Ingabe iklayenti lakho le-VPN lisengathola ukulungiswa kwezokuphepha?

Vula ikhasi lomkhiqizo weklayenti le-VPN bese uthola amaphrothokholi, ithebula lezici kanye nenkinobho yokulanda; okushodayo indlela amaphutha ambalwa okugcina aphathwe ngayo. Iklayenti lihlala lifakiwe iminyaka, ngakho irekhodi lokunakekela liyingxenye yokuzikhethela eceleni kohlu lwamaphrothokholi. Izinombolo zenguqulo zodwa azihleli lutho ngoba ukushuba kokukhishwa nokuthula kungafihla inani elifanayo lomsebenzi. Umhlahlandlela ongezansi ufunda lelo rekhodi, bese uhlola ukuthi ukwakhiwa onakho ngempela kusengakwazi yini ukuthola ukulungiswa.

Funda izaziso, hhayi inani lezinguqulo

Iya ekhasini lezaziso lomkhiqizo ongawufaka, hhayi ekhasini lephakethe leseva elinegama elifanayo. Ukubuyekezwa kweseva akusho ukulungiswa kweklayenti, futhi ukulungiswa kwedeskithophu akusho lutho ngohlelo lokusebenza lweselula. Izingxenye eziwusizo zesaziso ibanga lenguqulo ethintekile, ukwakhiwa okulungisiwe kanye isenzo umthengisi akucela kubasebenzisi. Uhlu lwezaziso zokuphepha ze-OpenVPN lunesimo esinjalo, okulenza libe yisilinganiso esilungile kunoma yimuphi umthengisi omhlolayo.

Imvamisa yokukhishwa iyisignali ebuthakathaka kuzo zombili izinhlangothi: ukushuba kungaba ukunakekela okuncane, futhi isikhathi esithule kusengaqukatha ukulungiswa okukhulu. Okuhlela umthengisi ukuthi ingabe iphutha elibikiwe laveza isitatimende esicacile nokwakhiwa okulungisiwe. Ukungacaci kulelo rekhodi kuyitholakele ngokwako, ngoba kusikisela ukuthi iphutha elilandelayo lizophathwa ngendlela efanayo.

Landelela umsele okufika ngawo ukwakhiwa kwakho

Umsele unquma ukuthi ukulungiswa kufika ngokushesha kangakanani kuwe, futhi akufani kuzo zonke izinkundla. Isitolo, isifaki somthengisi, iphakethe lokusabalalisa kanye nengosi yezinhlelo zekhompyutha yenhlangano ngayinye inesikhathi sayo nesinyathelo sokugunyaza. Ukwakhiwa okuphakishwe kabusha kungasala emuva emasontweni kumthombo, futhi inhlanganisela yomuntu wesithathu ingase ingalandeli nhlobo uhlelo lomthengisi.

Buza imethadatha yephakethe ukuthi imuphi umsele ongumnikazi webhinari esikhundleni sokuthemba ikhasi lokulanda olikhumbulayo. Le misho emithathu ikhomba umnikazi kanye nenguqulo elindile ezilungiselelweni ezijwayelekile ze-Linux ne-Flatpak:

dpkg -S "$(command -v openvpn)"
apt policy openvpn
flatpak list --columns=application,version

Hlola ukuthi yini efakiwe ngempela

Isaziso sichaza iphrojekthi, hhayi umshini wakho, futhi lezi zimbili ziyehluka ngemuva kwanoma yikuphi ukusatshalaliswa okungaphelele. Funda inguqulo efakiwe ngaphambi kokwamukela ukusatshalaliswa njengokulungisiwe:

openvpn --version | head -3
wg --version
winget list --name OpenVPN

Iqembu elilawulwayo lidinga umqondisi ogunyaza ukusatshalaliswa, ngakho isaziso akusona isilungiso esifakiwe. Buza ukuthi amathuluzi okusatshalaliswa azoletha nini ukwakhiwa okusha, futhi ubeke leyo mpendulo eceleni kosuku lokufuduka. Kuze kudlule usuku, iqembu ligcina ukwakhiwa okudala nokuchayeka okudala.

Fakazela ukuthi ukubuyekezwa akuzange kwephule umhubhe

Ukubuyekezwa kungashintsha indlela yomzila, izinketho zesifaki noma indawo yefayela lokucubungula, futhi ushintsho luvame ukuvela njengenkinga yokuxhumana hhayi njengenothi yokukhishwa. Qinisekisa ukuxhumana, umzila nokuxhumana kabusha ngenqubo ebhaliwe esikhundleni sokucabanga ukuthi indlela endala yasinda. Gcina izidingo zephrofayela nezilungiselelo zokuhambisana kurekhodi elilodwa, ukuze ukwehluleka kwakamuva kube nokubekwa ekhanda lokwakhiwa hhayi inethiwekhi.

Uma ukwakhiwa okusha kwehluleka, qopha inguqulo, ilogi kanye nephuzu eliqondile lokwehluleka ngaphambi kokuhlehla. Ukuhlehla ngaphandle kobufakazi kuvame ukugcina ngokuzama futhi lokho kubuyekezwa kanye nomphumela ofanayo:

ip route get 203.0.113.10
openvpn --config client.ovpn --verb 4 2>&1 | grep -i -E 'error|fatal'
systemctl status openvpn-client@client --no-pager

Qopha kuqala bese unquma. Ukufuna umzila kuhlukanisa inkinga yomhubhe nenkinga yekheli, ilogi enemininingwane ibiza inketho ehlulekile, futhi isimo seyunithi sikhombisa ukuthi iklayenti lake laqala yini. Lezo zintathu zenza futhi umbiko womthengisi osebenzisekayo, esikhundleni sencazelo yezimpawu ezingekho ongaziphinda.

Lapho inkundla iphuma ekusekelweni

Lapho umthengisi eyeka ukusekela uhlelo lokusebenza, izinketho zethembekile ukufuduka noma okuhlukile okubhaliwe. Ukufriza iklayenti elinganakekelwa ukuze kugwenywe ukuthuthukiswa kugcina ukwakhiwa okungasatholi zilungiso, futhi yileso sici esasiyisizathu sokufundwa kwerekhodi lezaziso. Okuhlukile kuvikeleka kuphela uma kunomnikazi nosuku lokugcina olunamathiselwe.

Vala ukubuyekezwa ngokubhala amaqiniso amathathu kunothi lokukhetha: ibanga lenguqulo esekelwe, ukwakhiwa okulungiswe kokugcina ongakufaka, kanye nosuku lokufuduka kukho konke okungaphandle kwalelo banga. Uma okukodwa kwalezi zintathu kudingeka, kucela kumthengisi ngaphambi kwesinqumo hhayi ngemuva. Ukuthula komthengisi akubona ubufakazi benqubo yokunakekela.