla. Imikhawulo yokufaka nokuthenga nayo ilapho. Ukuhlunga okuqukethwe yikho okungacacile, ngoba kungaba umthetho werutha, impendulo ye-DNS, inqubomgomo yesiphequluli noma isici sezinga lohlelo lokusebenza. Ngakunye kwalokhu kuziphatha ngendlela ehlukile lapho ukuhanjiswa kufakwa emgodini.
| Mechanism | Where it operates | What a tunnel changes |
|---|---|---|
| Router or DNS filter | The network path or the resolver | Hides destinations and queries inside the tunnel |
| OS account limits | The device and the signed-in account | Nothing about the internet exit |
| Browser policy | A specific browser under a managed account | Depends on whether that browser uses the tunnel |
| App-level restriction | The application itself | Usually independent of routing |
Uhlu oluthathwe ngaphambi koshintsho luyindlela kuphela yokuhlukanisa ukuhlehla entweni engazange isebenze.
Thatha isilinganiso sokuqala ngaphambi kokufaka noma yini
Bhala ukuthi isixazululi sini esiphendulayo, umzila onjani uthathwa indawo evamile, nokuthi ikhasi elaziwayo elivinjiwe livinjiwe ngempela. Bese uphinda lawo maqoqo amathathu okubona, ngokulandelana okufanayo, kudivayisi efanayo.
resolvectl status | head -20
ip route get 203.0.113.10
dig +short example.comUmphumela wesixazululi ukhombisa ukuthi idivayisi isebenzisa i-DNS yerutha noma isixazululi esiyimfihlo esilungiselelwe kudivayisi. Leyo mininingwane eyodwa ichaza izimangaliso eziningi, ngoba idivayisi esebenzisa isixazululi sayo esibethelwe ayilokothi ibuze isihlungi sasekhaya. Gcina isidingo sangempela sasekhaya ngolimi olulula eceleni komphumela ngamunye. «Azikho izinkundla zokuxhumana ngemva kwehora lesishiyagalolunye» kanye nokuthi «le rutha ivimba uhlu lwamagama wesizinda» kuyizidingo ezihlukene ezinabanikazi abahlukene, futhi umhubhe uthinta okukodwa kuphela kukho.
Phinda izivivinyo ezifanayo ngombhe uvuliwe
Ngemva kokuxhunywa kombhe, phinda izivivinyo zesixazululi nomzila. Uma isixazululi sishintshile saba esiyimfihlo, ukuhlunga kwerutha akusekho emzileni, nakuba idivayisi isesebenzeni kunethiwekhi yasekhaya.
resolvectl status | head -20
ip route get 203.0.113.10
curl -sS -o /dev/null -w '%{http_code}\n' https://example.comUmzila ose udlula embheni uchaza ukulahleka kokuhlunga kwerutha ngaphandle kokusikisela ukuthi imikhawulo ye-akhawunti iyekile ukusebenza. Hlola umkhawulo we-akhawunti ngokwehlukile, ngokuwufunda kuzilungiselelo zenkundla ngokwayo esikhundleni sokucabanga kusukela ekhasini elivinjiwe. Imiphumela yesiphequluli idinga ukunakekela okufanayo. Isihlungi esisebenza kuphela ku-akhawunti yengane engene ngemvume kusiphequluli esisodwa asisho lutho ngesinye isiphequluli noma ngohlelo lokusebenza lwedeskithophu oluvulwa ngaphandle kwaso.
Xazulula izingxabano esikhundleni sokuvala izinto
Imikhiqizo emibili efuna ukuba ngumnikazi wesandiso senethiwekhi yedivayisi ingase ingqubuzane, futhi uphawu oluvamile ukuthi enye yazo inqaba ukuxhuma. Ukususa isivikelo ukuze umhubhe usebenze kuwukuqondisa okungalungile. Funda amanothi okuhambisana womabili abathengisi bese ukhetha ukuhleleka okugcina isidingo. Ngezinye izikhathi lokho kusho ukuhambisa isihlungi kwelinye ungqimba, njengephrofayela yedivayisi elawulwayo, esikhundleni sokuqalisa izinhlelo ezimbili ezilwela ingwegwe efanayo.
Uma umthombo osemthethweni wesikole noma womsebenzi uvinjiwe, nika umphathi wasekhaya indlela yokugunyazwa ebhaliwe. Ukuhlukile okunesizathu nosuku lokubuyekezwa kungagcinwa; inqwaba yezinguquko zenethiwekhi zesikhashana ayinakugcinwa.
Gcina irekhodi lincane futhi lisesikhathini
Ikhasi elilodwa lanele: amadivayisi, ama-akhawunti, iyiphi indlela esebenzisa umthetho ngamunye nosuku lokugcina lokuhlola. Phinda izivivinyo ngemva kokubuyekezwa okukhulu kohlelo lokusebenza, ngoba izandiso zenethiwekhi nezinqubomgomo zesiphequluli zihamba phakathi kwezinguqulo.
Bhala irekhodi lomuntu ozolungisa lokhu ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha, futhi lowo muntu kungaba nguwe ngemva kokukhohlwa yonke imininingwane. Shono izindlela esikhundleni semikhiqizo, futhi amanothi azoba nomqondo ngemva kokushintshwa kwegama.